Tsiku la International Migrants Day, Kuzembetsa anthu osamukasamuka ndi mlandu wapadziko lonse, womwe umayika pangozi miyoyo ndi chitetezo cha osamukira kwawo.
Chiwawa, nkhanza ndi chiopsezo chogwiriridwa ndi mikhalidwe yofala ya umbandawu. Osamuka ambiri amafa ndi ludzu m’zipululu, amafera m’nyanja, kapena amakanika m’mitsuko.
Ozembetsa amapezerapo mwayi pa anthu amene akuthawa umphaŵi, masoka achilengedwe, mikangano kapena chizunzo, kapena kusowa ntchito ndi mwayi wophunzira, koma alibe mwayi woti asamuke movomerezeka.
“Anthu osamukira kumayiko ena amangoyang'aniridwa ndi mabungwe achifwamba ngati njira zosavuta zopezera phindu. Chifukwa chake, kutsatira ndalama zozembetsa anthu osamukira kumayiko ena ndikofunikira kwambiri polimbana ndi umbanda wolinganiza. Mchitidwe wozembetsa anthu mobisa umaika pangozi miyoyo ya anthu osamukira m’mayiko ena,” anatero John Brandolino, Mtsogoleri wa bungwe la United Nations Office on Drug and Crime (UNODC).
Kusamuka kwa dziko lonse phunziro Bungwe la International Organisation for Migration (IOM) likuwonetsa kuti padziko lonse lapansi panali anthu 281 miliyoni osamukira kumayiko ena mu 2020, zomwe zikufanana ndi 3.6 peresenti ya anthu padziko lonse lapansi.
Zambiri zaposachedwa za kuchuluka kwa anthu osamukira kumayiko ena omwe amazemberedwa mozembetsa sizikupezeka, koma UNODC apezeka kuti osachepera 2.5 miliyoni osamukira kumayiko ena adazembetsedwa mu 2016 kudzera m'njira 30 zazikulu padziko lonse lapansi zozembetsa.
Mu Novembala 2000 UN idavomereza Pulogalamu motsutsana ndi Kuzembetsa Anthu Osamuka ndi Malo, Nyanja ndi Air, zomwe ndi gawo la UN Convention against Transnational Organised Crime.
Maiko a 151 omwe avomereza panganoli mpaka pano akuyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti kuzembetsa anthu osamukira kumayiko ena ndi mlandu komanso kuchitira chifundo anthu osamukira kumayiko ena, osawawona ngati ophwanya malamulo. UNODC imathandiza maikowa pothandizira kufufuza kwa mayiko ozembetsa, ndi kufufuza ndi kulanda ndalama zoletsedwa pamlanduwu.
Pamene tikuyandikira International Othawa kwawo Lamlungu lino, Disembala 18, UNODC yalemba zotsatira zingapo zopambana zomwe idachita pofuna kuthana ndi zigawenga zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kuzembetsa anthu othawa kwawo.
Mwachitsanzo, UNODC yathandiza maboma azamalamulo ku Caribbean kuti alimbikitse mayankho awo anzeru komanso ogwirira ntchito pakusamuka, poyang'ana ntchito zosaka ndi zopulumutsa. Thandizo limeneli ndilofunika ngati tiganizira kuchuluka kwa ntchito ndi anthu othawa kwawo omwe mayiko akuitanidwa kuti ayankhe.
Mwachitsanzo, pofika mu November 2022, dziko la Dominican Republic lakhala likugwira ntchito yofufuza ndi kupulumutsa anthu 558 othawa kwawo komanso kulanda maboti 39 omwe ankazembetsa anthu.
Momwemonso, kuyambira Novembara 2022, Trinidad ndi Tobago yachita ntchito 519 panyanja zomwe zidapangitsa kufufuza ndi kupulumutsa osamukira 151. UNODC's Global Maritime Crime Programme yapanga maphunziro ovomerezeka am'madera okhudzana ndi zombo za osamukira kunyanja ndikukhazikitsa malo ophunzitsira ku Trinidad ndi Tobago kuti apititse patsogolo ntchitoyi ku Caribbean. Kuphatikiza apo, yapereka mwayi kwaukadaulo ndi zida zothandizira mayiko kuzindikira ndi kuletsa kuyenda kwa osamukira kunyanja pomwe akulimbikitsa chitetezo cha magulu onse okwera ndi osamukira.
Mu Okutobala 2022, UNODC ndi IOM adakhazikitsa njira yothandizirana ndi mabungwe omwe amayang'ana kwambiri kuthana ndi kuzembetsa anthu osamukira kumayiko ena pansi pa UN Network on Migration. Pulatifomuyi ikuphatikizanso bungwe la UN High Commission for Refugees ndi mabungwe atatu a anthu ngati mamembala.
Patsiku lino, kudzipereka kwa UNODC kuteteza miyoyo ya anthu othawa kwawo komanso ufulu waumunthu pothana ndi kuzembetsa anthu osamukira kwawo kwatsimikiziridwa. Monga Brandolino amanenera, "UNODC imalimbikitsa ndikuthandizira kuchotsedwa kwa magulu a zigawenga omwe amaika miyoyo ya anthu othawa kwawo pangozi ndikuwonetsa kunyalanyaza ufulu wachibadwidwe. Upandu utha kupewedwa ngati kusamuka kumathandizira, m'malo moletsedwa. ”
Mwezi uno mudzawona kukhazikitsidwa kwachidule chosinthidwa kuzembetsa anthu osamukasamuka komanso kuzembetsa anthu panthawi yankhondo yaku Ukraine. Kafukufuku wa UNODC, kudzera pa intaneti UNODC Observatory on Smuggling of Migrants, imapanga deta yokhazikika ndi zosintha zofufuza ndikusanthula nkhani zazikuluzikulu zozembetsa.
Dinani Pano kuti mupeze kafukufuku wochulukirapo wa UNODC wokhudza kuzembetsa anthu othawa kwawo komanso momwe angathanirane nazo, kuphatikiza Phunziro la UNODC pa Kuzembetsa Anthu Osamuka, kafukufuku woyamba wa UNODC pa nkhani yofunikayi.
