Pa Bangor Christian School ku Maine ana a sitandade XNUMX amaphunzitsidwa “kutsutsa ziphunzitso za chipembedzo chachisilamu ndi choonadi cha Mawu a Mulungu.” Kuti agwire ntchito pasukulupo, mphunzitsi ayenera kutsimikizira kuti “iye ndi Mkristu ‘Wobadwanso’ amene amadziŵa Ambuye Yesu Kristu monga Mpulumutsi,” ndiponso “ayenera kukhala wokangalika, wopereka chachikhumi cha mpingo wokhulupirira Baibulo.”
Mofananamo, ku Maine’s Temple Academy, aphunzitsi amasaina pangano lovomereza kuti “Mulungu amaona kuti [ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha] ndi olakwa ena ndi opotoka” ndi kuti “kupatuka pa miyezo ya m’Malemba ndiko chifukwa chothetsera.” Kachisi sadzavomereza ana amene amadziŵikitsa kukhala ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kapena “ochokera m’nyumba zosiyana kwambiri ndi maziko a Baibulo a sukuluyo.”
Kupatulapo lingaliro lililonse la ziphunzitso za masukulu mwanjira ina kapena imzake, pali okhometsa misonkho ambiri omwe angamve kukhala osamasuka kulipirira sukulu zomwe malingaliro awo amakhalidwe amasiyana ndi awo, ndipo zomwe, monga lamulo la sukulu, zimalola okhawo omwe amatsatira chipembedzo china. maphunziro mu ntchito zawo. Komabe izi ndi zomwe Khothi Lalikulu lagamula m'chilimwe chino Carson v. Makin chisankho. Maine ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zake zolipiridwa ndi okhometsa misonkho pophunzitsa anthu kuti athandizire kulimbikitsa dziko komanso malingaliro achipembedzo chimodzi.
Khoti Lalikulu lamilandu, koma monganso pamilandu yambiri yovuta ngati imeneyi yokhudza tsogolo la anthu ambiri, oweruza akadali m'bwalo lamilandu la anthu. Kodi ufulu wachipembedzo uli bwinoko kuposa kale lonse? Kodi mpanda wolekanitsa pakati pa Tchalitchi ndi Boma wakhalabe wakuthwa ndi wokhazikika?
Kupatukana kwa Katswiri wa Tchalitchi ndi Boma Charles Haynes, m'modzi, sakudziwa choti achite tsopano. Haynes, yemwe, malinga ndi Washington Post, “ndipo analemba bukuli lonena za mutu wa Dipatimenti Yoona za Maphunziro ku United States pamodzi ndi mabwenzi osiyanasiyana monga National Association of Evangelicals and the American Civil Liberties Union,” akudandaula kuti zigamulo monga za Carson v. Makin ndi nkhani zofalitsidwa kwambiri za Kennedy v. Chigamulo cha Chigawo cha Bremerton School pomwe khothi lalikulu lidapeza mokomera wophunzitsa mpira yemwe amapemphera pamzere wa mayadi 50 pabwalo lamasewera asukulu yasekondale, omwe amalipidwa ndi okhometsa msonkho, achepetsa malire pakati pa boma ndi chipembedzo mpaka kusazindikira bwino.
“Ndinene chiyani tsopano? Ndikuti chiyani?…Tsopano tili pomwe mukudabwa ngati pali Chigamulo chilichonse chokhazikitsidwa,” adatero Haynes ponena za mawu 10 oyambirira a Choyamba Kusinthidwa amaletsa malamulo “kukhazikitsa” chipembedzo.
Ndi Amereka akukhala osiyanasiyana pofika tsiku lomwe malingaliro a ambiri ndikuti Khothi Lalikulu latseguladi chitseko. Koma n’chiyani? Kuti azindikirenso zosoŵa za zipembedzo zonse, osati chimodzi chokha? Kodi tsopano tiwona Asilamu odzipereka akuvumbulutsa zomangira zawo za mapemphero m'mabwalo a mpira wa kusekondale? Kodi masukulu achihebri a Orthodox tsopano alipidwa mokwanira ndi ndalama za boma? Kapena kodi chidzakhala, monga momwe otsutsa akunenera, chifukwa chinanso choopseza ndi kuzunza ana asukulu ochepa amene satsatira unyinji wa anthu—monga mmene anachitira pasukulu yasekondale ya ku West Virginia kumayambiriro kwa chaka chino pamene mnyamata wachiyuda anakakamizika kupita nawo ku pemphero lachikristu. msonkhano wotsutsana ndi chifuniro chake? Amayi ake anati, “Sindikugogoda chikhulupiriro chawo, koma pali nthaŵi ndi malo a chirichonse—ndipo m’masukulu aboma, panthaŵi ya sukulu, si nthaŵi ndi malo.
