Ua hoʻoikaika nā haʻawina hou i nā hopohopo e pili ana i nā miliona o nā keiki US-he nui nā ʻōpio ma mua o ʻelima-a me nā ʻōpio e lawe ana i nā antipsychotics, antidepressants, a me nā mea hoʻoulu, ʻoiai nā pilikia, me ka maʻi diabetes a me ka make.
Na CCHR International
ʻO ka ʻīlio mālama ola kino noʻonoʻo
September 27, 2021
ʻO kahi noiʻi hou e pili ana i ka polypharmacy i nā preschoolers e hōʻike ana i nā keiki ma lalo o ʻeono mau makahiki i kuhikuhi ʻia i nā antipsychotics e hāʻawi ʻia i ʻehā a ʻoi aku nā lāʻau psychotropic i ka manawa i loko o ʻelima mau makahiki. ʻO nā keiki hānai ka mea pilikia loa, no ka mea, ua ʻōlelo ʻia nā lāʻau hoʻololi noʻonoʻo ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o nā keiki ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka haʻawina i paʻi ʻia ma Nā lawelawe noʻonoʻo loiloi i nā lāʻau antipsychotic no nā keiki kula haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, i hōʻike ʻia ma Kentucky.[1] ʻO ka mea kiaʻi ʻoihana olakino noʻonoʻo, Citizens Commission on Human Rights International (CCHR) ua nānā i ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "ka lāʻau lapaʻau keiki nui" ma US, ʻoi aku hoʻi me nā uka Antipsyychtics, hiki ke alakaʻi i ka maʻi maʻi a me ka make a kāhea aku i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nānā.
"Ke hopohopo nei au ʻaʻole maopopo mākou i ka pilikia o kēia mau lāʻau."
W. David Lohr, Kumu noiʻi, Kulanui o Louisville, Kentucky
Ke kiʻi nei i ka ʻO IQVia Hui Pū ʻIa Pūnaewele Tracker maʻi no 2020, Ua hōʻike ʻo CCHR he 829,372 o ka poʻe o 17 mau makahiki a ʻoi aʻe i ka antipsychotics, ʻo ia ka 30,632 o nā makahiki ʻaʻole i ʻelima mau makahiki. Ma muli o ke aʻo ʻana a Kentucky a me ka hoʻohana ʻana iā IQ Via, hiki i kahi keiki 20,421 i manaʻo ʻia i ka pilikia o ka polypharmacy ma ka makahiki 10. Ma ka ʻāina, ua kuhikuhi ʻia nā mea hoʻoikaika i 3.15 miliona mau makahiki 0-17 makahiki, nona ka 58,091 mau makahiki 0. -5 a me 2.15 miliona lawe antidepressants, me 35,216 makahiki 0-5.[2]
ka Nā lawelawe noʻonoʻo Ua ʻike ka haʻawina he 91% o nā maʻi i kuhikuhi ʻia i ka psychotropics, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia nā antipsychotics e mālama iā ADHD i nā keiki liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka hopohopo a me nā maʻi e pili ana i ka trauma i helu ʻia no 64% o nā maʻi a me nā maʻi autism spectrum, 43%. ʻO ka hōʻike ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma waena o ka awelika o 1.7 a me 2.6 mau makahiki, akā ʻo 27% i kuhikuhi ʻia i kēia mau makahiki ma mua o ʻehā makahiki.[3]
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo CCHR, ʻo nā hōʻailona o ADHD he mea koʻikoʻi loa ia e hiki ke kuhi hewa ʻia kekahi keiki. ʻO nā hōʻailona e pili ana i ka paʻi manamana lima, fidgetiness, a me ka hana ʻole i ka hana, "hyperactive" a i ʻole "impulsive," ʻaʻole i hoʻolohe i ke kumu, a pēlā aku. ʻAʻohe hoʻokolohua olaola e hōʻoia i ka ADHD. ʻO nā keiki liʻiliʻi loa i loko o ka lumi papa a hiki i ka 50% ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka poʻe mua loa e ʻike ʻia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia.
