Hoʻolauna mākou iā ʻoe i ka huaʻōlelo pyrolysis a pehea ka hopena o ke kaʻina hana i ke olakino kanaka a me ke ʻano.
ʻO ka pyrolysis ʻo Tire kahi kaʻina e hoʻohana ai i ka wela kiʻekiʻe a me ka nele o ka oxygen e wāwahi i nā kaʻa i ke kalapona, wai a me nā huahana kinoea. Hana ʻia kēia kaʻina hana i nā hoʻonohonoho kūikawā i kapa ʻia nā mea kanu pyrolysis.
ʻO ka manaʻo kumu o ka pyrolysis tire ʻo ia ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka mea hao i nā huahana waiwai, e like me ke kalapona, nā wahie wai (ʻaila pyrolytic) a me nā kinoea.
ʻAʻole pono e wehe ʻia kahi mea kanu pyrolysis i loko o nā palena o ke kūlanakauhale. ʻO ka lāʻau pyrolysis kaʻa e hoʻopilikia maoli i ke olakino o nā kānaka. ʻAʻole liʻiliʻi nā pilikia, a ʻo nā mea a pau e pilikia ai ke olakino o ka poʻe o ke kūlanakauhale, he piliwaiwai ʻaʻole mākou e lawe. ʻO ka pōʻino mai ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana mai ka hoʻokomo ʻana a ʻelua mau pilikia nui - i ke olakino o nā kānaka a me ka kaiaola.
NA HANA POINO I KA PYROLYSIS O NA PILI
E ʻike kākou i ke ʻano o ia mau mea a pehea ka hopena.
ʻO nā mea kinoea i hoʻokuʻu ʻia mai kahi mea kanu pyrolysis huila:
• CH₄ – Methane
• C₂H₄ – Ethylene
• C₂H₆ – ʻEtana
• C₃H₈ – Propane
• CO – Carbon monoxide (Carbon Monoxide)
• CO₂ – Carbon dioxide (Carbon Dioxide)
• H₂S – Hydrogen Sulfide
Puna – https://www.wastetireoil.com/Pyrolysis_faq/Pyrolysis_Plant/can_the_exhaust_gas_from_waste_tire_pyrolysis_plant_be_recycled_1555.html#
Hoʻihoʻi ʻia nā mea 1-4 e puhi i loko o ka reactor, e hoʻoulu i ke kaʻina pyrolysis.
Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole e wela ka H₂S, CO, a me CO₂ - hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, a me carbon dioxide a hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka lewa.
KA PONO O NA HANA PONO I NA KANAKA
Eia ke ʻano o kā lākou hopena:
ʻO ka hydrogen sulfide (H2S)
ʻO 1% wale nō o ka sulfur huila i loaʻa i ka wai pyrolysis, hoʻokuʻu ʻia ke koena i ka lewa e like me ka hydrogen sulphide.
Puna - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0165237000000917
ʻO ka hydrogen sulfide kekahi o nā kinoea kaulana loa i ʻona i ke olakino kanaka. He kinoea holo wikiwiki loa, ʻawaʻawa, kala ʻole me ke ʻala o nā hua popopo. Ma nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, hoʻoulu ka hydrogen sulfide i ka maka, ka ihu, a me ka ʻāʻī. Hiki i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ke hoʻoulu i ke poʻo, ka noʻonoʻo, nausea a me ka luaʻi, a me ka ʻuʻu a me ka pilikia o ka hanu. Hiki i nā pae kiʻekiʻe ke hoʻoulu i ka haʻalulu, ka ʻāʻī, ke koma a me ka make. Ma keʻano laulā, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka ʻike, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o nā hōʻailona.
Source – https://wwwn.cdc.gov/TSP/MMG/MMGDetails.aspx?mmgid=385&toxid=67#:~:text=At%20low%20levels%2C%20hydrogen%20sulfide,convulsions%2C%20coma%2C %20and%20death.
Eia kekahi, ma waho aʻe o ke olakino kanaka, pili pū ia i ke kaiapuni. ʻO ka hydrogen sulfide, ke komo ʻana i ka lewa, huli koke i ka sulfuric acid (H2SO4), a no laila ke kumu o ka ua waikawa.
Puna- http://www.met.reading.ac.uk/~qq002439/aferraro_sulphcycle.pdf
Pono e ʻōlelo ʻia, ʻaʻole pono mākou e hana i kekahi hana e hoʻonui ai i nā pae o kēia kinoea ʻawaʻawa kokoke i ko mākou wahi e noho ai.
Haawe Monoxide (CO)
ʻO ka carbon monoxide kekahi kinoea ʻawaʻawa ʻaʻole mākou makemake i loko o ko mākou mau home.
