Lub Norwegian University of Science thiab Technology tau nthuav tawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshawb fawb uas tshawb xyuas "wizard" sim. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau pom tias qhov kev sim siab zoo sib xws hauv Norway tsis tas mus txog rau xyoo pua 18th, thiab ntau pua tus neeg raug liam raug tua. Raws li kev tshaj tawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv, "kev yos hav zoov" tau nthuav dav hauv Norway hauv 16th thiab 17th centuries. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tau muab, kwv yees li 750 tus neeg nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd raug liam ntawm kev ua khawv koob thiab kwv yees li 300 ntawm lawv raug txim tuag. Ntau qhov kev tsis zoo no tau raug hlawv ntawm ceg txheem ntseeg. Cov kws tshawb fawb kuj tau sau tseg tias ntawm cov neeg tua "wizards" muaj ntau tus lej ntawm Saami. Piv txwv li, ntawm 91 tus neeg raug txim tuag hauv Finnmark thaum lub sijhawm saud, 18 yog Saami. Cov ntaub ntawv rau kev kawm ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb tau dhau los ua cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb hauv tsev hais plaub ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd. Lawv txoj kev tshawb fawb tau tso cai nthuav tawm qee cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov txheej txheem.
Yog li, tus kws sau keeb kwm Ellen Alm tau tsim los ntawm tsev hais plaub cov ntaub ntawv uas peb Sámi raug liam ntawm kev ua khawv koob: Finn-Kristin, Ann Aslaxdatter thiab Henrik Meraker. Qhov kawg ntawm lawv thaum kawg raug txiav txim tuag. "Vim tias ntau Saami muaj lub npe nrov Norwegian, tej zaum yuav muaj ntau dua," cov kws tshawb fawb sau tseg.
Cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm tau txheeb xyuas ntau qhov laj thawj yog vim li cas qhov kev tsim txom phem ntawm kev ua khawv koob tau xaus rau xyoo pua 18th. Thaum lub sij hawm "dab ntxwg nyoog" kev sim siab ntawm 16th thiab 17th centuries, kev siv kev tsim txom los tshem tawm kev lees txim yog txhaum cai, thiab raug txim "cov neeg ua phem" raug txwv tsis pub ua tim khawv. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias tus neeg raug txim "dab" tsis tuaj yeem nthuav tawm cov npe ntawm lwm tus "witches". Anne-Sophie Schötner Skaar hais tias "Tab sis tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim hauv kev ua khawv koob, txoj cai feem ntau ua rau qhov muag tsis pom kev," hais tias tus kws sau ntawv Anne-Sophie Schötner Skaar. - Kev tsim txom raug siv thiab raug txim "dab dab" raug yuam kom hu lawv "accomplice". Tsab ntawv ntawm txoj cai tau raug txhais txawv heev thiab qhov no tau coj mus rau ntau qhov kev sim siab "dab ntxwg nyoog". “Tab sis thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th, kev txiav txim plaub ntug pib hloov. Qee tus kws txiav txim plaub tau nruj dua, thov cov pov thawj tsim nyog thiab tsis zam kev siv kev tsim txom ntxiv lawm. "
Txog rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th, ntau thiab ntau tus kws txiav txim plaub tau pib ua raws li txoj cai, uas ua rau nws nyuaj rau coj teeb meem kev ua khawv koob rau hauv tsev hais plaub. "Koj tuaj yeem ua pov thawj qhov kev ua txhaum cai li cas yog tias nws tsis tuaj yeem lees txais yuam ib tus neeg lees txim?" - qhov no yog lo lus nug los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb niaj hnub no, sau tseg tias thaum kev tsim txom ntawm kev ua khawv koob tau tso tseg, lwm yam kev tswj hwm thiab kev sib ntaus sib tua tshwm sim. kev ntseeg Saami: cov tub txib tau tshwm sim ntawm qhov chaw. Schötner-Skaar hais tias "Nws zoo li cov tub txib tau coj los ntawm kev txiav txim plaub ntug rau 'koom nrog' nrog Saami kev ntseeg thiab kev coj ua," Schötner-Skaar hais. Muaj pov thawj zoo rau qhov no nyob rau hauv cov tub txib saum ntuj nyob rau tiam kaum yim.
“Ib txhia ntawm cov tub txib saum ntuj no yog qhov txaus ntshai nyeem. Peb pom cov lus piav qhia ntawm Saami koom nrog "dab ntxwg nyoog khawv koob". Cov ntawv tshaj tawm txoj moo zoo qhia tau tias kev ntseeg Saami tseem raug txhais los ntawm qee tus ua khawv koob thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm dab ntxwg nyoog, txawm hais tias kev txiav txim plaub ntug tsis zoo li xav ua raws li qhov no, "nws hais.
Tus pov thawj Johan Randulf, tus sau phau ntawv Neroi Manuscript, tau sau tias “South Saami muaj ntau ntau tus vajtswv, tab sis lawv txhua tus yog dab ntxwg nyoog: 'Kuv paub tias nws, nrog rau tag nrho lwm tus [Saami vajtswv] yog dab ntxwg nyoog nws tus kheej. ' - qhov no yog li cas tus pov thawj piav txog ib qho ntawm Sab Qab Teb Saami gods, thiab kuj piav txog yoik, cov nkauj Saami ib txwm muaj, raws li "Txiv neej zaj nkauj".
Yees duab: Ib daim ntawv los ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th muaj cov ntaub ntawv Margareta Mortendatter Trefault, liam ntawm kev ua khawv koob / Digital Archives