ʻO kahi papahana i paʻiʻia ma ʻO JAMA Pūnaewele I ka mahina o Kepakemapa 2021, ua loiloi ʻia nā haʻawina 334 i paʻi ʻia i nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio ke ʻike ʻia nei nā keiki liʻiliʻi ma muli o ko lākou "pilikia ʻole."[4]
Ke hoʻohana nei i ka ʻikepili mai Kentucky Medicaid koi mai 2012 a 2017, ua paʻi ʻia ka haʻawina ma Nā lawelawe noʻonoʻo Ua loaʻa iā 31% o nā keiki 316 i hoʻomaka ʻia ma kahi antipsychotic ma 2012 (ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻeono makahiki) i pau, i nā makahiki ʻelima e hiki mai ana, ua kuhikuhi ʻia ʻehā a ʻoi aku paha nā papa lāʻau. Eia hou, 65% o ka hui 2012 kumu i hoʻopau ʻia i ʻekolu mau lāʻau i nā makahiki ʻelima e hiki mai ana. ʻO ka poʻe me ka autism a i ʻole ka mālama hānai ua pau ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka manawa lōʻihi ma mua o nā keiki ʻē aʻe.
Ua haʻi aku ka mea noiʻi ʻo Professor W. David Lohr mai ke Kulanui o Louisville Nūhou Spectrum, “Ke hopohopo nei au ʻaʻole maopopo mākou i ka pilikia o kēia mau lāʻau. Hoʻopili ʻia lākou me nā hopena ʻaoʻao e like me ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaumaha, ka nui o ka pilikia o nā pilikia metabolic, a me nā maʻi neʻe. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā antipsychotics ma waho-label e mālama i nā ʻano hoʻohaunaele. "Ua ʻike pū mākou i kā mākou cohort ʻaʻole loaʻa nā keiki he nui i nā haʻawina lab pono e nānā i kā lākou glucose a me nā lipids [momona, ʻaila, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe] i ka pane ʻana i kēia mau lāʻau." Makemake ʻo Kauka Lohr e ʻike i nā papahana mālama mālama pale.[5]
ʻO nā antipsychotics i kauoha ʻia i nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio ke piʻi aʻe ka pilikia o ka maʻi maʻi type 2 hiki ke hoʻonui me ka kumulative dose.[6]
Manaʻo ʻo CCHR e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kinikona ikaika a hoʻololi i ka naʻau mai ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā keiki.
Risperidone ʻO ka papa inoa o nā antipsychotics ma 93% i ukali ʻia e ʻO Aripiprazole ma 32%; hoʻokumu ʻia ka amphetamine nā mea hoʻonāukiuki Ua kuhikuhi ʻia ma 72% o nā hihia, kahi i hōʻike ʻia ai ka methylphenidate he 61%. Nā hōʻaihopiho ua kuhikuhi ʻia ma 63% o nā hihia.[7]
Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Risperidone i ka ulu ʻana o ka umauma kāne, i kapa ʻia ʻo gynecomastia i nā keikikāne; ʻo kekahi o nā maʻi i hoʻopilikia ʻia he ʻehā paha.[8]
Wahi a nā hopena noiʻi i hōʻike ʻia ma kahi hōʻike ʻo Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā antipsychotics atypical ma mua o ka ʻepekema a me nā hōʻike lapaʻau e kākoʻo ana i ko lākou palekana a me ka pono. I ka makahiki 2015, hoʻokahi wale nō antipsychotic i ʻae ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana ma lalo o ʻelima mau makahiki no ka huhū pili me ka autism. Ua ʻae ʻia kēia a me kekahi antipsychotic e mālama i nā makahiki ʻeono a ʻeiwa.[9]
Ua hoʻopukaʻia ka palapala 2019 ma Kāleka JAMA Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia hoʻi nā hopohopo i loko o ke kaiāulu olakino e pili ana i nā antipsychotics. Ua nānā ʻia kahi noiʻi nānā i ka ʻikepili o kahi kokoke i 248,000 mau keiki a me nā ʻōpio ʻōpio ma Tennessee mai ka makahiki 5 a hiki i ka 24 i kākau inoa ʻia ma Medicaid ma waena o 1999 a me 2014. ʻO ka poʻe ʻōpio i hāʻawi ʻia i kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o kahi antipsychotic he 3.5 mau manawa kiʻekiʻe o ka pilikia. make i manaʻo ʻole ʻia ma mua o ka hui hoʻomalu. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Wayne A. Ray, Ph.D., ka mea kākau alakaʻi a me ke kaukaʻi o ke kulekele olakino ma Vanderbilt University School of Medicine ma Tennessee, "Ua hōʻike nā ʻike i ka hopohopo e pili ana i nā make e pili ana i nā antipsychotics i nā poʻe ʻōpio he hopena koʻikoʻi i ke olakino lehulehu. ” Ua ʻōlelo pū ʻo ia he pono nā ala ʻē aʻe.[10]
Ua hana pū ʻo CCHR me nā hui o nā mākua e pale i nā keiki mai ke koi ʻia ʻana e lawe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau psychotropic ma ke ʻano he koi no kā lākou hoʻonaʻauao. Ua hoʻopaʻi hewa ʻia kekahi mau mākua i ko lākou haʻalele ʻana i kā lākou keiki-ma lalo o nā ʻōlelo aʻo olakino-mai kahi lāʻau lapaʻau psychiatric. Ua alakaʻi kēia i ka CCHR i loaʻa i ka Federal Child Medication Safety hoʻololi i ka makahiki 2004 e pāpā ana i nā kula mai ke koi ʻana i nā keiki kula i nā lāʻau psychotropic e noho i ke kula. Ua kākau ʻo CCHR i nā make he nui o nā keiki mai ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau psychiatric.
