Ukraine: Doka mai cike da cece-kuce kan takunkumin da aka kakaba wa mawallafin bidiyo Anatoliy Sharij da matarsa
BRUSSELS/1 Disamba 2021// A ranar 20 ga Agusta, 2021, Hukumar Tsaro da Tsaro ta Ukraine (NSDC) ta sanya takunkumi kan fitaccen marubucin bidiyo Anatoliy Sharij da matarsa. Sakataren hukumar ta NDC ne ya sanar da hakan. Oleksiy Danilov.
Sharij ya bayyana Human Rights Without Frontiers cewa a lokacin ba a sanar da shi a hukumance game da wannan shawarar ba kuma kwatsam ne ya ci karo da labarai a tashar talabijin ta Ukraine 112.
A ranar 16 Fabrairu, Anatoliy Sharij an zarge shi da laifin cin amanar kasa kuma jami'an tsaro sun gayyace shi domin yi masa tambayoyi Ukraine (SBU) a ranar 22 ga Fabrairu.
Human Rights Ba tare da iyaka ba ya samu damar samun sanarwar tuhume-tuhumen da aka ce ana zarginsa da shi
"Babban cin amanar kasa, watau wani aiki da wani dan kasar Ukraine ya aikata da gangan don cutar da 'yancin kai, mutuncin yanki da kuma rashin cin zarafi na tsaron bayanan Ukraine, wato: ba da taimako ga wata kasa ta waje, kungiyar kasashen waje da wakilansu wajen gudanar da ayyukan ta'addanci a kan kasar. Ukraine, watau aikata wani laifi a karkashin Sashe na 1 na Mataki na 111 na Criminal Code na Ukraine; [...] Tunzura kiyayya da ƙiyayya ta ƙasa, wulaƙanta mutunci da martabar ƙasa, watau laifin aikata laifi ƙarƙashin Sashe na 1 na Mataki na 161 na Kundin Laifukan Yukren.”
Sharij ya musanta cewa ya taba yin irin wannan aika-aikar.
Rikici kan kafafen yada labarai a Ukraine karkashin zargin "cin amanar kasa".
A ranar 2 Fabrairu, Shugaba Zelensky ya rattaba hannu kan wata doka kan kakaba takunkumi kan tashoshi 112 na Ukraine, NewsOne da ZIK TV.
Ta wannan doka, ya aiwatar da hukuncin da hukumar tsaro da tsaro ta kasa ta yanke kan takunkumin da aka kakaba mata dangane da soke lasisin yada labarai. Za su yi aiki har tsawon shekaru biyar.
An ce daruruwan ‘yan jarida da ma’aikata sun rasa aikinsu. A karshen watan Agusta, sun kai kara ga hukumar kare hakkin dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Michelle Bachelet, ga Shugaban Amurka Joseph Biden da kuma Shugaban Majalisar Turai, Charles Michael. Sun kuma gudanar da zanga-zanga a wurare daban-daban a Kyiv, ciki har da kusa da Ofishin Jakadancin Amurka.
Takunkumi a matsayin kayan aikin gwamnatin Yukren
Takunkumin ya zama batun da ya fi daukar hankali a Ukraine. Tabbas, tun farkon shekarar 2021, Ukraine ta yi amfani da adadin sabbin takunkumi kan kamfanonin kasashen waje da na Ukraine da kuma 'yan kasar, da kuma sauran kasashe. Wannan manufar ta haifar da tattaunawa da yawa game da rawar da waɗannan matakan taƙaddama ke kaiwa ga ɗimbin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo.
Dokar Ukraine "Akan Takunkumi" tana aiki tun watan Agustan 2014. An karbe ta ne saboda bukatar fuskantar barazana ga tsaron kasa na Ukraine dangane da mamaye yankin Crimea na Rasha da kuma rikicin Donbas.
Dalilin takunkumi shine ayyukan haifar da haƙiƙa ko yuwuwar barazana ga muradun ƙasa, tsaro na ƙasa, ikon mallaka da amincin yanki na Ukraine ko haɓaka ayyukan ta'addanci da / ko take haƙƙin ɗan adam ko ɗan adam da yanci, bukatun jama'a da na ƙasa. Misali, ana iya amfani da takunkumi don tallafawa mamaye yankin Crimea, mamayar Donbas; cyberattacks a kan muhimman ababen more rayuwa; barazanar bayanai, gami da farfagandar ra'ayin 'yan aware a cikin yankin Ukraine; goyon bayan tattalin arziki (kasuwanci) dangantakar a cikin dan lokaci shagaltar da yankin na Ukraine, da dai sauransu.
Sharij bai yarda da daya daga cikin wadannan ayyuka a matsayin nasa a tsarin aikinsa na jarida ba. Alal misali, a koyaushe yana cewa Crimea da dukan Donbas yanki ne na Ukraine.
