Likhetho tsa Europe ke sesupo sa demokrasi ea Europe. Joalo ka ha ho ngotsoe ke mohlala, the European Digital Media Observatory, batšoantšisi ba litaba tsa disinformation ba tsoang ka hare le ka ntle ho EU ba batla ho nyenyefatsa botšepehi ba tsamaiso ea likhetho, ho tšepa mekhoa ea demokrasi ka kakaretso le ho jala karohano le polarization lichabeng tsa rona. Ho ea ka Eurobarometer, 81% ea baahi ba EU ba lumellana hore litaba kapa tlhahisoleseding e hlalosang 'nete hampe kapa e fosahetseng ke bothata bakeng sa demokrasi.
Boiteko ba ho khelosa baahi
Mekhatlo, balaoli, batšoantšisi ba mekhatlo ea sechaba le bahlahlobisisi ba joalo ka European Digital Media Observatory, e Marang-rang a Maemo a Tlhahlobo ea 'Nete ea Europe 'me EUvsDisinfo ba hlokometse le ho pepesa liteko tse ngata tsa ho khelosa bakhethi ka boitsebiso bo qhekellang likhoeling tse sa tsoa feta.
Batšoantšisi ba disinformation ba sutumelitse boitsebiso bo fosahetseng mabapi le mokhoa oa ho vouta, nyahamisa baahi ho kgetha, kapa batlile ho jala karohano le polarization pele ho likhetho ka ho koetela ditaba tsa boemo bo hodimo kapa tse tsosang khang. Ka linako tse ling liteko tsena tsa ho thetsa li akarelletsa ho tlatsa sebaka sa tlhahisoleseding ka boitsebiso bo bongata ba bohata le bo khelosang, kaofela ka sepheo sa ho koetela lipuisano tsa sechaba. Hangata bo-ralipolotiki le baetapele ba phahameng ba tobane le tsona ka matšolo a ho thetsa tlhahisoleseling. Maano a 'maloa a Europe hangata ke liphofu tsa disinformation: tšehetso ho Ukraine, European Green Deal, le ho falla.
Batšoantšisi ba li-disinformation ba boetse ba sebelisa marang-rang a liak'haonte tsa bohata hammoho le mecha ea litaba ea bohata kapa e iqapetsoeng ho laola tikoloho ea tlhahisoleseding. Litšenolo tse sa tsoa etsoa ke European External Action Service (EEAS) le balaoli ba naha ba Litho tsa EU li kenyeletsa Facade ea Bohata, Portal Kombat 'me Doppelganger mesebetsi.
Haufinyane tjena tlaleho ea lipatlisiso e bitsitse "Opereishene e Felletseng" ke k'hamphani ea software ea Finland, Check First e ngotse kamoo litlaleho tse belaetsang li ileng tsa ikopanya le batho ba fetang 800 ba hlahlobang 'nete le mecha ea litaba linaheng tse fetang 75 - ho ba tlatsa ka boitsebiso bo fosahetseng, ho senya lisebelisoa tsa bona le ho leka ho ba kholisa hore ba phatlalatse tlhahisoleseding ena ea bohata ka ho senya lingoliloeng. .
Mekhatlo ea EU: Boiteko bo eketsehileng ba ho sireletsa EU khahlanong le ho qhekella tlhahisoleseling
Le ha litšokelo li le teng, ho joalo le ka likarabelo tse kopaneng tsa EU. Ho ipapisitsoe le taelo e hlakileng ea boetapele ba lipolotiki, mekhatlo ea EU e 'nile ea sebetsana le phephetso e bakoang ke ho qhekella le tšitiso ea litaba tsa kantle ho naha, ho kenyeletsoa le disinformation, ka lilemo.
Boiteko bona bo etsoa ka tšebelisano-'moho e haufi pakeng tsa litsi le ho kenya letsoho ha ba bang ba bangata ba nang le seabo, joalo ka Linaha tsa Litho tsa EU, mecha ea litaba le bahlahlobi ba litaba le mekhatlo ea sechaba, molemong oa ho arolelana lintlha, ho fapanyetsana liphihlelo le mekhoa e metle. le ho hokahanya likarabo.
E re ka e le sehlohlolong sa lefats'e sa ho sebetsana le litšokelo tse amanang le ho qhekella le tšitiso ea litaba tsa kantle ho naha, EU e sebetsa ka tšebelisano e haufi-ufi le balekane ba eona ba nang le likelello tse tšoanang kantle ho EU ka liforamo tse kang G7 Rapid Response Mechanism, har'a tse ling. E le ho phahamisa mamello litekong tsa ho kena-kenana le kantle ho naha, EU e thehile lebokose la lithulusi le ikemiselitseng ho loants'a ho qhekella le tšitiso ea litaba tsa kantle ho naha, ho kenyeletsoa letoto la lisebelisoa ho tloha ho tlhokomeliso ea maemo le ho aha matla ho ea ho melao le li-diplomatic levers. Boiteko bona bohle bo lula bo etsoa ka tlhompho e feletseng ea melao-motheo ea Europe, e kang bolokolohi ba ho ntša maikutlo le bolokolohi ba maikutlo.
