ʻO Meenakshi Lekhi, ke Kuhina o ka Moku'āina no nā Kuʻuna a me ka Moʻomeheu. Ua mālama ʻia ka ʻaha kūkā honua "The Spread of Buddhist Thought" ma ka pūnaewele mai 27-28 ʻOkakopa, me ka nānā ʻana i nā noʻonoʻo o ka manaʻo Buddhist India ma ka honua.
ʻO ka Buddhism, i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka hopena o ke kenekulia 6 BC e Siddhartha Gautama (ka "Buddha"), he hoʻomana koʻikoʻi ia ma ka hapa nui o nā ʻāina o Asia. Ua lawe ka Buddhism i nā ʻano like ʻole, akā i kēlā me kēia hihia ua hoʻāʻo e huki mai nā ʻike ola o ka Buddha, kāna mau aʻo ʻana, a me ka "ʻuhane" a i ʻole "ke kumu" o kāna mau aʻo ʻana (i kapa ʻia ʻo dhamma a dharma) i kumu hoʻohālike no ka ola haipule. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole a hiki i ka palapala ʻO ka Buddha Charita (ke ola o ka Buddha) na Ashvaghosa i ka 1st a i ʻole 2nd century CE loaʻa iā mākou kahi moʻolelo piha o kona ola. Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Buddha (ca. 563 BC) ma kahi i kapa ʻia ʻo Lumbini ma kahi kokoke i nā puʻu Himalayan, a hoʻomaka ʻo ia e aʻo a puni ʻo Benares (ma Sarnath). ʻO kāna erain general kekahi o ka ʻuhane, ka naʻauao, a me ka pilikanaka. ʻO kēia ka makahiki i laha mua ai ka manaʻo Hindu no ka haʻalele ʻana i ka ʻohana a me ka nohona pilikanaka e ka poʻe hemolele e ʻimi nei i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, a i ka wā i kākau ʻia ai nā Upanishads. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā mea ʻelua e neʻe ana mai ke kikowaena o ka mōhai ahi Vedic.
ʻO Siddhartha Gautama ke keiki koa a kekahi mōʻī a me ka mōʻī wahine. Wahi a ka moʻolelo, i kona hānau ʻana ua wānana kekahi kilokilo e lilo paha ʻo ia i haʻalele (e haʻalele i ke ola kino). No ka pale ʻana i kēia, ua hāʻawi kona makuakāne iā ia i nā mea leʻaleʻa a me nā leʻaleʻa. Akā, i kona wā ʻōpiopio, ua hele ʻo ia ma nā kaʻa kaʻa ʻehā kahi āna i ʻike mua ai i nā ʻano ʻeha o ke kanaka: ʻo ka ʻelemakule, ka maʻi, a me ka make (he kupapaʻu), a me ka haʻalele ascetic. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o kona ola a me kēia ʻeha kanaka i hoʻomaopopo iā ia ʻo nā leʻaleʻa āpau ma ka honua kahi i transitory maoli, a hiki ke uhi wale i ka ʻeha kanaka.
ʻO ka ʻaha kūkā—i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), New Delhi, me ka hui pū ʻana me ka Indian Council for Cultural Relations (ICCR), ke aupuni India, a me ka International Buddhist Confederation (IBC)—he ʻaha kūkā kūloko i mālama ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka ʻO ka ʻaha kūkā Buddhist honua mua loa, i hoʻolālā ʻia e ka ICCR me ka hui pū ʻana me ka IBC a me Nava Nalanda Mahavihara no Nowemapa 19-20 ma lalo o ke kumumanaʻo "Buddhism in Literature."*
Ua hōʻike ka poʻe haʻiʻōlelo i nā pepa noiʻi e pili ana i nā kumuhana like ʻole e pili ana i nā kuʻuna Buddhist a me nā kuʻuna filosofia i laha a paʻa ke aʻa ma nā wahi like ʻole o ka honua. Ua kūkākūkā pū lākou i nā hana Buddhist, nā ʻoihana, nā kula philosophical, nā palapala, a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka hoʻoilina Buddhist.