Makemake ʻo CCHR e ʻike i nā mana ʻoi aku ka paʻa o ka mālama olakino noʻonoʻo o nā keiki, me ka pāpā ʻia ʻana o kekahi hoʻoweliweli psychiatric i hoʻohana ʻia i nā keiki a me ke kuleana no ka hōʻeha ʻia a i ʻole ka make ʻana ma muli o nā lāʻau psychotropic a i ʻole mālama electroshock. Pono nā mākua hōʻike i kekahi hana ʻino i CCHR.
Ua hoʻokumu pū ka hui i kahi KauaNaKids punaewele e hāʻawi pono ana i ka ʻike makua.
E hoʻomaopopo ':
[1] Niko McCarty, "Q&A me W. David Lohr: Antipsychotics, polypharmacy ma waena o nā keiki preschoolers autistic," Nūhou uila, 21 Kepakemapa 2021, https://www.spectrumnews.org/opinion/qa-with-w-david-lohr-antipsychotics-polypharmacy-among-autistic-preschoolers/
[2] https://www.cchrint.org/psychiatric-drugs/children-on-psychiatric-drugs/
[3] W. David Lohr, ¶ AL., "Nā Laʻau Antipsychotic no nā kamaliʻi liʻiliʻi loaʻa kālā: lōʻihi lōʻihi a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau Psychotropic Polypharmacy," Nā lawelawe noʻonoʻo, 2 Sepatemaba 2021, https://ps.psychiatryonline.org/doi/10.1176/appi.ps.202000673
[4] ʻO Kauka Evelyn Lewin, "Ua ʻike ʻia ka noiʻi ʻana ua ʻike ʻia ka ADHD, akā ʻaʻole maopopo ka poʻe loea," Puke Lapaau Lapaau, 22 Kepakemapa 2021, https://medicaldailyjournal.com/2021/09/22/research-finds-adhd-is-overdiagnosed-but-experts-remain-unconvinced/
[5] Op. cit., Nūhou uila, 21 Sept. 2021
[6] Samaras K, Correll CU, ¶ AL., "Hoʻemi ʻia ka pilikia o ka maʻi diabetes i nā ʻōpio a me nā keiki e loaʻa ana i nā antipsychotics," Kāleka JAMA. 2014 Feb;71(2):209-10. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.4030, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23965896/
[7] Op. cit., Nūhou uila, 21 Sept. 2021
[8] https://www.dolmanlaw.com/risperdal-dangerous-side-effects/
[9] "Atypical Antipsychotic Medications: Use in Pediatric Patients," The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Medicaid Integrity Group (MIG), Dept. of Health and Human Services, Oct 2015, https://www.cms.gov/Medicare -Medicaid-Coordination/Fraud-Prevention/Medicaid-Integrity-Education/Pharmacy-Education-Materials/Downloads/atyp-antipsych-pediatric-factsheet11-14.pdf
[10] Brian Mastroianni, "Hiki i nā keiki ke loaʻa i nā hopena koʻikoʻi mai nā lāʻau antipsychotic," Healthline, 9 Ian. 2019, https://www.healthline.com/health-news/antipsychotic-meds-may-be-deadly-for-some-children