Kwakhala kotentha ndithu ndi momwe khoti lalikulu lagamula zomwe khoti lalikulu lachita kuyambira pa Bungwe la Anti-Defamation League (ADL) chidzudzulo chakuthwa, “Njira ya Khoti yoona kuti palibe choipa pa pemphero la mphunzitsi idzalimbikitsa awo amene akufuna kutembenuza m’masukulu a boma kuti achite zimenezo ndi dalitso la Khoti; ku ku US Conference of Catholic Bishops mokondwera, “Leri ndi tsiku losaiwalika m’moyo wa dziko lathu, limene limatilimbikitsa maganizo, maganizo athu ndi mapemphero athu.”
Mtsutso woti utali watali bwanji wokhudza boma ndi mpingo wakhala uli nafe utali wa Republic. Mu 1785 potsutsa lamulo lofanana ndi la Carson v. Makin lomwe likanapereka ndalama za boma ku sukulu yachikhristu ndipo chifukwa chake zikanatanthauzidwa ngati kukondera kapena kuthandizira chipembedzo chimenecho, Bambo Woyambitsa James Madison analemba buku lokonda kwambiri "Chikumbutso ndi Kutsutsa Kuwunika kwa Chipembedzo,” limene limanena zina ponena za ufulu wachipembedzo kuti: “Ufulu umenewu mwachibadwa ndi ufulu wosaneneka. Ndizosasinthika, chifukwa malingaliro a anthu, malingana ndi umboni wongoganizira okhawo sangatsatire zomwe anthu ena amanena: Ndizosavomerezeka, chifukwa chomwe chili choyenera kwa anthu, ndi udindo kwa Mlengi. "
Chifukwa cha chipwirikiti cha James Madison ndi bwenzi lake, a Thomas Jefferson, biluyo sinavomerezedwe ndipo lamuloli silinaperekedwe.
Jefferson analemba Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom mu 1777, ndipo anapanga mawu akuti “khoma la kulekanitsa pakati pa tchalitchi ndi boma” m’kalata ya 1802 yopita ku Danbury Baptist Association monga kufotokozera mwachidule za ufulu wachipembedzo.
Kodi maziko a linga limenelo alimba monga kale? Kodi iwo amatsimikizirabe ufulu weniweni wa chipembedzo kwa zipembedzo zonse—zing’onozing’ono, zaunyinji, ndi chirichonse chapakati?
Zimatengera yemwe akuyankhula. Woimira Lauren Boebert (R-Colo) polankhula ku msonkhano wachipembedzo ku Colorado, anati, “Mpingo uyenera kutsogolera boma. Boma siliyenera kutsogolera mpingo. Umu si mmene Abambo athu Oyambitsa ankafunira. Ndatopa ndi kulekana kwa tchalitchi ndi boma zomwe sizili mu Constitution. Zinali m'kalata yonunkha ndipo sizikutanthauza chilichonse chofanana ndi zomwe amati zimachita."
M'mbiri yakale, akuluakulu a boma ndi opanga malamulo a dziko lathu akhala akugwirizana kugwirizana, makamaka, kuti chipembedzo chothandizidwa ndi boma ndi lingaliro loipa ndi loopsa, lovulaza ku chipembedzo chomwe chiyenera kuthandizidwa ndi umembala wake, wolamulidwa ndi malamulo ake komanso chiphunzitso ndi opanda kotheratu ku kusokonezedwa kulikonse ndi boma, kuphatikizapo chuma. Monga momwe Benjamin Franklin anachitira ndemanga, “Pamene Chipembedzo chiri chabwino, ndimalingalira kuti chidzadzichirikiza chokha; ndipo pamene sichingathe kudzichirikiza, ndipo Mulungu samasamala kuti achirikize, kotero kuti Mapulofesa ake ali ndi udindo wopempha thandizo la Civil Power, 'ndi chizindikiro, ndikuchidziwa, cha kukhala choipa.
