A cikin kwanaki biyu kungiyar Tarayyar Turai ta fitar da sanarwa, Amurka ta fitar da sanarwar hadin gwiwa tare da Australia, Japan, New Zealand da kuma Birtaniya, daga karshe kwararrun kwamitin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan kasar Habasha sun fitar da sanarwar.
A ranar 10 ga watan Agusta, kwararrun kwamitin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya sun fitar da wannan sanarwa
“Sanarwa da Hukumar Kula da Kare Hakkokin Bil Adama ta Duniya ta bayar kan Habasha game da yanayin tsaro a arewa maso yamma.
GENEVA (10 Agusta 2023) – Hukumar Kula da Kare Hakkokin Bil Adama ta Duniya kan Habasha ta damu matuka game da tabarbarewar yanayin tsaro a yankin arewa maso yammacin Habasha, musamman a Amhara.
Hukumar ta lura da sanarwar ranar 4 ga Agusta 2023 da Majalisar Ministoci ta kafa na dokar ta-baci ta hanyar doka mai lamba 6/2023, wacce a karkashin kundin tsarin mulki ke bukatar amincewar majalisar wakilai.
Jihohin da suka gabata na tabarbarewar haƙƙin bil adama, don haka hukumar ta bukaci gwamnati da ta bi ƙa'idodin larura, daidaito, da rashin wariya daidai da wajibcin shari'a na ƙasa da ƙasa a ƙarƙashin sashe na 4 na yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa. Hakkokin jama'a da na siyasa.
Hukumar ta yi kira ga dukkan bangarorin da su mutunta hakkin dan Adam tare da daukar matakan dakile ta'addanci da ba da fifiko kan hanyoyin warware sabanin da ke tsakaninsu cikin lumana."[i]
A ranar 11 ga watan Agusta, wata gamayyar kasa da kasa karkashin jagorancin Amurka ta buga wannan sanarwa a shafin intanet na ofishin jakadancin Amurka a Habasha:
“Gwamnatocin Australia, da Japan, da New Zealand, da Burtaniya, da kuma Amurka ta Amurka sun damu da tashe-tashen hankula na baya bayan nan a yankunan Amhara da Oromia, wanda ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar fararen hula da rashin zaman lafiya.
Muna ƙarfafa dukkan bangarorin da su kare fararen hula, mutunta haƙƙin ɗan adam, da yin aiki tare don magance matsaloli masu sarƙaƙiya cikin lumana. Kasashen duniya na ci gaba da goyon bayan manufar tabbatar da dorewar zaman lafiya ga daukacin Habashawa."[ii]
A ƙarshe, ta hanyar X (wanda ake kira Twitter), Ƙungiyar Tarayyar Turai ta fitar da sanarwar manema labarai game da halin da ake ciki a Amhara a wannan rana.
"Tawagar Tarayyar Turai da Ofishin Jakadancin Austria, Belgium, Jamhuriyar Czeck, Denmark, Finland, Faransa, Jamus, Hungary, Ireland, Italiya, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherland, Romania, Poland, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain da kuma Kasar Sweden ta damu da barkewar tashin hankalin da ya barke a yankin Amhara a baya-bayan nan, wanda ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar fararen hula da rashin zaman lafiya.
Muna ƙarfafa dukkan ɓangarorin don kare fararen hula, tabbatar da cikakken, aminci da dorewar damar jin kai ga mutanen da abin ya shafa; ba da izinin ficewa da amintaccen wucewa na 'yan kasashen waje; da kuma yin aiki tare don tinkarar batutuwa masu sarkakiya ta hanyar tattaunawa cikin lumana, tare da ci gaba da aiwatar da yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya; da kuma kaucewa yaduwar tashe-tashen hankula a wasu yankunan kasar.
Kasashen duniya na ci gaba da goyon bayan manufar tabbatar da dorewar zaman lafiya ga daukacin Habashawa."[iii]
A yunƙurin bayyana halin da ake ciki na ban mamaki a Habasha da kuma na Amhara, ƙungiyar Stop Amhara Génocide (SAG) ta buga wani bincike na M. Elias Demissie (Masanin Siyasa kuma mai ba da shawara ga Amhara).
Binciken nasa ya mayar da hankali ne kan yadda kishin kabilar Tigrai da Oromo ke haifar da tashin hankali da kisan kare dangi a kan al'ummar Amhara a Habasha da tarihinta.
Labarin nasa ya bayyana yadda Habasha ke fuskantar matsalar tashin hankali da kisan kiyashi da ake yi wa al'ummar Amhara. Wannan tashin hankalin dai ya samo asali ne daga kishin kabilanci na kabilar Tigray da na Oromo, wanda ke da dadadden tarihi na rikici da al'ummar Amhara.
