Mu kafukufuku watsopano, asayansi adagwiritsa ntchito masauzande masauzande a ma genome aumunthu. Zotsatira zimasindikizidwa mu magazini Science.
Asayansi apanga banja la anthu onse kuti afotokoze mwachidule momwe anthu onse okhala masiku ano amakhudzirana wina ndi mnzake komanso kwa makolo athu akale. Kuti apange, ofufuzawo adasanthula masauzande masauzande a ma genome omwe adasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera kwa anthu amakono komanso akale. Ankagwiritsanso ntchito zimene achibale ake akale ankagwiritsa ntchito. Ma genome onse amachokera ku anthu 215 amwazikana padziko lonse lapansi.
Pogwiritsa ntchito ma algorithm apakompyuta, asayansi adazindikira mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndikuwunikira komwe amalumikizana komanso amasiyana. Kutengera ndi machitidwe, ochita kafukufuku adajambula mizere yongoyerekeza ya m'badwo pakati pa ma genome.
Kuti apange mibadwo yolumikizana ya anthu, ofufuzawo adaphatikiza zoyambira zingapo zazikulu zapagulu, kuphatikiza 1000 Genomes Project, Human Genome Diversity Project, ndi Simons Genome Diversity Project. Kupeza zambiri za anthu akale kwakhala kovuta kwambiri, koma asayansi apeza ma genome 8 apamwamba kwambiri akale a hominin. Pakati pawo pali ma genome atatu a Neanderthal, omwe ali ndi zaka zoposa 100,000; Denisovan genome, zaka 74,000 mpaka 82,000; ndi ma genome anayi ochokera ku banja la nyukiliya lomwe linali kumapiri a Altai ku Russia pafupifupi zaka 4,600 zapitazo.
Atatha kusonkhanitsa banja, asayansi adafufuza malo. Iwo adatsimikizira kusamuka kwa anthu kuchokera ku Africa ndipo adapezanso umboni womwe ungakhalepo pakati pa Homo sapiens ndi ma hominins omwe atha.
Zindikirani: Mzere uliwonse pachithunzichi ukuyimira maubale a mbadwa za makolo mumndandanda watsopano wa ma genome amakono komanso akale. Chithunzi: Mbadwo wolumikizana wa ma genome amakono komanso akale, Sayansi (2022). Doi: 10.1126/science.abi8264
