I loko o ka noiʻi hou, ua hoʻohana nā ʻepekema i nā tausani o nā kaʻina genome kanaka. Ua paʻi ʻia nā hopena ma ka puke pai Science.
Ua hana nā kānaka ʻepekema i lāʻau ʻohana no nā kānaka a pau e hōʻuluʻulu i ka pili ʻana o nā kānaka a pau e ola nei i kēia lā i kekahi i kekahi a me ko mākou mau kūpuna kahiko. No ke kūkulu ʻana, kānana nā mea noiʻi i nā kaukani genome sequences i hōʻiliʻili ʻia mai nā kānaka hou a me nā kānaka kahiko. Ua hoʻohana pū lākou i ka ʻikepili mai nā ʻohana kanaka kahiko. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā genome a pau mai 215 mau kānaka i hoʻopuehu ʻia a puni ka honua.
Ke hoʻohana nei i kahi algorithm computer, ua ʻike nā ʻepekema i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka hoʻololi genetic i nā kaʻina, e hōʻike ana i kahi e uhi ai a ʻokoʻa. Ma muli o nā hiʻohiʻona, ua kaha nā mea noiʻi i nā laina kuʻuna o ka iho ma waena o nā genome.
No ke kūkulu ʻana i ka moʻokūʻauhau kanaka i hui pū ʻia, ua hui mua nā mea noiʻi i nā ʻikepili mai nā ʻikepili lehulehu nui, me ka 1000 Genomes Project, ka Human Genome Diversity Project, a me ka Simons Genome Diversity Project. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻikepili no nā kānaka kahiko, akā ua loaʻa i nā kānaka ʻepekema 8 mau genomes hominin kahiko kiʻekiʻe. Aia ma waena o lākou ʻekolu mau genomes Neanderthal, ʻo kekahi o ia mau mea ma mua o 100,000 mau makahiki; Denisovan genome, 74,000 a 82,000 makahiki; a ʻehā mau genome mai kahi ʻohana nuklea i noho ma nā mauna ʻo Altai ma Rusia ma kahi o 4,600 mau makahiki i hala.
Ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i kahi lāʻau ʻohana, ua alakaʻi nā ʻepekema i kahi kānana ʻāina. Ua hōʻoia lākou i ka neʻe ʻana o ke kanaka mai ʻApelika a loaʻa pū kekahi i nā hōʻike kūpono no ka launa pū ʻana ma waena o Homo sapiens a me nā hominins i pau i kēia manawa.
Nānā: Hōʻike kēlā me kēia laina i kēia kiʻi i ka pilina o nā kūpuna a me nā mamo i loko o ka moʻokūʻauhau hou o nā genome hou a me ka wā kahiko. Kiʻi: Moʻokūʻauhau hui o nā genomes hou a me ka wā kahiko, Science (2022). Doi: 10.1126/science.abi8264