Hoʻopilikia ia i ke olakino ma o kāna pane ʻana me ka hemoglobin i loko o ke koko. ʻO ka Hemoglobin ka pūhui e hoʻolako i nā cell me ka oxygen. ʻOi aku ka pili o ka hemoglobin ma mua o 200 mau manawa kiʻekiʻe no ka CO ma mua o ka oxygen, no laila ke hoʻololi nei ia i ka oxygen i loko o ke koko ma mua o nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, e alakaʻi maikaʻi ana i ka ʻeha ma ka pae kelepona.
He ʻokoʻa nā hopena i ke olakino kanaka. Ma nā hōʻike kiʻekiʻe loa, hiki i kēia kinoea ke hoʻoulu i ka hahau, nalowale ka ʻike a me ka make o nā ʻāpana o ka lolo a me ke kanaka ponoʻī. Ma nā hōʻike haʻahaʻa, loaʻa nā hopena ʻano maʻalahi, e laʻa me ka haʻihaʻi ʻana o ke aʻo ʻana, ka emi ʻana o ka makaʻala, ka hana ʻino ʻana o nā hana paʻakikī, hoʻonui ʻia ka manawa pane. Hōʻike pū ʻia kēia mau hōʻailona ma nā pae i loaʻa i loko o kahi kaona maʻamau ma kahi kokoke i nā kikowaena hana. ʻIke ʻia kekahi mau hopena i ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular.
Kalepona Dioxide (CO2)
ʻO ka carbon dioxide, ma waho aʻe o ka lilo ʻana i ke kinoea ʻōmaʻomaʻo, he kinoea ʻē aʻe i loaʻa i nā pōʻino olakino he nui i nā helu kiʻekiʻe.
Puna - https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-019-0323-1
Hea nā metals
Hoʻololi ʻo Pyrolysis ma nā mahana ma luna o 700 °C i nā metala kaumaha e like me Pb a me Cd (lead a me cadmium) mai ka wai a i ke kinoea.
Source – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7831513/#:~:text=It%20is%20known%20that%20Cd,heavy%20metals%20Cd%20and%20Pb.
Ua kākau nui ʻia ko lākou pōʻino i ke kino kanaka no nā makahiki a maopopo i ka ʻepekema.
alakai
Hiki i ka lāʻau make ke hoʻoulu i nā pilikia hānau i nā kāne a me nā wahine, ke koko kiʻekiʻe, ka maʻi kīkī, nā pilikia digestive, nā maʻi hopohopo, nā pilikia hoʻomanaʻo a me ka noʻonoʻo, ka emi nui o ka IQ, a me ka ʻeha a me ka ʻeha. Aia kekahi mau hōʻike e hiki ke alakaʻi i ka maʻi maʻi i nā pākeke.
Source – https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/lead-and-health#:~:text=Lead%20poisoning%20can%20cause%20reproductive,result%20in%20cancer%20in%20adults.
ʻO Cadmium
ʻO ka Cadmium ke kumu o ka demineralization a me ka nāwaliwali o nā iwi, e hoʻemi i ka hana o ka māmā a hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka maʻi kanesa.
Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19106447/#:~:text=Cd%20can%20also%20cause%20bone,the%20risk%20of%20lung%20cancer.
ʻO nā mea hoʻohaumia kaiapuni koʻikoʻi ʻeono, hoʻopuka ka pyrolysis i ka 4 o lākou. ʻO lākou ke kēpau, carbon monoxide, nā ʻāpana lepo maikaʻi, a me ka hydrogen sulfide. ʻAʻole hana ʻia ka ozone a me ka nitrogen dioxide wale nō.
Puna - https://www.in.gov/idem/files/factsheet_oaq_criteria_pb.pdf
PANINA
ʻO ka Pyrolysis kahi hana pōʻino ʻaʻole pono e ʻae ʻia ma kahi kokoke i nā wahi noho. Hiki ke loaʻa nā ʻatikala he nui ma ka pūnaewele e wehewehe ana i kēia kaʻina hana he 'pōʻino ʻole a pili i ke kaiapuni', akā kākau ʻia lākou a pau e nā hui kūʻai aku i nā lako ponoʻī. Ua wehewehe ʻia ʻo ia ke koho ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ma mua o ke puhi ʻana i nā kaila ma ke ākea. He hoʻohālikelike lapuwale kēia, no ka mea, aia nā ala hoʻomau e hoʻohana hou ai i nā kaila. No ka laʻana, ʻokiʻoki iā lākou a hoʻohana iā lākou ma ke ʻano he ʻili i ke kaona o ke kūlanakauhale (no nā kahua pāʻani, ma nā paka, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), a hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia i ka asphalt.
Hoʻopuka maopopo ʻo Pyrolysis i nā hoʻokuʻu e alakaʻi i ka pōʻino i ke olakino kanaka a me ke kaiapuni. No ka nui o kona mau hopena, ʻaʻole pono e ʻae ʻia e hana ʻia ma kahi kokoke i nā wahi noho, e waiho wale i ke kikowaena o ke kūlanakauhale, e hahai ana i ke ʻano o nā ʻāina haumia nui e like me India a me Pakistan.
