Munzvimbo iri kure, musanganiswa we geophysical nzira dzinoratidza magma kutamisa pazasi pegungwa sechikonzero.
Kunyangwe kubva kumhenderekedzo yeAntarctica, makomo anoputika anogona kuwanikwa. Kudengenyeka kweanopfuura zviuru makumi masere neshanu kwekudengenyeka kwakanyorwa muna 85,000 paOrca submarine volcano, iyo yanga isingashande kwenguva yakareba, kudengenyeka kwepasi kwakasvika pahuwandu husati hwambocherechedzwa mudunhu rino. Icho chokwadi chekuti zviitiko zvakadaro zvinogona kudzidzwa nekutsanangurwa zvakadzama kunyangwe munzvimbo dziri kure, uye nekudaro nzvimbo dzisina kusimba, zvino kuratidzwa nekudzidza kwechikwata chepasirese chakaburitswa mujenari. Kukurukurirana Pasi Nezvakatipoteredza.
Vatsvakurudzi vanobva kuGermany, Italy, Poland, neUnited States vakabatanidzwa muchidzidzo ichi, icho chaitungamirirwa naSimone Cesca weGermany Research Center for Geosciences (GFZ) Potsdam. Vakakwanisa kubatanidza seismological, geodetic, uye kure kure sensing matekiniki kuti vaone kuti kukurumidza kuendesa magma kubva mujasi rePasi pedyo nemuganhu wecrust-mantle kusvika pamusoro pepamusoro kwakakonzera kudengenyeka kwenyika.
The Orca volcano pakati pekumusoro kweSouth America neAntarctica
Kudengenyeka kwemvura kunonyanya kuitika munzvimbo dzine kuputika kwemakomo. Kufamba kwemvura mugoko reNyika ndiko saka kunofungidzirwa kuti ndiko kuri kukonzera. Orca seamount igomo guru repasi pegungwa rekudzivirira kwemakomo rine hurefu hunosvika 900 metres pamusoro pepasi pegungwa uye chigadziko chedhayamita chingangoita makiromita gumi nerimwe. Inowanikwa muBransfield Strait, nzira yegungwa pakati peAntarctic Peninsula neSouth Shetland Islands, maodzanyemba akadziva kumadokero kwekumaodzanyemba kweArgentina.
“Kare, kudengenyeka kwenyika munzvimbo ino kwakanga kuri pakati nepakati. Nekudaro, muna Nyamavhuvhu 2020, kudengenyeka kwenyika kwakanyanya kwakatanga ipapo, nekudengenyeka kwenyika kunopfuura 85,000 mukati mehafu yegore. Inomiririra kusagadzikana kukuru kwekudengenyeka kwati kwamboitwa ikoko,” anoshuma kudaro Simone Cesca, musayendisiti ari muGFZ's Section 2.1 Earthquake and Volcano Physics uye munyori mukuru weongororo yakabudiswa zvino. Panguva imwecheteyo sepurumu, kusimuka kwepasi kweanopfuura masendimita gumi uye kukwidziridzwa kudiki kwesendimita imwe kwakanyorwa pane yakavakidzana neKing George Island.
Matambudziko ekutsvakurudza munzvimbo iri kure
Cesca akadzidza zviitiko izvi nevaaishanda navo kubva kuNational Institute of Oceanography uye Applied Geophysics - OGS uye University of Bologna (Italy), Polish Academy of Sciences, Leibniz University Hannover, German Aerospace Center (DLR) uye University of Potsdam. Dambudziko raive rekuti kune mashoma akajairwa seismological zviridzwa munzvimbo iri kure, zvinoti zviviri chete seismic uye mbiri GNSS zviteshi (zviteshi zvepasi zve. Groala Navigation Satellite System inoyera kutamiswa kwepasi). Kuti vagadzirise nguva uye kusimudzira mhirizhonga uye kuona chikonzero chayo, timu saka yakaongororazve data kubva kune kure kure seismic zviteshi uye data kubva kuInSAR satellites, iyo inoshandisa radar interferometry kuyera kutamiswa kwepasi. Nhanho yakakosha yaive yekuenzanisira kwezviitiko nenhamba yenzira dze geophysical kuitira kududzira data nemazvo.
