M'zaka zaposachedwapa, nkhawa za kufalikira kwa microplastics zakula. Zili m’nyanja, ngakhale mu nyama ndi zomera, ndipo m’madzi a m’mabotolo timamwa tsiku lililonse.
Ma microplastics akuwoneka kuti ali paliponse. Ndipo chomwe chiri chosasangalatsa kwambiri ndichakuti siziri paliponse pozungulira ife, komanso mosayembekezereka m'thupi la munthu.
Malinga ndi ofufuza a ku yunivesite ya New Mexico, ma microplastics ochokera m'madzi ndi zakudya zomwe timadya, komanso mpweya umene timapuma, umachokera m'matumbo kupita ku ziwalo zina za thupi, monga impso, chiwindi komanso ubongo. .
Kuti afikitse mfundo yatsopanoyi, kwa milungu inayi asayansi anapatsa mbewa madzi ndi kuchuluka kwa ma microplastics omwe anthu amaganiza kuti amamwa mlungu uliwonse. Kafukufuku wam'mbuyomu wasonyeza kuti magalamu asanu a microplastic amalowa m'thupi la munthu sabata iliyonse, yomwe imakhala yolemera ngati kirediti kadi.
Malinga ndi a Eliseo Castillo, pulofesa wothandizira wa gastroenterology ndi hepatology ku University of New Mexico School of Medicine, kutulukira kuti ma microplastics akupanga njira yawo kuchokera m'matumbo kupita ku minofu ina m'thupi la munthu. Malingana ndi iye, amasintha maselo a chitetezo cha mthupi, otchedwa macrophages, ndipo izi zingayambitse kutupa m'thupi.
Komanso, pa kafukufuku wina, Dr. Castillo afotokoza mmene zakudya za munthu zimakhudzira mmene ma microplastic amayamwiridwa ndi thupi.
Iye ndi gulu lake azipereka nyama za labu ku zakudya zingapo zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza imodzi yamafuta ambiri ndi ina yokhala ndi fiber. Zidutswa za microplastic zidzakhala mbali ya "menyu" ya nyama zina, pamene ena sadzakhala.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku wofalitsidwa m'magazini yotchedwa Environmental Pollution, komabe, mosasamala kanthu za mtundu wa chakudya chomwe timadya, palibe microplastics yothawa. Asayansi apeza kuti 90% ya mapuloteni, kuphatikiza njira zina za vegan, ali ndi ma microplastics, omwe amalumikizidwa ndi zoyipa. umoyo zotsatira.
Kodi mapulasitiki owonongeka angathandize?
Kulimbana ndi mapulasitiki ogwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi kwawona makampani ambiri akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina zomwe zimati ndizowonongeka kwambiri kapena compostable. Koma nthawi zina izi zitha kukhala zikuwonjezera vuto la microplastic. Kafukufuku wa asayansi pa yunivesite ya Plymouth ku UK anapeza kuti matumba otchedwa "biodegradable" amatha kutenga zaka kuti awonongeke, ndipo ngakhale pamenepo amasweka kukhala tizidutswa tating'ono m'malo mwa zigawo zawo za mankhwala. (Dziwani zambiri za chifukwa chomwe ma biodegradables sangathetse vuto la pulasitiki m'nkhaniyi ndi Kelly Oakes.)
Nanga bwanji kusintha mabotolo agalasi?
Kusinthanitsa mapaketi apulasitiki kungathandize kuchepetsa kuwonekera - Madzi apampopi amakhala ndi ma microplastic otsika kuposa madzi kuchokera ku mabotolo apulasitiki. Koma zingakhalenso ndi zotsatira za chilengedwe. Pamene Mabotolo agalasi ali ndi chiwongola dzanja chachikulu chobwezeretsanso, nawonso ali nazo malo apamwamba achilengedwe kuposa pulasitiki ndi zotengera zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazamadzimadzi monga makatoni a zakumwa ndi zitini za aluminiyamu. Izi ndichifukwa choti migodi ya silika, yomwe galasi imapangidwa, imatha kuwononga chilengedwe, kuphatikizapo kuwonongeka kwa nthaka ndi kuwonongeka kwa zamoyo zosiyanasiyana. Ngakhale ndi zotengera zopanda pulasitiki izi, ndizovuta kuthawa ma microplastics kwathunthu. Kafukufuku wotsogozedwa ndi Sherri Mason ku Pennsylvania State University apeza kuti sapezeka kokha madzi apampopi, kumene kuipitsidwa kwakukulu kwa pulasitiki kumachokera ku ulusi wa zovala, komanso nyanja mchere ngakhale mowa. Werengani zambiri ngati galasi kapena pulasitiki ndi yabwino kwa chilengedwe.
Kodi pali chilichonse chomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse ma microplastic?
Mwamwayi, pali chiyembekezo. Ofufuza akupanga njira zingapo zothandizira kuchotsa kuipitsidwa kwa pulasitiki m'malo athu. Njira imodzi yakhala yotembenukira ku mafangasi ndi mabakiteriya omwe amadya pulasitiki, ndikuphwanya mkati mwake. Mtundu wa mphutsi zachikumbu zomwe zimatha kumeza polystyrene waperekanso njira ina yothetsera. Ena akuyang'ana kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosefera madzi kapena mankhwala opangira mankhwala omwe amatha kuchotsa microplastics.
