Zowoneka zamitundu iwiri ya chothandizira, ndi gawo la chipolopolo chochotsedwa kuti liwonetse mkati. Chigawo choyera chimayimira chipolopolo cha silika, mabowo ndi ma pores. Magawo obiriwira owala amayimira malo othandizira, omwe ali kumanzere ndi ochepa kwambiri kuposa omwe ali kumanja. Zingwe zofiira zazitali zimayimira maunyolo a polima, ndipo zingwe zazifupi ndizopangidwa pambuyo pa catalysis. Zingwe zonse zazifupi ndizofanana kukula kwake, zomwe zimayimira kusankha kosasinthika pamitundu yosiyanasiyana yoyambitsa. Kuphatikiza apo, pali maunyolo ang'onoang'ono opangidwa ndi malo ang'onoang'ono othandizira chifukwa zomwe zimachitika mwachangu. Ngongole: Chithunzichi mwachilolezo cha Argonne National Laboratory, US Department of Energy
Ukadaulo wokwezera pulasitiki ukupititsidwa patsogolo ndi chothandizira chomwe chapangidwa posachedwapa chophwanya mapulasitiki. Gulu la asayansi otsogozedwa ndi asayansi a Ames Laboratory adapeza choyamba processive inorganic chothandizira mu 2020 kuti awononge mapulasitiki a polyolefin kukhala mamolekyu omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga zinthu zofunika kwambiri. Gululi tsopano lapanga ndikutsimikizira njira yofulumizitsa kusintha popanda kupereka zinthu zofunika.
Chothandizirachi chidapangidwa ndi Wenyu Huang, wasayansi ku Ames Laboratory. Amakhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta platinamu tomwe timakhala pakatikati pa silika wolimba komanso wozunguliridwa ndi chipolopolo cha silika chokhala ndi pores yunifolomu chomwe chimapereka mwayi wofikira malo othandizira. Pulatinamu yonse yomwe ikufunika ndi yochepa kwambiri, yomwe ndi yofunika chifukwa cha kukwera mtengo kwa platinamu komanso kuchepa kwake. Pakuyesa kukonzanso, maunyolo aatali a polima amalowera m'mabowo ndikulumikizana ndi malo othandizira, ndiyeno maunyolowo amathyoledwa kukhala tizidutswa tating'onoting'ono zomwe sizilinso zapulasitiki (onani chithunzi pamwambapa kuti mumve zambiri).
Malinga ndi Aaron Sadow, wasayansi ku Ames Lab komanso director of the Institute for Cooperative Upcycling of Plastics (iCOUP), gululo linapanga mitundu itatu ya chothandizira. Kusiyanasiyana kulikonse kunali ndi ma cores a kukula kofanana ndi zipolopolo za porous, koma ma diameter osiyanasiyana a platinamu particles, kuchokera 1.7 mpaka 2.9 mpaka 5.0 nm.
Ofufuzawo adaganiza kuti kusiyana kwa tinthu tating'ono ta platinamu kungakhudze kutalika kwa maunyolo azinthu, kotero tinthu tating'ono tating'ono ta platinamu titha kupanga maunyolo aatali ndipo ang'onoang'ono amatha kupanga maunyolo amfupi. Komabe, gululo linapeza kuti utali wa maunyolo a mankhwalawo unali wofanana pazitatu zonse zitatu.
"M'mabuku, kusankha kwa carbon-carbon bond cleavage reactions nthawi zambiri kumasiyana ndi kukula kwa platinamu nanoparticles. Poyika platinamu pansi pa ma pores, tidawona chinthu chapadera," adatero Sadow.
M'malo mwake, mlingo umene maunyolowo anathyoledwa kukhala mamolekyu ang'onoang'ono anali osiyana ndi zolimbikitsa zitatu. Tinthu tating'ono ta platinamu tidachita ndi unyolo wautali wa polima pang'onopang'ono pomwe tinthu tating'ono tidachita mwachangu. Mlingo wowonjezerekawu ukhoza kuchitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa malo a platinamu m'mphepete ndi pamakona pamtunda wa nanoparticles ang'onoang'ono. Masambawa amagwira ntchito kwambiri podula unyolo wa polima kuposa platinamu yomwe ili pankhope za tinthu tating'onoting'ono.
Malinga ndi Sadow, zotsatira zake ndizofunika chifukwa zikuwonetsa kuti zochita zitha kusinthidwa mopanda kusankha pazotsatira izi. "Tsopano, tili ndi chidaliro kuti titha kupanga chothandizira kwambiri chomwe chingatafune polima mwachangu kwambiri, pogwiritsa ntchito zida zopangira zida kuti tiyimbire kutalika kwake kwa unyolo," adatero.
Huang anafotokoza kuti mtundu waukulu wa molekyulu reactivity mu porous catalysts ambiri si ambiri anaphunzira. Chifukwa chake, kafukufukuyu ndi wofunikira kuti mumvetsetse sayansi yofunikira komanso momwe imagwirira ntchito pakukweza mapulasitiki.
"Tiyenera kumvetsetsa bwino dongosololi chifukwa tikuphunzirabe zatsopano tsiku lililonse. Tikuyang'ana magawo ena omwe titha kuyimba kuti tiwonjezere kuchuluka kwa zopanga ndikusintha kagawidwe kazinthu," adatero Huang. "Chifukwa chake pali zinthu zambiri zatsopano pamndandanda wathu zomwe zikuyembekezera kuti tipeze."
Tanthauzo: "Nanoparticles Wolamulidwa Kukula Wophatikizidwa mu Mesoporous Architecture Imatsogolera ku Hydrogenolysis Yogwira Ntchito ndi Yosankha ya Polyolefins" ndi Xun Wu, Akalanka Tennakoon, Ryan Yappert, Michaela Esveld, Magali S. Ferrandon, Ryan A. Hackler, Anne M. LaPointe, Andreas Heyden, Massimiliano Delferro, Baron Peters, Aaron D. Sadow ndi Wenyu Huang, 23 February 2022, Journal of the American Chemical Society.
DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11694
Kafukufukuyu adachitidwa ndi Institute for Cooperative Upcycling of Plastics (iCOUP), motsogozedwa ndi Ames Laboratory. iCOUP ndi Energy Frontier Research Center yopangidwa ndi asayansi ochokera ku Ames Laboratory, Argonne National Laboratory, UC Santa Barbara, University of South Carolina, Cornell University, University kumpoto, ndi University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign.