A cewar marubucin, kishin kishin ƙasa ta Tigrayan ya samo asali ne a ƙarshen karni na 19 a matsayin wata hanya ta magance matsalolin tattalin arzikin yankin da kuma samar da wata ƙaƙƙarfar ƙabilar Tigrai. Duk da haka, an kuma yi amfani da shi don tabbatar da cin zarafin al'ummar Amhara. Misali, a shekarun 1990s kungiyar ‘yan tawayen kabilar Tigrai (TPLF) ta mamaye Wolkait da Raya daga yankin Amhara, wanda ya yi sanadin kauracewa gidajensu tare da kashe dubban fararen hula na Amhara.
Kishin kabilanci na Oromo ya samo asali ne a karni na 16 a matsayin hanyar tinkarar fadada daular Amhara. Amma kuma an yi amfani da shi don tabbatar da tashin hankalin da ake yi wa al'ummar Amhara. Alal misali, dokar “ƙasa ga mai noma” da gwamnatin Dergiya ta fitar a shekara ta 1975 ta haifar da ƙaura da kashe dubban fararen hula na Amhara.
Rikicin baya bayan nan a garuruwan Wollega da Beninshangul da Dera da kuma Ataye ci gaba ne na wannan tarihin cin zarafin al'ummar Amhara. Wannan tashin hankalin dai na faruwa ne daga kungiyoyin 'yan kishin kasa na Tigrai da Oromo tare da goyon bayan gwamnatin Habasha.
A karshen labarin nasa, marubucin M. Elias Demissie ya yi kira ga kasashen duniya da su dauki matakin kawo karshen tashe-tashen hankula da kisan kiyashin da ake yi wa al'ummar Amhara. Wannan ya hada da yin Allah wadai da tashin hankalin, kakaba takunkumi kan masu aikata laifin da kuma bayar da agaji ga wadanda abin ya shafa.
Ya kammala da cewa: “Tashin hankalin da ake yi wa al’ummar Amhara abin tunawa ne game da illolin kishin ƙasa. Ƙaunar ƙasa na iya zama wani ƙarfi mai ƙarfi na alheri, amma kuma ana iya amfani da shi don tabbatar da tashin hankali da kisan kare dangi. Yana da mahimmanci a fahimci tarihin kishin ƙasa a Habasha don fahimtar rikicin da ke faruwa a yanzu. [iv]
Mun kuma tambayi shugabar kungiyar Stop Amhara Genocide (SAG) Ms Yodith Gideon game da ta'asar da ake yi a yankin da kuma yadda ta ke ganin matakin da kasashen duniya suka dauka a wannan makon.
“A cikin shekaru biyar da suka gabata, al’ummar Amhara sun sha fama da ta’asar da ta barke a cikin al’ummarsu da kuma rugujewar rayuwarsu. Mu, kungiyar Dakatar da kisan kare dangi na Amhara, mun tsaya a matsayin shaida kan ta’addancin da ya addabi al’ummarmu – labarin kisan kiyashi, wariya, kawar da kabilanci da tashin hankali maras tushe.
azabtarwa da dauri sun zama kayan aikin sanyi da ake amfani da su akan 'yan jarida, masu fafutuka da haziƙai waɗanda suka jajirce wajen tofa albarkacin bakinsu kan gwamnatin zalunci. Wadanda suka nemi gaskiya da adalci da daidaito sun gamu da mugun zalunci, an rufe muryoyinsu ta mafi munin hanyar da za a iya zato.
Kiraye-kirayen da mu ke yi na shiga tsakani daga gwamnatinmu da kuma na kasashen duniya, ba su samu amsa ba, kuma da aka yi wata murya ta yin tir da irin wannan aika-aika da ake yi, ba a ji ba.
Wannan rashin mayar da martani ga wasiƙun da ba su ƙidaya ba, rahotanni da shaidun ta'addanci da muka aika, ya ba da ra'ayi na rashin hukunta waɗanda ake azabtar da su, amma martanin ya kasance shiru - shirun da kawai ya karfafa rashin hukunta wadanda ke da alhakin.
A cikin shiru na al'ummomin duniya, Amhara sun yi kasadar halaka. A yau, Amhara suna gwagwarmaya don rayuwa - rayuwar mutane, al'adu da al'adun gargajiya waɗanda suka bunƙasa sama da shekaru dubu uku.
Muna kira ga kasashen duniya da su tsaya tare da mu, don kara sautin muryarmu, da kuma tabbatar da cewa duniya ta ji kiran mutane masu juriya da suka ki a yi shiru.”
