Insulin ndi mahomoni opangidwa ndi kapamba omwe amawongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Kafukufuku watsopano wochitidwa ndi yunivesite ya Würzburg akusonyeza kuti kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kungachepetse kupanga kwa hormone iyi.
Insulin ndi mahomoni ofunikira omwe amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuwongolera kagayidwe ka shuga mwa anthu ndi zamoyo zina. Njira zomwe zimagwirira ntchito imeneyi zimamveka bwino. Komabe, zochepa zomwe zimadziwika za kuwongolera kwa
insulin
Insulin ndi mahomoni omwe amawongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga (shuga) m'magazi. Amapangidwa ndi kapamba ndipo amatulutsidwa m'magazi pamene kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumakwera, monga pambuyo pa chakudya. Insulin imathandiza kunyamula shuga kuchokera m'magazi kupita ku maselo, komwe imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mphamvu kapena kusungidwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito mtsogolo. Insulin imathandizanso kuwongolera kagayidwe ka mafuta ndi mapuloteni. Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga, thupi lawo silitulutsa insulini yokwanira kapena silimayankha bwino insulini, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga achuluke m'magazi, zomwe zingayambitse matenda aakulu ngati sanalandire chithandizo.
” data-gt-translate-attributes=”[{“attribute”:”data-cmtooltip”, “format”:”html”}]”>ma cell otulutsa insulin komanso kutulutsa kwa insulin.
Ofufuza ochokera ku Biocenter of Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU) Würzburg ku Germany apeza zatsopano zokhudzana ndi kuwongolera katulutsidwe ka insulin mu kafukufuku wawo waposachedwa womwe adasindikizidwa. Biology Yamakono. Gululi motsogozedwa ndi Dr. Jan Ache, lidagwiritsa ntchito ntchentche ya zipatso Drosophila melanogaster monga chamoyo chachitsanzo. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti ntchentche iyi imatulutsanso insulini ikadya, koma mosiyana ndi anthu, timadzi timene timapanga timadzi ta kapamba, koma timapangidwa ndi minyewa ya muubongo.
Chithunzichi chikuwonetsa mgwirizano pakati pa kayendetsedwe ndi kayendetsedwe ka maselo omwe amapanga insulini mu ntchentche za zipatso. Ngongole: Sander Liessem / University of Wuerzburg
Miyezo ya Electrophysiological mu ntchentche zogwira ntchito
Gulu la JMU lidawona kuti zolimbitsa thupi za ntchentche zimakhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu pama cell ake omwe amapanga insulin. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, ochita kafukufuku anayeza ntchito za maselowa electrophysiologically poyenda ndi kuwuluka Drosophila.
Chotsatira: liti Drosophila imayamba kuyenda kapena kuwuluka, maselo ake omwe amapanga insulini amaletsedwa nthawi yomweyo y. Ntchentcheyo ikasiya kusuntha, ntchito ya maselo imachulukanso kwambiri ndikumakwera pamwamba pamlingo wabwinobwino.
"Timalingalira kuti ntchito yochepa ya maselo opanga insulini panthawi yoyenda ndi kuthawa imathandizira kuti pakhale shuga kuti akwaniritse kuchuluka kwa mphamvu," akutero Dr. Sander Liessem, wolemba woyamba wa bukuli. "Tikukayikira kuti kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumawonjezera mphamvu za ntchentche, mwachitsanzo m'minofu."
Shuga wamagazi alibe gawo lililonse pakuwongolera
Gulu la JMU linathanso kusonyeza kuti kuletsa kwachangu, kodalira khalidwe la maselo opanga insulini kumayendetsedwa mwakhama ndi njira za neural. Dr. Martina Held, yemwenso ndi wolemba mabuku, akufotokoza motero:
Zimakhala zomveka kuti chamoyo chiyembekezere kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwamphamvu motere kuti tipewe kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa shuga m'magazi.
