Kuyankhulana ndi Prof. Dr. Archil Metreveli, Mtsogoleri wa Institute for Religious Freedom of the University of Georgia
Jan-Leonid Bornstein: Tamva kuchokera kwa inu za dongosolo latsopano lamalamulo la Boma la Georgia lokhudza kutumiza zolemba za Defence Code yatsopano Mu Disembala 2022. Ngati atalandira chikalata chomwe chatumizidwa, lamulo lomwe likugwira ntchito, lomwe limamasula (kulepheretsa) Atumiki achipembedzo chilichonse kulowa usilikali mokakamizidwa, adzachotsedwa. . Kodi mukuwona zoopsa zotani panjira yatsopanoyi?
Archil Metreveli: Kunena zowona, izi siziri ngakhale "chiwopsezo" koma "chowonadi chodziwikiratu" chomwe chidzapangidwa ngati kusinthidwa kwa malamulo kuvomerezedwa. Mwakutero, malamulo okhazikitsidwawo adzathetsa mwayi woti nduna za zipembedzo zing'onozing'ono, kutanthauza kuti zipembedzo zonse kupatulapo Tchalitchi cha Georgian Orthodox, kuti zipindule ndi kusaloledwa kulowa usilikali.
Jan-Leonid Bornstein: Kodi mungafotokoze zambiri kuti owerenga athu amvetsetse zovutazo?
Archil Metreveli: Miyambo iwiri ya malamulo a ku Georgia yomwe ikugwira ntchito imapangitsa kuti nduna zisamalowe usilikali. Choyamba, Ndime 4 ya Pangano la Constitutional Agreement pakati pa State of Georgia ndi Apostle Autocephalous Orthodox Church of Georgia (kupatula Atumiki a Tchalitchi cha Orthodox ku Georgia) ndipo chachiwiri, Ndime 30 ya Lamulo la Georgia pa Ntchito Yankhondo ndi Usilikali (the Atumiki a chipembedzo chilichonse, kuphatikizapo Tchalitchi cha Orthodox ku Georgia).
Ndime 71 ya zomwe zidatumizidwa ku Defense Code, zomwe ndi m'malo mwa Ndime 30 ya lamulo lomwe latchulidwa pamwambapa lomwe likugwira ntchito, lomwe limayang'anira kuyimitsidwa kwa usilikali, siliphatikizanso zomwe zimatchedwa Ministerial Exception. Chifukwa chake, malinga ndi lamulo latsopanoli, palibe Mtumiki wa chipembedzo chilichonse amene sanaloledwe kulowa usilikali amene sangakhalenso ndi mwayi wokhala Unduna Wopatulapo. Kumbali ina, Gawo 4 la Pangano la Constitutional Agreement la Georgia, lomwe silimaloledwa kulowa usilikali kokha Atumiki a Tchalitchi cha Orthodox ku Georgia, likugwirabe ntchito.
Ndizofunikira kuti malinga ndi Constitution ya Georgia (Ndime 4) ndi Lamulo la Georgia pa Normative Acts (Ndime 7) Pangano la Constitutional of Georgia limakhala patsogolo pa Malamulo a Georgia ndipo, ngati atatengedwa kukhala mwana, komanso pa Chitetezo. Kodi. Chifukwa chake, Utumiki Wopatula (omwe udzachotsedwa kwa Atumiki a zipembedzo zonse) sudzathetsa mwai umenewu kwa Atumiki a Tchalitchi cha Orthodox ku Georgia chifukwa uyenera kuperekedwa ndi lamulo lapamwamba kwambiri - Pangano la Constitutional Agreement. ku Georgia.
JLB: Ndamva. Mukuganiza kuti nchifukwa ninji lamuloli likuperekedwa? Kodi zimalungamitsidwa bwanji?
AM: Ndemanga yofotokozera zomwe zatumizidwazo zikuti kusinthidwaku kukufuna kuthetsa kusiyana kwa malamulo komwe kumalola mabungwe achipembedzo "osakhulupirika" ndi "abodza" kuthandiza anthu kupewa kulowa usilikali mokakamizidwa. Cholinga chofotokozedwacho chikugwirizana ndi mchitidwe wokhazikitsidwa ndi Church of Biblical Freedom - bungwe lachipembedzo lokhazikitsidwa ndi chipani cha ndale Girchi. Mpingo wa Ufulu wa Baibulo, monga chida chotsutsa ndale ku Girchi motsutsana ndi usilikali wokakamizidwa, umapereka udindo wa "Mtumiki" kwa nzika zomwe sizikufuna kugwira ntchito ya usilikali. Mchitidwe wa Mpingo wa Ufulu wa Baibulo umadalira ndendende lamulo la Ntchito Yankhondo ndi Usilikali lomwe likugwira ntchito.