Madam Gideon ta yi kakkausar suka game da rashin amsa kiraye-kirayen da kungiyoyin farar hula suka yi na hana al'ummar Amhara da ke cikin mawuyacin hali. Sai dai ta jinjinawa kungiyoyin sa-kai na kasa da kasa wadanda tare da kungiyarta suka yi kokarin fadakar da al'ummar duniya.
Musamman ta ambaci kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu guda biyu da ta yi aiki da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.
Tare da taimakon CAP Liberté de Conscience, wanda aka amince da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, da Human Rights Without Borders, wata kungiya da ke babban birnin Turai tsawon shekaru 30, an yi maganganun baka da rubuce-rubuce da dama a Majalisar Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam na baya-bayan nan kuma sun shiga tsakani. na karshe kwamitin kare hakkin dan Adam akan kasar Habasha.
Wakiliyar CAP Liberté de Conscience a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Christine Mirre, ta sha sanar da hukumar kula da kare hakkin bil adama ta kasa da kasa kan Habasha game da matsalar tsaro a yankin arewa maso yamma.
A "zama na 52 na yau da kullun na Majalisar Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam Abu na 4: Tattaunawar hulɗa tare da Hukumar Kula da Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta Duniya game da yanayin 'yancin ɗan adam a Habasha".
Wakilin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na CAP Liberté de Conscience ya ce:
“Muna cikin damuwa matuka game da kisan kiyashi da hare-haren da ake kai wa fararen hula na Amhara a yankin Gabashin Wellega.
A cewar shaidun gani da ido, dakarun gwamnati ne suka kai hare-haren, kuma wadanda aka kashen yawancinsu mata ne da yara da kuma tsofaffi. An kai hare-haren ne tsawon wata guda, daga ranar 13 ga watan Nuwamba, 22 ga watan Nuwamba har zuwa 3 ga watan Disamba.
Gaba ɗaya, an tabbatar da mutuwar fararen hula ɗari biyu tamanin na Amhara a ranar 3 ga Disamba, 22. Kusan mutane dubu ashirin ne suka yi nasarar tserewa.
A halin yanzu akwai ‘yan kabilar Amhara kusan miliyan daya da aka raba su musamman domin gujewa kashe-kashen kabilanci daga Benishangul-Gumuz, Wellega da Shewa ta Arewa.
Gwamnati na ci gaba da kame 'yan kabilar Amhara da yawa. A halin yanzu akwai kusan matasan Amhara dubu goma sha biyu a gidan yari ciki har da Zemene Kassie. An sake kama Sintayehu Chekol akalla sau 4 tun ranar 22 ga watan Yuli, kuma Tadios Tantu ya shafe sama da shekara guda yana tsare a gidan yari.
Ana tsare fursunonin cikin yanayi na rashin mutuntaka, kuma ana cin zarafi, duka da cin zarafi.
A Addis Abeba a halin yanzu an ruguje gidaje kusan dari biyar na Ahmaras wanda ya bar iyalai sun zama marasa galihu. Sakamakon haka yara 9 ne suka mutu sakamakon harin da wasu kuraye suka kai musu.
Yana da matukar muhimmanci Hukumar da Majalisar ta yi la'akari da halin da 'yan kabilar Amhara ke ciki domin a binciki wadannan abubuwan a hukumance."[v]
A ƙarshe, mun tambayi Shugaban CAP Liberté de Conscience game da wannan sabon wayar da kan al'amuran da ke damun Habasha, musamman ga mutanen Amhara.
Shugaban CAP Liberté de Conscience nadamar cewa ta dauki wannan tashe tashen hankula don ganin martani daga kasashen duniya kan batun Amhara da yakin Habasha.
Ya kuma yi nuni da ayyukan da HRWF da SAG suka yi a Hukumar Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam da Kwamitin Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam.
“Duk da cewa rahoton bayan rahoton ya fara farkar da gawarwakin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da bala’in ‘yan kabilar Amhara, muryarmu ba ta kai ga dakatar da kashe-kashen jama’a ba, amma muna ci gaba da aiki da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya domin a ji muryar ‘yan kabilar.
A karshe ya ce CAP Liberté de Conscience za ta kasance a zama na gaba na Hukumar Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam.
[i] https://www.ohchr.org/en/statements/2023/08/statement-attributable-international-commission-human-rights-experts-ethiopia
[ii] https://et.usembassy.gov/joint-statement/
[iii] https://twitter.com/EUinEthiopia/status/1689908160364974082/photo/2
[iv] https://www.stopamharagenocide.com/2023/08/09/national-projects-as-a-weapon-of-genocide/
[v] https://freedomofconscience.eu/52nd-regular-session-of-the-human-rights-council-item-4-interactive-dialogue-with-the-international-commission-of-human-rights-experts-on-the-situation-of-human-rights-in-ethiopia/
