lub 18th European Congress of Psychology convened in Brighton ntawm 3 thiab 6 Lub Xya hli ntuj 2023. Lub ntsiab lus tag nrho yog 'Uniting cov zej zog rau ib tug sustainable ntiaj teb no'. Lub koom haum British Psychological Society (BPS), dhau los ntawm nws Pawg Neeg Keeb Kwm Sib Tw, tau tuav lub rooj sib tham tshawb fawb txog keeb kwm ntawm eugenics hauv kev puas siab puas ntsws, yav dhau los thiab tam sim no.
Symposium ntawm European Congress of Psychology
Lub rooj sib tham no suav nrog kev hais lus los ntawm xibfwb Marius Turda, Oxford Brookes University, ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm eugenics, psychology, thiab dehumanisation. Qhov no tau ua raws li ob daim ntawv, ib qho los ntawm Nazlin Bhimani (UCL Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Kev Kawm) uas tau tsom mus rau keeb kwm ntawm eugenic hauv kev kawm ntawv Askiv, thiab lwm yam, los ntawm Lisa Edwards, uas nws tsev neeg tau nyob hauv cov tsev kho mob hlwb hauv tebchaws Askiv xws li. raws li Rainhill Asylum.
"Qhov no yog thawj zaug uas lub rooj sib tham ntawm eugenics tau tshwm sim ntawm lub rooj sib tham thoob ntiaj teb ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws thiab BPS Cov Keeb Kwm Sib Tw tau ua qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom nws tshwm sim," Prof Marius Turda hais. The European Times.
Exhibition ntawm Legacies ntawm Eugenics
Lub symposium tau txais kev tshoov siab los ntawm kev nthuav qhia "Peb Tsis Nyob Ib Leeg" Txoj Cai ntawm Eugenics. Lub exhibition tau curated los ntawm Prof Marius Turda.
cov exhibition nteg tawm tias "eugenics aims 'txhim kho' cov noob caj noob ces 'zoo' ntawm tib neeg cov pejxeem los ntawm kev tswj ntawm kev yug me nyuam thiab, ntawm nws qhov siab tshaj plaws, los ntawm kev tshem tawm ntawm cov neeg uas xav los ntawm eugenicists ua 'tsis zoo'.
Eugenics tau tsim thawj zaug hauv tebchaws Aas Kiv thiab Tebchaws Meskas hauv lub xyoo pua puv 1920, tab sis nws tau dhau los ua lub zog thoob ntiaj teb los ntawm xyoo XNUMX. Eugenicists tsom cov neeg uas koom nrog kev ntseeg, haiv neeg, thiab kev sib deev tsawg, thiab cov neeg muaj kev tsis taus, ua rau lawv lub tsev kaw neeg thiab ua kom tsis muaj menyuam. Hauv Nazi lub teb chaws Yelemees, eugenic cov tswv yim ntawm kev txhim kho haiv neeg tau pab ncaj qha rau kev tua neeg coob thiab Holocaust.
Prof Marius Turda piav qhia tias "Victorian polymath, Francis Galton, yog thawj tus neeg los txhawb eugenics cov ntsiab lus hauv kev puas siab puas ntsws thiab ua tus neeg tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho ntawm thaj chaw raws li kev qhuab qhia kev tshawb fawb. Nws lub hwj chim rau American thiab British psychologists xws li James McKeen Cattell, Lewis Terman, Granville Stanley Hall, William McDougall, Charles Spearman thiab Cyril Burt yog qhov tseem ceeb. "
"Kuv lub hom phiaj yog muab Galton cov cuab yeej cuab tam rau hauv nws cov ntsiab lus keeb kwm, thiab muab kev sib tham txog kev puas siab puas ntsws thiab kev puas siab puas ntsws tau pab txhawb rau kev tsis zoo ntawm cov tib neeg uas muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws. Kuv lub tswv yim yog los txhawb cov kws tshawb fawb txog kev puas siab puas ntsws los hais txog kev ntxub ntxaug thiab kev tsim txom uas txhawb nqa los ntawm eugenics, tsis yog tsawg kawg vim tias nco txog qhov kev tsim txom no muaj sia nyob niaj hnub no, "Prof Marius Turda hais. The European Times.