JLB: Kodi mukuganiza kuti izi zikhala ndi zotsatirapo zina pamalamulo aku Georgia kapena machitidwe amalamulo?
AM: Inde, ndipo zatero kale. Zosinthazi zaperekedwanso ku Law on Georgia on Non-military, Alternative Labor Service. Makamaka, malinga ndi zimene anakonza zoti atulutse nzika ku ntchito ya usilikali mokakamizidwa ndi kugwira ntchito zina zosakhudzana ndi usilikali, ntchito zina zosagwirizana ndi usilikali, komanso kukana kulowa usilikali chifukwa cha zimene amakhulupirira, idzakhalanso “Mtumiki”. Malinga ndi kunena kwa akuluakulu a boma la Georgia, “Mwayi” watsopano umenewu udzalowa m’malo mwa Ministerial Exception yomwe yachotsedwa, chifukwa lamulo latsopanoli lidzagwira ntchito mofanana kwa Atumiki a zipembedzo zonse, kuphatikizapo tchalitchi cha Orthodox ku Georgia. Komabe, kumasulira kumeneku si koona mtima, chifukwa Pangano la Constitutional Agreement la ku Georgia limaletsa Boma kukakamiza Atumiki a tchalitchi cha Orthodox kulowa usilikali, choncho sikudzakhala kofunikira kuwonjezera “mwayi” wa ntchito zina zosagwirizana ndi usilikali kwa iwo. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, ngati zikalata zimene zaperekedwazo zivomerezedwa, nduna za tchalitchi cha Orthodox sizidzaloledwa kulowa usilikali popanda zifukwa zomveka, pamene Atumiki a zipembedzo zina zonse azidzapatsidwa ntchito zina zosakhudzana ndi usilikali.
JLB: Koma kodi mwayi umenewo, kutanthauza kumasulidwa kwathunthu ku usilikali wokakamiza, ndi ufulu wofunikira?
AM: Chodetsa nkhawa chathu chikukhudzana ndi Ufulu Wachibadwidwe Wofanana ndi Kusasankhana kotengera chipembedzo. Mwachionekere, kumasulidwa kwa Mtumiki ku ntchito ya usilikali (mosiyana ndi kumasulidwa chifukwa chokana usilikali chifukwa cha chikumbumtima) siufulu wotetezedwa ndi Ufulu wa Chipembedzo kapena Chikhulupiriro. Mwaŵi umenewu waperekedwa kwa iwo polingalira za kufunika kwa anthu kwa mkhalidwe wawo ndi mwa chifuniro cha ndale za Boma.
Komabe, Ufulu Wachikulu wa Kufanana ndi Kupanda Tsankho lozikidwa pachipembedzo ukutanthauza kuti, ngati palibe chifukwa chenicheni cha kuchitiridwa zinthu kosiyana, maudindo operekedwa ndi Boma ayenera kuperekedwa mofanana kwa gulu lirilonse kapena munthu mosasamala kanthu za chipembedzo chawo kapena kachitidwe. Lamulo loperekedwa ndi lodziwikiratu komanso tsankho lodziwika bwino lozikidwa pachipembedzo, popeza siliphatikiza zifukwa zomveka zochitira chithandizo chosiyana.
JLB: M'malingaliro anu, kodi ndi njira yotani yomwe boma lingachite pankhaniyi?
AM: Kupeza mayankho a mafunso ngati amenewa sikovuta. Zochitika zamakono za Ufulu wa Chipembedzo ndi Democracy zimatsimikizira momveka bwino kuti Boma siliyenera kumasula zolemetsa zake ponyalanyaza Ufulu Wachikhazikitso ndi Ufulu wa anthu kapena magulu. Chotero, ngati Khotilo lipeza kuti Tchalitchi cha Ufulu wa M’Baibulo chinalidi kugwiritsira ntchito molakwa Ufulu wa Chipembedzo kapena Chikhulupiriro, Boma liyenera kuchotseratu mchitidwe wa chiwonongeko osati Ufulu wa Kufanana ndi Kusasankhana kozikidwa pa chipembedzo ndi chikhulupiriro, kotheratu.
JLB: Zikomo
