Ndi nthumwi zochokera ku Member States, mabungwe omwe si a boma, ndi mayunivesite omwe akupezekapo, komanso amalonda omwe akufunafuna njira zowonjezera "Blue Economy", pali chiyembekezo kuti chochitika ichi, chikuchitika mumzinda wa Portugal wa Lisbon pakati pa 27 June ndi Julayi 1, ikhala nyengo yatsopano ya Ocean.
1. Yakwana nthawi yoganizira mayankho
Msonkhano woyamba, mu 2017, udawoneka ngati wosintha masewera pakudziwitsa dziko lapansi zamavuto a Ocean. Malinga ndi Peter Thomson, nthumwi yapadera ya Mlembi Wamkulu wa UN pa Nyanja, Lisbon "ikhala yopereka mayankho kumavutowa".
Chochitikacho chakonzedwa kuti chipereke mwayi kwa anthu apadziko lonse lapansi kuti akakamize kukhazikitsidwa kwa njira zatsopano, zozikidwa pa sayansi zoyendetsera nyanja zamchere, kuphatikizapo kuthana ndi acidity ya madzi, kuipitsa, kusodza kosaloledwa ndi kutayika kwa malo okhala ndi zachilengedwe.
Msonkhano wa chaka chino udzatsimikiziranso momwe bungwe la United Nations likufunira Zaka khumi za Sayansi ya Ocean for Sustainable Development (2021-2030). Zaka khumi zidzakhala mutu waukulu pamsonkhanowu, ndipo udzakhala mutu wa zochitika zingapo zofunika, kuyika masomphenya a Nyanja yathanzi, yokhazikika.
UN yakhazikitsa zolinga 10 zokhudzana ndi nyanja zomwe zikuyenera kukwaniritsidwa pazaka khumizi, monga gawo la Agenda ya 2030 for Sustainable Development, ndondomeko ya bungwe la tsogolo labwino kwa anthu ndi dziko lapansi. Zimaphatikizapo kuchitapo kanthu pofuna kupewa ndi kuchepetsa kuipitsidwa ndi acidification, kuteteza zachilengedwe, kuyang'anira usodzi, ndi kuonjezera chidziwitso cha sayansi. Pamsonkhanowu, zokambirana zidzayang'ana momwe angayankhire zambiri mwazinthuzi.
Udindo wa achinyamata udzakhala patsogolo ku Lisbon, ndi amalonda achichepere, akugwira ntchito zatsopano, zothetsera mavuto okhudzana ndi sayansi, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pazokambirana.
Kuyambira 24 mpaka 26 June, atenga nawo gawo pa Youth and Innovation Forum, nsanja yomwe cholinga chake ndi kuthandiza amalonda achichepere ndi otsogola kuti awonjezere zochita zawo, mapulojekiti ndi malingaliro awo, popereka maphunziro aukadaulo, komanso kupanga machesi ndi alangizi, osunga ndalama, mabungwe aboma, ndi akuluakulu aboma.
Msonkhanowu uphatikizanso "Innovathon," pomwe magulu a anthu asanu adzagwira ntchito limodzi kuti apange ndikupangira njira zatsopano zothetsera nyanja.
2. Zofunikira ndizokwera
Nyanjayi imatipatsa mpweya, chakudya komanso zinthu zofunika pamoyo. Imakulitsa zamoyo zosiyanasiyana zosayerekezeka, ndipo imathandizira mwachindunji moyo wamunthu, kudzera muzakudya ndi mphamvu.
Kuwonjezera pa kukhala magwero a zamoyo, nyanjayi imapangitsa kuti nyengo ikhale yokhazikika komanso imasunga mpweya wa carbon, womwe umakhala ngati ngalande yaikulu ya mpweya wotenthetsa dziko lapansi.
Malinga ndi Zolemba za UN, pafupifupi anthu 680 miliyoni amakhala m'madera otsika a m'mphepete mwa nyanja, kukwera pafupifupi biliyoni imodzi pofika 2050..
Kuphatikiza apo, kuwunika kwaposachedwa kukuwonetsa kuti anthu 40 miliyoni adzalembedwa ntchito ndi mafakitale apanyanja kumapeto kwa zaka khumizi.
3. Yang'anani ku Kenya ndi Portugal
Ngakhale kuti Msonkhanowu ukuchitika ku Portugal, ukugwirizanitsidwa ndi Kenya, kumene 65 peresenti ya anthu okhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja amakhala m'madera akumidzi, akugwira ntchito makamaka ndi usodzi, ulimi, ndi migodi kuti apeze zofunika pamoyo wawo.
Kwa Bernadette Loloju, wokhala ku Samburu County, Kenya, nyanjayi ndi yofunika kwa anthu akudziko lawo chifukwa imawalola kupeza zinthu zambiri zomwe amafunikira. “M’nyanja muli zamoyo zambiri kuphatikizapo nsomba. Zimatipatsanso chakudya. Tikapita mumzinda wa Mombasa, timasangalala ndi gombe ndikusambira, zomwe zimawonjezera chisangalalo chathu ”.
Nzambi Matee, UN Environment Programme (Zowonjezera zokhudzana ndi UNEP) Wopambana wachinyamata wa Champion of the Earth, amagawana masomphenya omwewo. Nzambi wukwikala muNairobi, Kenya, nindi wukuhwelela Opanga a Gjenge, yomwe imapanga zomangira zokhazikika zotsika mtengo zopangidwa ndi zinyalala zapulasitiki zobwezerezedwanso.