Insulin sichinasinthe kwenikweni pachisinthiko
Kodi zotsatira zake zimalola kuti anthu adziŵe? Mwina.
"Ngakhale kutulutsa kwa insulin mu ntchentche za zipatso kumayendetsedwa ndi maselo osiyanasiyana kuposa anthu, molekyulu ya insulini ndi ntchito yake sizinasinthe panthawi yachisinthiko," akutero Jan Ache. M'zaka zapitazi za 20, pogwiritsa ntchito Drosophila ngati chamoyo chachitsanzo, mafunso ambiri ofunikira ayankhidwa kale omwe angathandizenso kumvetsetsa bwino za zolakwika za kagayidwe kachakudya mwa anthu ndi matenda okhudzana nawo, monga shuga kapena kunenepa kwambiri.
Kuchepa kwa insulin kumatanthauza kukhala ndi moyo wautali
"Chosangalatsa chimodzi ndichakuti kuchepa kwa insulin kumathandizira kukalamba komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali," Sander Liessem akutiuza. Izi zawonetsedwa kale mu ntchentche, mbewa, anthu, ndi zina
mitundu
Mtundu ndi gulu la zamoyo zomwe zimagawana mikhalidwe yofanana ndipo zimatha kuswana ndi kubala ana obala. Lingaliro la zamoyo ndi lofunikira mu biology monga momwe limagwiritsidwira ntchito kugawa ndi kukonza zamoyo zosiyanasiyana. Pali njira zosiyanasiyana zofotokozera zamoyo, koma yovomerezeka kwambiri ndi lingaliro la zamoyo zamoyo, lomwe limatanthauzira zamoyo monga gulu la zamoyo zomwe zimatha kuswana ndikutulutsa ana otheka m'chilengedwe. Kutanthauzira kumeneku kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu biology ndi ecology kuzindikira ndikuyika zamoyo.
” data-gt-translate-attributes=”[{“attribute”:”data-cmtooltip”, “format”:”html”}]”>mitundu. Zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito pa moyo wokangalika. "Ntchito yathu ikuwonetsa ulalo womwe ungathe kufotokozera momwe kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kungakhudzire kuwongolera kwa insulin kudzera munjira zama neuronal."
Njira zina mu kafukufukuyu
Kenako, gulu la Jan Ache likukonzekera kufufuza kuti ndi ma neurotransmitters ndi ma neuronal ma circuit omwe amachititsa kusintha kwa zochitika m'maselo omwe amapanga insulini mu ntchentche. Izi zitha kukhala zovuta: Kuchulukira kwa zinthu za ma messenger ndi mahomoni amakhudzidwa ndi njira zopangira ma neuromodulatory, ndipo zinthu payokha zimatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zotsutsana kapena zophatikizana.
Gululi tsopano likusanthula njira zambiri zomwe ma cell omwe amapanga insulin amasinthira kuchokera kunja. Akufufuzanso zinthu zina zomwe zingakhale ndi chikoka pa ntchito ya maselowa, mwachitsanzo, zaka za ntchentche kapena zakudya zawo.
"Mofananirako, tikufufuza momwe ubongo umayendera komanso kuuluka," akufotokoza motero Jan Ache. Cholinga cha nthawi yaitali cha gulu lake, akuti, ndikubweretsa mafunso awiri ofufuza pamodzi: Kodi ubongo umalamulira bwanji kuyenda ndi makhalidwe ena, ndipo dongosolo la mitsempha limatsimikizira bwanji kuti mphamvu ya mphamvu ikuyendetsedwa moyenera?
Umboni: “Kusintha motengera mkhalidwe wa ma cell omwe amapanga insulin Drosophila” wolemba Sander Liessem, Martina Held, Rituja S. Bisen, Hannah Haberkern, Haluk Lacin, Till Bockemühl ndi Jan M. Ache, 28 December 2022, Biology Yamakono.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.12.005
