Lamulo Lotsutsana ndi Kupatukana ndi Malamulo a Padziko Lonse ku France: kodi zonsezi ndi zomwe zimatchedwa Political Islam?
France ndi membala wa mabungwe apadziko lonse lapansi ndipo ndithudi dziko limene ulamuliro wa malamulo, demokarasi ndi kulemekeza ufulu wa anthu ndizo mfundo zazikulu za "République".
Momwemonso France ndi dziko lomwe lili ndi anthu osiyanasiyana ochokera kuzikhalidwe zingapo komanso azilankhulo zosiyanasiyana, mafuko komanso miyambo yachipembedzo kapena yauzimu kapena ayi.
Purezidenti Macron ndi Premiere Dame ndi angapo a ndale French ateteza, kukangana kunena pang'ono, ufulu wa Charlie Hebdo kunyoza chipembedzo cha Islam mobwerezabwereza posonyeza Mneneri wa Islam Mohammed, ndi mwano Pulezidenti Turkey Erdogan, ndi mwa kunyoza malingaliro achipembedzo a magulu ambiri achipembedzo ndi auzimu monga choncho m’zochitika zingapo. Zonsezi m'dzina la ufulu wopatulika wa Ufulu Wolankhula.
Ufulu wa kulankhula ndi ufulu wofunikira kwambiri womwe umapezeka mu European Convention of Ufulu Wachibadwidwe ya 1950 ndi mu The Universal Declaration of Human Rights ya 1948, imene inalimbikitsa Khoti Loona za Ufulu wa Anthu ku Ulaya, komanso m’mabungwe ambiri a m’mayiko osiyanasiyana okhudza za ufulu wachibadwidwe wa anthu komanso m’Malamulo ambiri a dziko.
Monga Ufulu Wofotokozera ndi ufulu wachibadwidwe wamunthu, komanso Ufulu Wamalingaliro, Chikumbumtima ndi Religion, kapena m'mawu amodzi Ufulu wa Chikhulupiriro, ndi ufulu waumunthu wotetezedwa ndi luso. 18 ya UDHR ndi luso. 9 ya Khoti Loona za Ufulu wa Anthu ku Ulaya, zomwe sizingakwaniritsidwe potsatira zimene Khoti Loona za Ufulu wa Anthu ku Ulaya linagamula, osati potengera mfundo za dziko kapena zofuna za dzikolo, mosiyana ndi mmene lamulo la Ufulu Wachibadwidwe limayendera.
Gawo 9 la Pangano la Mayiko a ku Ulaya la Ufulu Wachibadwidwe - Ufulu wa kuganiza, chikumbumtima ndi chipembedzo “1. Aliyense ali ndi ufulu wa kuganiza, chikumbumtima ndi chipembedzo; ufulu umenewu ukuphatikiza ufulu wosintha chipembedzo chake kapena chikhulupiriro ndi ufulu, kaya payekha kapena pagulu ndi ena, pagulu kapena mseri, kuwonetsa chipembedzo chake kapena chikhulupiriro chake, pakupembedza, kuphunzitsa, kuchita ndi kutsatira. 2. Ufulu woonetsera chipembedzo kapena zikhulupiriro zako ukhala ndi malire okhawo monga momwe zilili ndi lamulo ndipo ndizofunikira m'gulu la demokalase mokomera chitetezo cha anthu, kuteteza bata, thanzi kapena makhalidwe abwino, kapena chitetezo. za ufulu ndi ufulu wa ena.”
Art. 9 ECHR iyenera kuwerengedwa pamodzi ndi luso. 2 Protocol 1 to the Convention yomwe imawerengedwa motere:
Ndime 2 ya Protocol No. 1 - Ufulu wa maphunziro “Palibe munthu amene adzalandidwe ufulu wamaphunziro. Pochita ntchito zilizonse zimene boma likuchita zokhudza maphunziro ndi kuphunzitsa, Boma lidzalemekeza ufulu wa makolo woonetsetsa kuti maphunziro ndi chiphunzitsocho chikugwirizana ndi zikhulupiriro zawo zachipembedzo ndi nzeru zawo.”
Kutsutsa kuti magulu ena makamaka "Chisilamu cha ndale" amakonda kudzipatula pakati pa anthu komanso anthu komanso kuti lamulo likufunika kuti izi zisachitike, ndipo malamulo otere amapangitsanso kuletsa mabungwe kuti akhazikitse kapena kuchita ntchito zawo. , kapena kuletsa maphunziro a kunyumba, mwina si yankho labwino kwambiri ku mavuto omwe angakhalepo kuchokera ku dziko la demokarasi monga France, poganizira kuti dziko la France lili ndi malamulo, kuphatikizapo malamulo ophwanya malamulo, kuti ateteze ndi kuthana ndi zigawenga, uchigawenga ndi mitundu ina iliyonse. za chigawenga chilichonse.