Mayi Matee amatenga zinyalala za pulasitiki za m’nyanja, zimene asodzi amazipha nsomba, n’kuzisandutsa njerwa zoumba - “ntchito yanga yokonzanso zinyalala za pulasitiki zochokera kunyanja zandithandiza kuti ndilembe ntchito achinyamata ndi amayi oposa 113, omwe pamodzi apanga njerwa 300,000. Ndimapeza zofunika pamoyo wanga kuchokera kunyanja, choncho nyanja ndi moyo kwa ine,” adatero.
Chilakolako cha nyanja chimagawidwa ndi Portugal, dziko lalikulu kwambiri la European Union Member State lomwe lili ndi makilomita pafupifupi XNUMX miliyoni amphepete mwa nyanja, motero, dziko lomwe limatenga gawo lalikulu m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Atlantic.
"Zoyembekeza zathu ku msonkhano wa UN Oceans ndikuti ukhala msonkhano wokhudza kuchitapo kanthu osati kungodzipereka," akutero Catarina Grilo, Mtsogoleri wa Conservation and Policy ku. Associação Natureza Portugal (ANP), bungwe losakhala la boma lomwe likugwira ntchito mogwirizana ndi World Wildlife Fund (WWF). ANP imayendetsa ntchito zingapo m'malo otetezedwa panyanja, usodzi wokhazikika, komanso kusungitsa nyanja.
“Msonkhano wapitawu ku New York unali nthawi yabwino kwambiri yodziwitsa anthu za udindo wa nyanja pa umoyo wa anthu. Panthawiyo tinali ndi malonjezano ambiri odzifunira ochokera kwa Mayiko Amembala ndi mabungwe omwe si a boma, koma tsopano ndi nthawi yochoka ku mawu kupita ku zochita".
4. Nyanja ndi nyengo yapadziko lonse zimagwirizana
Nyanja ndi nyengo ya padziko lonse zimakhudzana kwambiri m’njira zambiri. Pamene vuto la nyengo likupitilira kuwopseza, pali ma metrics ena ofunikira asayansi akuyang'anitsitsa.
Malinga ndi lipoti laposachedwa la kusintha kwa nyengo kuchokera ku World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) padziko lonse lapansi madzi a m'nyanja akuwonjezeka pafupifupi 4.5 mm pachaka pakati pa 2013 ndi 2021, chifukwa cha madzi oundana omwe amasungunuka kwambiri.
Nyanja imatenga pafupifupi 23 peresenti ya CO2 yopangidwa ndi zochita za anthu, ndipo ikatero, kusintha kwamankhwala kumachitika, kupangitsa madzi a m'nyanja kukhala acid. Izi zimayika madera am'madzi pachiwopsezo ndipo, madzi akamachuluka acidic, ndipamene CO2 imatha kuyamwa.
Samuel Collins, woyang'anira polojekiti ku Oceano Azul Foundation, ku Lisbon, akukhulupirira kuti msonkhanowu ukhala ngati mlatho wopita ku COP27, womwe udzachitike ku Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt mu Novembala uno.
“Nyanja n’njofunika kwambiri pa nyengo. Imakhala ndi 94 peresenti ya malo okhala padziko lapansi. Ndikanatha kusintha ziwerengero zomwe zimatidabwitsa tonsefe.” Anatero mtsikana wina wazaka 27 wa ku Scotland.
"Chomwe chimachititsa kuti zinthu zomwe timagula m'sitolo ndizotsika mtengo ndichifukwa choti zotumiza zimanyamula 90 peresenti ya katundu m'nyumba mwathu, ndiye pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe timalumikizana ndi nyanja, kaya ndinu dziko lopanda mtunda kapena ayi. Palibe chamoyo padziko lapansi chomwe sichimakhudzidwa ndi nyanja”.
5. Kodi mungatani kuti muthandize?
Tinafunsa akatswiri ena - kuphatikizapo Catarina Grilo ndi katswiri wa sayansi ya zamoyo Nuno Barros ku ANP, komanso Sam Collins ku Oceano Azul Foundation - zomwe nzika zingachite pofuna kulimbikitsa chuma cha buluu chokhazikika, podikirira ochita zisankho ndi atsogoleri a dziko kuti achitepo kanthu. Nawa malingaliro omwe mungaphatikizepo pamoyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku:
- Ngati mumadya nsomba, kusiyanitsa zakudya zanu mwa mawu a kudya zakudya zam'madzi, sikuti nthawi zonse amadya zamoyo zomwezo. Pewaninso kudya nyama zolusa ndipo onetsetsani kuti zomwe mumadya zimachokera kumalo odalirika.
- Pewani kuipitsa pulasitiki: Popeza kuti 80 peresenti ya kuipitsa m’madzi kumachokera kumtunda, chitani mbali yanu kuletsa kuipitsa kofikira m’nyanja. Mutha kuthandiza pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito, kupewa kudya zinthu zotayidwa, komanso kuwonetsetsa kuti mukuyika zinyalala zanu m'mabini oyenera.
- Kunyamula zinyalala ku gombe, ndipo musatayitse zinyalala. Koma ganiziraninso kuti sitepe iliyonse yomwe mungatenge kuti muchepetse malo anu achilengedwe idzathandiza nyanja m'njira ina.
- Pitirizani kulimbikitsa mayankho, kaya ali m'misewu, kulemba makalata kwa osankha, kusaina zopempha, kapena kuthandizira kampeni zomwe cholinga chake ndi kukopa opanga zisankho, pamlingo wadziko kapena padziko lonse lapansi.
UN News idzakhala ku Lisbon kuti iwonetsere Msonkhano wa Ocean, kotero mutha kuyembekezera nkhani, zoyankhulana, ndi zochitika ndi akatswiri, achinyamata, ndi mawu a UN.
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