Karabelo ea rona e felletseng mabapi le disinformation e ipapisitse le meaho e latelang:
- ho theha maano a ho matlafatsa demokrasi ea rona, ho thatafalletsa batšoantšisi ba litaba tse fosahetseng ho sebelisa marang-rang hampe, le ho sireletsa baqolotsi ba litaba le bongata ba litaba;
- ho hlokomelisa ka disinformation le boitokisetso ba rona le karabelo;
- ho aha botsitso ba sechaba khahlano le boitsebiso bo fosahetseng ka tsebo ea mecha ea litaba le ho hlahloba lintlha;
- tshebedisano mmoho le ditheo tse ding, balaodi ba naha kapa batho ba boraro.
Litsi tsa EU li ntse li khothaletsa mesebetsi e mengata, ho kenyeletsoa matšolo a ho tsebisa batho le mats'oao a ho tseba ho bala le ho ngola mecha ea litaba, ho phahamisa botsitso ba sechaba khahlano le disinformation le thetso ea tlhahisoleseling. Mehlala e kenyelletsa:
- webosaete ea semmuso ea likhetho tsa Europe e nang le karolo ea “Likhetho tse lokolohileng le tse hlokang leeme”;
- a letoto la livideo ke Paramente ea Europe (ka lipuo tse 24 tsa molao tsa EU) ho tsebisa sechaba ka mekhoa e sebelisoang ke batšoantšisi ba disinformation ho thetsa batho;
- a sengoloa ke Paramente ea Europe e nang le malebela a 10 mabapi le mokhoa oa ho sebetsana le disinformation;
- a lethathamo la lisebelisoa bakeng sa matichere ka Khomishene ea Europe mabapi le mokhoa oa ho bona le ho loants'a disinformation;
- letšolo le kopanetsweng la Komisi le Sehlopha sa European Regulators for Audiovisual Media Services ka tsa video ho sebetsa mecheng ea litaba tsa sechaba le ho hasanya ho potoloha EU, ho hlokomelisa ka likotsi tsa disinformation le ho qhekella tlhahisoleseling pele ho likhetho tsa Europe;
- Letoto le inehetseng la lingoliloeng le lintlha tse mabapi le thetso ea tlhahisoleseling le tšitiso ho EEAS' EUvsDisinfo.
Ho na le melao e mecha ea EU
Taolong ena, melao ea bohlokoa e ile ea amoheloa ke babuelli ba molao, joalo ka Digital Services Act (DSA), the Ketso ea AI le Tsamaisa Ponaletso le Maikutlo a Lipapatso tsa Lipolotiki. Nakong ea taelo e fetileng, Paramente ea Europe e Komiti e Khethehileng ea Tšitiso ea Kantle ho Lits'ebetso tsohle tsa Demokerasi ho European Union, ho kenyeletsoa Disinformation (le mohlahlami wa yona) e ile ea boela ea khantša leseli tabeng ea ho kena-kenana le linaha tse ling, ho kenyeletsoa le ho senya litaba, le ho khothalletsa hore sechaba sohle se phethe karolo ea sona, le ka mehato e seng ea molao, ho sebetsana le tsona.
DSA e hloka sethala ho lekola le ho fokotsa likotsi tse amanang le ts'ireletso ea lits'ebetso tsa likhetho, joalo ka disinformation, ho kenyeletsoa ka litaba tse hlahisoang ke AI. DSA e se e sebetsa ka botlalo mme e ntse e sebediswa ke Komisi mabapi le seo se bitswang “li-platform tse kholo haholo tsa marang-rang” (ke hore ba fihlang bonyane basebelisi ba limilione tse 45 EU kapa 10% ea baahi ba EU). Tabeng ena, Komisi e se e buletse linyeoe khahlanong le X 'me Meta - bakeng sa Instagram le Facebook - ka litlolo tse ka bang teng tsa DSA tse amanang le botšepehi ba likhetho. Ka lehlakoreng la thibelo, ka Hlakubele 2024, Komisi e ile ea amohela tataiso ea likhetho, ho hopola mehato eo lipolanete li lokelang ho e nka ho netefatsa hore ho latela melao. Ka Mmesa 2024, Khomishene e boetse e hlophisitse tlhahlobo ea boithaopo ea khatello ea maikutlo ka li-platform tsena tse khethiloeng, mekhatlo ea sechaba le balaoli ba naha. Khomishene e ntse e le dipuisanong tse tswelang pele le mapatlelo ho netefatsa hore ho kenngwa tshebetsong ka katleho le ho latelwa ha DSA.
Bakeng sa boitsebiso bo eketsehileng bona bokamorao.