Eugenics thiab Psychology
Kev tsom mus rau cov keeb kwm ntawm eugenics ntawm European Congress of Psychology tau raws sijhawm thiab txais tos. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws uas xav tias kev qhuab qhia kev tshawb fawb xws li kev puas siab puas ntsws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov lus sib cav uas tau nthuav tawm thiab tau txais kev lees paub. Txawm li cas los xij, tau ntau xyoo qhov no tsis tau ntsib lossis txawm pom. Cov teeb meem keeb kwm ntawm eugenics raws li nws tseem nyob twj ywm nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm tam sim no cov lus thiab nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, kev coj cwj pwm yog pom nyob rau hauv kev sib cav hais txog heredity, kev xaiv haiv neeg, thiab txawj ntse.
Cov kws tshaj lij kev tshawb fawb tau muab los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb txog kev puas siab puas ntsws tau siv los ua stigmatise, marginalize thiab thaum kawg dehumanise cov neeg uas lawv lub neej lawv tswj thiab saib xyuas. Cov tib neeg no uas tau pom tias yog sawv cev rau qhov sib txawv, thiab tsis muaj peev xwm, tib neeg yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm hauv 'cov tsev kawm tshwj xeeb' thiab 'cov cheeb tsam' thiab raug rau cov kev kawm tshwj xeeb.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws tam sim no peb yuav tsum tsim kom muaj lub platform rau kev txhawb nqa lub koom haum kev xav thiab kev sib tham ntawm cov kws kho kev puas siab puas ntsws, nrog rau qhov cuam tshuam txog kev qhuab qhia nws tus kheej, tus xibfwb Marius Turda tau qhia.
Raws li cov kws tshawb fawb hauv zej zog tau pom qhov rov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev hais lus eugenic nyob rau xyoo 2020, tom qab kev tua neeg ntawm George Floyd thiab tom qab ntawd nrog qhov pib ntawm Covid-19 kev sib kis, nws yog qhov tseeb tias peb yuav tsum tsim txoj hauv kev tshiab ntawm kev xav thiab xyaum kev puas siab puas ntsws, yog tias peb xav tau. ua tau raws li cov kev sib tw sib koom peb ntsib, tus kheej thiab sib sau ua ke nrog rau hauv tebchaws thiab thoob ntiaj teb.
Archives Manager ntawm British Psychological Society (BPS), Sophie O'Reilly hais tias "Peb zoo siab heev los nthuav tawm cov rooj sib tham no ntawm European Congress of Psychology ntawm ib lub ntsiab lus uas tseem muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau yam niaj hnub no. Ntxiv nrog rau muab cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws thiab eugenics, zaj dab neeg ntawm tsev neeg txoj kev ua neej nyob ntawm ntau tshaj ib puas xyoo ntawm kev koom tes thiab kev thuam yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev qhia txog cov kev cuam tshuam no. "
Dr Roz Collings, Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm British Psychological Society's Ethics Committee tau hais tias "Kev puas siab puas ntsws muaj qee cov keeb kwm tsaus ntuj, uas tej zaum yuav tsis muaj kev sib tw ua ntej."