Ndiye chodabwitsa n’chakuti: kodi ndondomeko yeniyeni ya malamulowa ndi iti? ndi ndani ali kumbuyo kwa zoterezi?
Kodi zikuchokera kuti? Kodi tawonapo zinthu ngati izi m'mbuyomu ku France?
Pali bungwe lotchedwa FECRIS ku France lomwe limalipiridwa ndi Boma la France ndipo limalimbikitsa, padziko lonse lapansi, kulimbana ndi magulu ang'onoang'ono, omwe amatchedwa mipatuko (mipatuko mu French). FECRIS sakusamala za Ufulu Wachibadwidwe wa Padziko Lonse ku France ndipo nthawi zonse imapempha mabungwe apadziko lonse kuti aletse Mabungwe a Ufulu Wachibadwidwe omwe amalimbikitsa Ufulu wa Chipembedzo ndi Chikhulupiriro m'malo awo ndikusiya kuyanjana nawo, mwachitsanzo FECRIS ku OSCE Human Dimension Implementation Meeting in. Warsaw.
Chikhulupiriro chakuti kuseri kwa lamuloli pakhoza kukhala onse a FECRIS ndi omwe ali ndi malingaliro ofanana, akhoza kukhala ovomerezeka, osachepera, ngati tilingalira kuti nthawi zambiri kulimbana ndi Islam, kaya kutchedwa Ndale kapena osati ndale, zimayendera limodzi ndi nkhondo yolimbana ndi magulu achipembedzo.
Lamuloli likhoza kukhala Trojan horse yomwe ikufuna kulimbana ndi anthu ochita zinthu monyanyira koma ndi cholinga chenicheni cholimbana ndi anthu ochepa omwe amawaona ngati timagulu tating'onoting'ono - izi zikhoza kukhala maganizo anga komanso malingaliro anga ngati Mtumiki Madame Marlène Schiappa sananene, poyankhulana. adapereka nyuzipepala Le Parisien, motere:
"Tidzagwiritsanso ntchito njira zomwezo motsutsana ndi zipembedzo komanso motsutsana ndi Chisilamu champhamvu".
Bungwe la United States la USCIRF, la US Commission on International Religious Freedom, lachenjeza kuti FECRIS ndi bungwe lomwe likuwopseza ufulu wa anthu ang'onoang'ono ndipo linalimbikitsa, mwa zina, motere:
“Kutsutsa mabodza oletsa magulu atsopano achipembedzo opangidwa ndi European Federation of Research and Information Centers on Sectarianism (FECRIS) pa msonkhano wapachaka wa OSCE Human Dimensions Conference wofotokoza za kulowererapo kwa anthu ndi mabungwe m’gulu lolimbana ndi zipembedzo popondereza ufulu wachipembedzo.”
Kwa ine n’zoonekeratu kuti lamuloli likaperekedwa lingatanthauze kusiya kutsatira malamulo a mayiko a m’dziko la France, makamaka Komiti Yoona za Ufulu wa Anthu ku Ulaya komanso ufulu wake ndi ufulu wachibadwidwe wake.
Ulamuliro wamalamulo umafunikira chidwi ndi kulowererapo ndipo zochita zonyanyira za gulu lililonse ziyenera kupewedwa ndikumenyedwa ndi njira zonse zofunika - koma kufafaniza maudindo apadziko lonse lapansi omwe amatsimikizira kulemekeza ufulu wachibadwidwe ndi ufulu wachibadwidwe wa aliyense si yankho koma kungowiringula kwa zolinga zina. Lamulo lapano ndilo zotsatira za chilengedwe za lamulo No. 504 ya 2001 pa kupewa ndi kupondereza mayendedwe achipembedzo komanso lamulo la mlongo wake No. 228 ya 2004 yofuna kupondereza ufulu wowonetsa zizindikiro zachipembedzo m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri, zonse zomwe ndizovuta kwambiri ku demokalase yaku Europe.
Tikukhulupirira kuti, pamene tikulimbana ndi ma virus awiri, Covid-19 ndi kachilombo kakusalolera, zomwe zanenedwa ndi USCIRF Report zitha kukhazikitsidwa posachedwa komanso kukhala chiyambi chabe chazinthu zina zotsutsana ndi chidani ichi. akatswiri, ndipo potsiriza amatsimikizira aliyense ufulu wawo wa kuganiza, chikumbumtima, chipembedzo ndi chikhulupiriro.