ʻO ka luna o ka ʻaha kūkā ʻo Prof. Chowduri Upender Rao. Kiʻi na Upender Rao
ʻO kekahi o nā mea komo i ka ʻaha kūkā. Kiʻi ʻoluʻolu o Upender Rao Ua hoʻomaka ka ʻaha kūkā ma ka lā 27 ʻOkakopa me kahi hālāwai hoʻolaʻa, i komo pū me nā haʻiʻōlelo a ka malihini nui, ʻo Meenakshi Lekhi, ke Kuhina o ka Moku'āina no nā Kuʻuna a me ka Culture, a me nā malihini hanohano Ven. ʻO Dr. Dhammapiya, ke kākau ʻōlelo nui o ka IBC, a me Chinmoy Naik, ka hope alakaʻi nui o ka ICCR. Prof. Chowduri Upender Rao, luna kūkā, Ua hāʻawi ʻo Polofesa o Sanskrit a me Pali ma ke Kula o Sanskrit a me Indic Studies ma JNU, i kahi ʻōlelo hoʻokipa.
I ka wā o ka hoʻolaʻa ʻana, ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻo Lekhi i nā mea hoʻonohonoho a me nā mea komo: “ʻOliʻoli wau i ka ʻike e pili ana i kēia ʻaha kūkā ma ke kumuhana o [ka] laha o ka manaʻo Buddhist. Uaʻike mākou a pau i noho ka Bhagavan Buddha ma Kapilavasthu i kona wā'ōpiopio. Ua loaʻa iā ia ka ʻEhā Noble Truths, hoʻolaha i ke ala waena, a me nā aʻo ʻē aʻe he nui. Wahi a ka moʻomeheu, e like me ka mea i kākau ʻia ma ka Pali Canon a me ka Agamas, Ua loaʻa iā Siddhartha Gautama ka Bodhi e noho ana ma lalo o ka lāʻau Bodhi, aia ma Bodh Gaya. Ma hope o ka Buddha. . . Ua huakaʻi ma kekahi mau wahi o ka ʻĀkau ʻĀina a hāʻawi i kāna mau aʻo ma kahi o 45 mau makahiki. Ma hope mai, laha ka manaʻo Buddhist a puni ka honua. Ua ulu ma nā kahawai a me nā hana ʻokoʻa. Ke hoʻomaikaʻi aku nei au iā Prof. Upender Rao a me kāna hui ma kēia hana hanohano. Hoʻomaikaʻi au i nā mea komo mai nā ʻāina like ʻole. Mahalo iā ʻoe, e Jai Hind.”**
Ua māhele ʻia ka ʻaha kūkā i ʻeono mau kau, me nā hōʻike 24 e nā mea haʻiʻōlelo mai India, Bulgaria, Indonesia, Italia, Latvia, Lithuania, Thailand, ʻUkelena, a me Vietnam. Ua hahai nā kūkākūkā hohonu i ka hapa nui o nā hōʻike.
Hōʻike ʻia e Le Chi Luc. Kiʻi mahalo ʻia e Upender Rao ʻO ka hālāwai hoʻopaʻapaʻa i ka pau ʻana o ka ʻaha kūkā ʻelua lā i loaʻa i kahi haʻiʻōlelo a Prof. Upendra Rao a me nā haʻiʻōlelo hoʻopau mai Prof. Battu Satyanarayana, hope-chancellor o ke Kulanui Nui o Karnataka, Kadaganchi; luna hoʻomalu Prof. Santosh Kumar Shukla, dean o ke Kula o Sanskrit and Indic Studies ma JNU; a me nā malihini o ka hanohano Prof. Amarjiva Lochan, dean o nā pilina honua ma ke Kulanui o Delhi, a me Ven. Kauka Tejawaro Thero, hope peresidena o Golden Mountain Monastery, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Na nā mea hoʻonohonoho o ka ʻaha kūkā e hoʻouka i kahi ebook o nā abstract hōʻike a me nā kaʻina kūkā i ka pūnaewele ICCR.
ʻOiai ua pau loa ka Buddhism ma India (ca. 12th century CE)—ma muli paha o ke ʻano o ka Hinduism, ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o Muslim, a i ʻole ke koʻikoʻi nui i ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana o ka mōneka—ma ke ʻano he hoʻomana ua ʻoi aku ka nui o kona hōʻoia ʻana. hiki ke ola a me ka ʻuhane pono i nā ʻāina o Asia kahi i lawe ʻia ai. ʻO ka nui o nā ʻano a me nā hana i hoʻomohala ʻia i loko o ka pā Buddhist ua ʻae pū i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka poʻe e hoʻokō i ko lākou mau pono ʻuhane ma o kēia hoʻomana nui.