Dr Roz Collings tau taw qhia tias, “Qhov kev xav no ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab txhawb nqa lub rooj sib tham pub rau tib neeg lawv lub qhov muag thiab pib nug. Lub rooj sib tham tau koom nrog kev sib tham noj qab haus huv thiab cov lus nug uas qhia txog kev xav paub thiab xav paub ntawm cov kws kho mob hlwb thoob ntiaj teb. "
Nws hais ntxiv tias "Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xav txog, tsis txhob hnov qab, thiab txuas ntxiv mus tom ntej hauv kev puas siab puas ntsws los tawm tsam txhua yam nyuaj uas yuav nyob tom ntej. Lub rooj sib tham no tso cai rau ntau qhov chaw ua qhov ntawd. "
Lwm tus neeg tuaj koom, tus xibfwb John Oates, Tus Thawj Coj ntawm British Psychological Society's Media Ethics Advisory Group, thiab tus tswvcuab ntawm BPS Ethics Committee, piav qhia: 'Raws li ib feem ntawm peb txoj haujlwm hauv kev tshawb xyuas cov teeb meem ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kws kho hlwb yav dhau los, British Psychological Society Challenging Pawg Keeb Kwm Zoo siab tau tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ze nrog Prof Turda los npaj lub rooj sib tham no. "
Xib fwb John Oates tau hais ntxiv tias, "Nws zoo siab tsis yog tsuas yog muaj cov neeg tuaj saib zoo xwb, tab sis kuj muaj cov neeg tuaj koom nrog peb cov lus nthuav qhia thiab peb cov lus hu ua. Peb txoj kev cia siab yog tias peb tau pib muaj kev sib tham sib tham uas yuav kis tau thiab pab tiv thaiv cov keeb kwm ntawm kev muaj txiaj ntsig zoo uas tseem cuam tshuam rau pej xeem thiab ntiag tug. "
Tiv thaiv tib neeg txoj cai
Tony Wainwright, kws kho mob puas siab puas ntsws thiab ib tug tswv cuab ntawm BPS Climate Environment Action Coordinating Group, tau xav txog qhov no: "Nws yog ib qho zoo siab thiab tib lub sij hawm xav tsis thoob los koom nrog hauv kev sib tham ntawm 'The Legacy of Eugenics dhau los thiab Present'."
"Qhov kev poob siab yog los ntawm kev nco txog kev puas siab puas ntsws yav dhau los kev koom tes hauv kev tsim cov kev xav tsis zoo uas cuam tshuam txog kev ntxub ntxaug thiab kev ntxub ntxaug. Peb cov lus khaws cov suab nrov ntawm kev faib hlwb - tam sim no siv los ua kev thuam - "moron", "idiot", Tony Wainwright qhia meej.
Nws hais ntxiv, "Qhov kev ua neej nyob ntawm nws tsev neeg uas yog ib tus neeg hais lus, Lisa Edwards, tau coj mus rau qhov kev sib tham qhia tau tias qhov no tsis yog qhov kev kawm tab sis muaj qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo."
Tony Wainwright thaum kawg tau sau tseg, "Qhov kev zoo siab tau los ntawm kev cia siab tias kev nco txog peb yav dhau los yuav koom nrog tib neeg hauv kev ua tam sim no raws li cov keeb kwm no tseem nyob. Peb nyob rau lub sijhawm uas tib neeg txoj cai raug kev hem thawj hauv ntau qhov chaw hauv ntiaj teb, thiab cia siab tias, kev sib tham zoo li no yuav txhawb nqa peb txoj kev siv zog los tiv thaiv tib neeg txoj cai nyob qhov twg peb tuaj yeem ua tau. "
Nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawm lub rooj sib tham, BPS kuj tau nthuav tawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov kev nthuav qhia 'Peb tsis nyob ib leeg: Txoj Cai Lij Choj ntawm Eugenics', kho los ntawm xibfwb Marius Turda. Panels ntawm lub exhibition tuaj yeem pom ntawm no:
https://www.bps.org.uk/history-psychology-centre/exhibition-we-are-not-alone-legacies-eugenics
Lub exhibition tag nrho tuaj yeem pom ntawm no:
Qhov tseem ceeb, qhov kev nthuav qhia kuj tseem muaj nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov qhov teeb meem ntawm Psychologist, uas tau npaj rau lub rooj sib tham.
