A cikin Mayu 2023, jim kaɗan bayan LIGO (Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory) ya kunna baya don gudanar da bincikensa na huɗu, ya gano sigina-kalaguwar gravitational daga karon na wani abu, mai yuwuwa tauraro neutron, wanda ake zargin baƙar rami mai tarin yawa wanda ya ninka na Rana sau 2.5 zuwa 4.5.
Wannan sigina, mai suna GW230529, yana da ban sha'awa ga masu bincike saboda yawan ɗan takarar black hole ya faɗi a cikin abin da ake kira babban rata tsakanin taurarin neutron mafi nauyi, wanda ya ɗan fi ƙarfin hasken rana guda biyu, da mafi ƙarancin sanannun ramukan baƙi, waɗanda kusan kusan. biyar talakawan rana. Yayin da siginar girgizar ƙasa kaɗai ba zai iya bayyana ainihin yanayin wannan abu ba, gano abubuwan da suka faru a nan gaba, musamman waɗanda ke tare da fashewar haske, na iya riƙe maɓallin don amsa tambayar yadda ramukan baƙi masu nauyi za su kasance.
Hoton yana nuna haɗin kai da haɗaɗɗun ƙananan ramin baki mai raɗaɗi (bangon launin toka mai duhu) tare da tauraro neutron (nakasu sosai da girman ramin baƙar fata). Wannan hoton har yanzu daga simintin haɗe-haɗe yana ba da haske kawai ga ƙananan abubuwan haɗin tauraron neutron, wanda ya bambanta daga gram 60 a kowace centimita kubik (duhu mai duhu) zuwa kilo 600 a kowane centimita mai siffar sukari (fararen fata). Siffar sa yana nuna ƙaƙƙarfan nakasar ƙaƙƙarfan abu mai ƙarancin ƙarfi na tauraron neutron. Kirjin Hoto: Ivan Markin, Tim Dietrich (Jami'ar Potsdam), Harald Paul Pfeiffer, Alessandra Buonanno (Cibiyar Max Planck don Physics na Gravitational
"Binciken na baya-bayan nan ya nuna kyakkyawar damar kimiyya ta hanyar sadarwa mai gano motsin motsi, wanda ya fi hankali fiye da yadda yake a cikin kallo na uku," in ji Jenne Driggers (PhD '15), masanin kimiyyar binciken bincike a LIGO Hanford a Washington. ɗaya daga cikin wurare guda biyu, tare da LIGO Livingston a Louisiana, waɗanda suka haɗa da LIGO Observatory.
MAHADI ya kafa tarihi a 2015 bayan aiwatar da farkon gano raƙuman nauyi a sararin samaniya. Tun daga wannan lokacin, LIGO da abokin aikinta a Turai, Virgo, sun gano kusan haɗuwa 100 tsakanin baƙar fata, kaɗan tsakanin taurarin neutron, da kuma haɗuwa tsakanin taurarin neutron da baƙar fata. Mai gano Jafananci KAGRA ya haɗu da hanyar sadarwa mai ƙarfi-wave a cikin 2019, kuma ƙungiyar masana kimiyya waɗanda ke nazarin bayanai tare da duk masu gano guda uku ana kiran su haɗin gwiwar LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK). Masu lura da LIGO suna samun tallafi daga Gidauniyar Kimiyya ta Kasa (NSF), kuma Caltech da MIT ne suka yi ciki, gina su, kuma suna sarrafa su.
Binciken na baya-bayan nan ya kuma nuna cewa karo da ke tattare da ramukan baƙaƙe masu nauyi na iya zama ruwan dare fiye da yadda aka yi imani da su a baya.
Jess McIver ya ce "Wannan gano, farkon sakamakonmu mai ban sha'awa daga LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA na huɗu na lura da gudu, ya nuna cewa za'a iya samun mafi girman adadin irin wannan karo tsakanin taurarin neutron da ƙananan ramukan baƙar fata fiye da yadda muke zato," in ji Jess McIver. mataimakin farfesa a Jami'ar British Columbia, mataimakin mai magana da yawun LIGO Scientific Collaboration, da kuma tsohon jami'in karatun digiri a Caltech.
Kafin taron GW230529, an gano wani abu mai ban sha'awa na ɗan takara. A cikin wannan taron, wanda ya faru a watan Agusta 2019 kuma aka sani da GW190814, a An samu karamin abu mai yawan hasken rana 2.6 a matsayin wani ɓangare na karo na sararin samaniya, amma masana kimiyya ba su da tabbacin ko tauraro neutron ko black hole.
Bayan hutu don kulawa da haɓakawa, aikin lura na huɗu zai ci gaba a ranar 10 ga Afrilu, 2024, kuma zai ci gaba har zuwa Fabrairu 2025.
Whitney Clavin ne ya rubuta
Source: Caltech