Dokar ta ƙunshi nau'ikan takunkumi 24, ciki har da toshe kadarori, ƙuntata ayyukan kasuwanci, dakatar da jigilar kayayyaki, jiragen sama da sufuri ta Ukraine, hana zirga-zirgar babban birnin Ukraine, dakatar da wajibcin tattalin arziki da kuɗi, sokewa ko dakatar da lasisi da sauran izini. , da dai sauransu.
A shari’ar Sharij kuwa, “ba a mutunta zato ba a yi laifi ba, an kuma yi gaggawar daukar wasu takunkumai da dama, ba tare da la’akari da ka’idojin shari’a da ake da su ba, kamar daskarar da asusun bankinmu, da hana ayyukanmu na kasuwanci, da dai sauransu. ”, in ji shi Human Rights Without Frontiers.
An yanke shawarar sanya takunkumi ta wata kungiya mai daidaitawa ta musamman karkashin Shugaban Ukraine - Hukumar Tsaro da Tsaro ta Ukraine (NSDC) bisa shawarwarin Verkhovna Rada na Ukraine, Shugaban Ukraine, Majalisar Ministoci. da National Bank of Ukraine da kuma Tsaro Service na Ukraine.
Ana aiwatar da hukunce-hukuncen Kwamitin Tsaro da Tsaro na kasa da umarnin shugaban Ukraine kuma yana aiki.
Abin lura shi ne cewa dan Ukrainian Kamfanin lauya ya yi nazari tare da sukar manyan batutuwa na Dokar da ke tsara takunkumi a matsayin wani kayan aiki da gwamnati za ta iya yin amfani da shi ta hanyar da ba ta dace ba don rufe bakin jam'iyyun adawa, kafofin watsa labaru, da 'yan jarida.
Ra'ayin OSCE
Last but not least, da OSCE Wakilin 'Yancin Kafafen Yada Labarai Teresa Ribeiro bayar wani saki jarida a ranar 25 ga watan Agusta inda ta bayyana damuwarta game da al'adar Ukraine na yin amfani da takunkumin da ya yi mummunan tasiri ga ayyukan kafofin yada labaru da 'yan jarida.
"Yayin da Ukraine na da haƙƙin haƙƙin kare tsaron ƙasarta, ya kamata hukumomi su samar da daidaito da daidaito wajen magance matsalolin da suka shafi kafofin watsa labarai. damuwa, mafita da ke kiyaye yawan kafofin watsa labaru, watsa labarai kyauta da bambancin ra'ayi daidai da ka'idojin kasa da kasa da kuma alkawurran OSCE," in ji Ribeiro.
"'Yancin kafofin watsa labarai ya dogara da lafiya, mai fa'ida, da fage mai fa'ida, wanda ya haɗa da muryoyin da ke ba da labarai iri-iri. Duk wani takunkumin da aka sanya wa kafafen yada labarai ya kamata a yi nazari a hankali, tare da ingantattun tsare-tsare don hana tsangwama mara kyau."
Wakiliyar OSCE akan 'Yancin Kafafen Yada Labarai Teresa Ribeiro
Kuma ta nuna mata hukumomin Ukraine Sanarwa "A kan 'yancin kafofin watsa labaru don tattarawa, bayar da rahoto da yada bayanai, labarai da ra'ayoyi, ba tare da la'akari da iyaka ba," wanda aka buga a watan Mayu 2021, wanda a cikinsa ta ba da shawarar OSCE da ke halartar Jihohin da su “gabatar da ƙarin muhawara da buɗaɗɗen mahallin watsa labarai iri-iri, kuma a kan batutuwan da suke ganin 'baƙi' ko 'ba daidai ba'."
Ƙungiyar 'Yan Jarida ta Duniya ya kuma yi Allah wadai da takunkumin da aka kakabawa kafafen yada labarai da 'yan jarida da dama.
'Yancin magana na kowa ne, gami da wadanda ba za mu so ba. Ina raba ra'ayoyin Voltaire wanda ya ce "Ban yarda da abin da kuke fada ba, amma zan kare hakkin ku na fada". Soteria International
Ban san Anatoliy Sharij ba amma abin kunya ne a ce ana tuhumar 'yan jarida da masu rubutun ra'ayin yanar gizo a matsayin maciya amana a Ukraine, saboda kawai suna sukar shugabannin siyasarsu. Na yaba da martanin da Wakiliyar OSCE kan 'Yancin Kafofin Yada Labarai Teresa Ribeiro ta yi wanda ke kare 'yan jarida da ake tsanantawa kuma ta jawo ƙararrawa game da Ukraine.
Idan har kungiyar 'yan jarida ta kasa da kasa da kungiyar OSCE ta kare Anatoliy Sharij, to tabbas bai aikata laifin cin amanar kasa ga Ukraine ba. Mu tsaya masa.