Paramende yeParamende yeCouncil of Europe mukupera kwaKubvumbi yakabvumidza Kurudziro uye Chisarudzo chekubvisa vanhu vakaremara. Izvi zviri kupa nhungamiro dzakakosha muhurongwa hwekushandisa kodzero dzevanhu munyaya iyi kwemakore anotevera. Boka repamusoro rinoita sarudzo reCouncil of Europe, Komiti yeMakurukota, sechikamu chegadziriro yekupedzisira ikozvino yakakumbira matatu emakomiti ayo kuti aongorore Kurudziro yeGungano uye kupa mhinduro dzinogoneka pakati paJune. Dare reMakurukota richabva rapedzisa danho raro uye nokudaro Council of Europe pamusoro pekubviswa munzvimbo kwevanhu vakaremara.
Dare reParliamentary Assembly rakatsinhirawo mune zvaro Nyaya kudikanwa kwokukurumidzira kweKanzuru yeEurope, “kubatanidza zvizere chinjo yefungidziro yakatangwa neSangano Romubatanidzwa Wenyika Dzapasi Pose. Chibvumirano cheKodzero dzeVanhu Vakaremara (CRPD) kubasa kwayo.”
Kurudziro yeGungano
Gungano rakanyatso kukumbira rutsigiro rweNyika dziri nhengo “mubudiriro yadzo, mukubatana nemasangano evanhu vakaremara, ane mari yakakwana, nzira dzinoenderana nekodzero dzevanhu dzekubvisa masangano”. Vamiriri veParamende vatsinhira kuti izvi zvinofanirwa kuitwa paine nguva dzakajeka uye zvibodzwa netarisiro yeshanduko yechokwadi yekurarama kwakazvimirira kune vakaremara. Uye kuti izvi zvinofanirwa kuenderana neChisungo cheUN chekodzero dzevanhu vakaremara, Chisungo chegumi nepfumbamwe chekurarama wakazvimirira uye kuverengerwa munharaunda.
Gungano rechipiri rakakurudzira Komiti yeMakurukota kuti "iise rubatsiro kuNyika dziri nhengo kuti dzitange kushandura kubviswa kwemaitiro ekumanikidza muhutano hwepfungwa." Uye vamiriri veparamende vakasimbisa zvakare kuti mukubata nevana, vakaiswa munzvimbo dzehutano hwepfungwa, munhu anofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti kutapurirana kuri kwemwana uye kunoenderana nekodzero dzevanhu.
Gungano sechinhu chekupedzisira chakakurudzira kuti maererano neGungano rakagamuchirwa pamwe chete Kurudziro 2158 (2019), Kugumisa kumanikidzwa muhutano hwepfungwa: kudiwa kwekodzero dzevanhu-based approach kuti Kanzuru yeEurope nenyika dzenhengo dzayo “dzirege kutsigira kana kutora zvinyorwa zvemutemo zvinoita kuti budiriro uye ine musoro ibviswe, pamwe nekubvisa maitiro ekumanikidza munzvimbo dzeutano hwepfungwa zvakanyanya kuoma, uye izvo zvinopesana nemweya netsamba. yeCRPD.”
Neiyi pfungwa yekupedzisira Gungano rakanongedza kune gakava rakanyorwa zvinogoneka zviri pamutemo chitsva kugadzirisa kuchengetedzwa kwevanhu panguva yekushandiswa kwezviyero zvekumanikidzira mune zvepfungwa. Aya ndiwo mashoko akanyorwa neCouncil of Europe's Committee on Bioethics mukuwedzera kweCouncil of Europe Chibvumirano cheKodzero dzevanhu uye Biomedicine. Chinyorwa chechinomwe chegungano, chinova ndicho chinyorwa chakakosha chiri kutaurwa nezvacho pamwe chete nereferensi, chinyorwa cheEuropean Convention on Human Rights chinyorwa 7 (5)(e), chine maonero. zvichibva pamitemo yerusarura yechinyakare kubva kuchikamu chekutanga chema1900.
Kudzivirira maringe nekurambidzwa
Chinyorwa chitsva chemutemo chakanyorwa chakashoropodzwa zvakanyanya sezvo chakaita sechine chinangwa chekudzivirira vakabatwa nehutsinye hwekumanikidzira mune zvepfungwa zvinogona kuita kuti chirwadzo chirambe chiripo. Eugenics chipoko muEurope. Maonero ekudzora nekudzivirira sezvinobvira maitiro anokuvadza akadaro anopesana zvikuru nezvinodiwa nekodzero dzevanhu dzazvino uno, zvinongodzirambidza.
Council of Europe's Committee of Ministers zvichitevera kutambirwa kweGungano Recommendation yakazvizivisa kuKomiti Yayo Inotungamira Yekodzero Dzevanhu muminda yeBiomedicine and Health (CDBIO), kuti iwane ruzivo uye zvingangotaurwa panosvika 17 June 2022. Zvinocherechedzwa kuti izvi ndizvo iyo komiti chaiyo, kunyangwe iine zita idzva, yakanga yanyora gakava ringaite pamutemo chiridzwa chinodzora kuchengetedzwa kwevanhu panguva yekushandiswa kwekumanikidza matanho mukurapa kwepfungwa.
Dare reMakurukota rakatumirawo Rumbidzo kuDare Rinotungamirira reKodzero dzeVana (CDENF) neEuropean Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhumaman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT) kuti vatsinhire. Iyo CPT yakanga yamboratidza kutsigirwa kwekudiwa kwekudzivirira vanhu vanomanikidzwa matanho muhutano hwepfungwa, sezviri pachena matanho aya angave akaderera uye asina hunhu. Zvinocherechedzwa kuti CPT, semamwe masangano ari muCouncil of Europe yakasungwa nezvibvumirano zvayo zvinosanganisira chinyorwa chekare cheEuropean Convention on Human Rights chinyorwa 5.
Komiti yeMakurukota yakavakirwa pane zvingangotaurwa kubva kumakomiti matatu inozogadzirira kumira kwayo nemhinduro "nenguva yekutanga". Izvo zvinoonekwa kana Komiti yeVashandi ichapfuura zvinyorwa zvekare zvezvibvumirano zvavo kuti vanyatsoita kodzero dzevanhu dzemazuva ano muEurope yese. Dare reMakurukota chete ndiro rine simba rakazara rekugadza nhungamiro yeKanzuru yeEurope.
Resolution
Komiti yeMakurukota pamusoro pekuongorora Kurudziro yeGungano yakacherechedzawo Chisarudzo cheGungano, iyo hurukuro iyo Council of Europe nhengo dzeNyika.
Gungano iri rinokurudzira nyika dzeEurope - maererano nezvisungo zvadzo pasi pemutemo wenyika dzakawanda, uye zvichikurudzirwa nebasa reUnited Nations Committee on the Rights of Persons With Disabilities - kushandisa nzira dzinoenderana nekodzero dzevanhu dzekubvisa. Chisungo ichi chinodaidzawo maparamende enyika kuti atore matanho anodiwa kuti arambe achibvisa mutemo unobvumidza kugadzwa kwevanhu vakaremara mumasangano, pamwe nemutemo wehutano hwepfungwa unobvumidza kurapwa pasina mvumo uye kuvharirwa kunoenderana nekukanganiswa, nechinangwa chekupedza kumanikidzwa muhutano hwepfungwa.