Kugadzirisazve zviitiko zve seismic
Vatsvagiri vakadzosera kumashure kutanga kwemhirizhonga kusvika 10 Nyamavhuvhu 2020 uye vanowedzera iyo yekutanga seismic katalog yepasirese, ine kudengenyeka kwenyika zana nemakumi maviri nesere chete, kune zvinopfuura 128 zviitiko. Boka racho rakakwira nekudengenyeka kwenyika kukuru pa85,000 Gumiguru (Mw 2) uye 5.9 Mbudzi (Mw 6) 6.0 isati yaderera. Pakazosvika Kukadzi 2020, seismic chiitiko chakadzikira zvakanyanya.
Masayendisiti anoona kupindira kwe magma, kutama kwehuwandu hwemagma, sechikonzero chikuru chekudengenyeka kwenyika, nokuti maitiro ekudengenyeka kwega haakwanisi kutsanangura kucherechedzwa kwakasimba kwepamusoro peKing George Island. Kuvapo kweiyo volumetric magma intrusion inogona kusimbiswa yakazvimirira pahwaro hwe data geodetic.
Kutanga kubva kwayakatangira, kudengenyeka kwakatanga kusimuka kuenda kumusoro uyezve nechemberi: kwakadzika, kudengenyeka kwenyika kwakaungana kunodudzirwa semhinduro kune yakatwasuka magma kupararira kubva padziva riri mujasi repamusoro kana pamuganho wecrust-mantle, nepo kudzika, kudengenyeka kwepasi kunowedzera NE-SW. yakakonzerwa pamusoro peiyo magma dike inokura padivi, inosvika kureba ingangoita makiromita makumi maviri.
Kudengenyeka kwakadzikira kamwe kamwe pakati paMbudzi, mushure memwedzi ingangoita mitatu yebasa rakasimba, mutsamba yekuitika kwekudengenyeka kwenyika kukuru kweiyo nhevedzano, nehukuru Mw 6.0. Mhedziso yezvipembenene inogona kutsanangurwa nekurasikirwa kwekumanikidzwa mune magma dike, inofambidzana nekutsvedza kwechikanganiso chikuru, uye inogona kuratidza nguva yekuputika kwegungwa iyo, zvisinei, haisati yagona kusimbiswa nedzimwe data.
Nekuenzanisira GNSS uye InSAR data, masayendisiti akafungidzira kuti vhoriyamu yeBransfield magmatic intrusion iri munharaunda 0.26-0.56 km³. Izvi zvinoita kuti chikamu ichi chivewo chikuru kusagadzikana kwemagimatic kwakamboongororwa geophysically muAntarctica.
mhedziso
Simone Cesca anopedzisa achiti: “Ongororo yedu inomiririra kuongorora kutsva kwakabudirira kwemhirizhonga yekudengenyeka kwenyika nekuputika kwemakomo kune imwe nzvimbo iri kure paPasi, uko kushandiswa kwakabatanidzwa kweseismology, geodesy, uye unyanzvi hwokuziva zviri kure hunoshandiswa kunzwisisa maitirwo ekudengenyeka kwenyika uye kutakura magma zvisina kusimba. nzvimbo. Iyi ndeimwe yezviitiko zvishoma apo isu tinogona kushandisa geophysical maturusi kuona kupindira kwe magma kubva kumusoro kwejasi kana crust-mantle muganho kupinda mukudzika kwakadzika - kukurumidza kuchinjisa magma kubva mujasi kuenda kunenge kumusoro kunotora mazuva mashoma. .”
Chirevo: "Kudengenyeka kukuru kwepasi kunosundwa nekupinda magmatic paBransfield Strait, Antarctica" naSimone Cesca, Monica Sugan, Łukasz Rudzinski, Sanaz Vajedian, Peter Niemz, Simon Plank, Gesa Petersen, Zhiguo Deng, Eleonora Rivalta, Alessandro Vuan. Plasencia Linares, Sebastian Heimann naTorsten Dahm, 11 Kubvumbi 2022, Kukurukurirana Pasi & Zvakatipoteredza.
DOI: 10.1038/s43247-022-00418-5
