HRWF (10.07.2023) - Pa June 26, Federal Observatory on Cults (CIAOSN/IACSSO), yomwe imadziwika kuti "Center for Information and Advice on Harmful Cltic Organizations” ndipo idapangidwa ndi lamulo la June 2, 1998 (losinthidwa ndi lamulo la pa Epulo 12, 2004), linafalitsa “Malangizo okhudza thandizo kwa omwe akhudzidwa ndi miyambo yachipembedzo".
M'chikalatachi, Observatory ikuwonetsa kuti cholinga chake ndi "kulimbana ndi machitidwe osaloledwa a zipembedzo".
Mchitidwe wosaloleka wa zipembedzo
Choyamba, ziyenera kutsindika kuti lingaliro la "chipembedzo" (secte mu French) si gawo la malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi. Gulu lirilonse lachipembedzo, lauzimu, lafilosofi, laumulungu kapena losakhala laumulungu, kapena aliyense wa mamembala ake, akhoza kudandaula chifukwa chophwanya ufulu wa chipembedzo kapena chikhulupiriro. Ambiri achita zimenezi bwinobwino m’mayiko a ku Ulaya, kuphatikizapo ku Khoti Loona za Ufulu wa Anthu ku Ulaya malinga ndi Gawo 9 la Pangano la Mayiko a ku Ulaya:
“Aliyense ali ndi ufulu wa kuganiza, chikumbumtima, ndi chipembedzo; ufulu umenewu umaphatikizapo ufulu wosintha chipembedzo chake kapena chikhulupiriro ndi ufulu, kaya ali yekha kapena ali pamodzi ndi anthu ena, poyera kapena mwamseri, kusonyeza chipembedzo kapena chikhulupiriro chake, polambira, pophunzitsa ndiponso potsatira zimene amakhulupirira.”
Kachiwiri, mwalamulo sitingathe kuzindikira timagulu tachipembedzo. Kusindikizidwa kwa mndandanda wamagulu 189 omwe akuwakayikira omwe ali nawo Lipoti lanyumba yamalamulo yaku Belgian pazachipembedzo mu 1998 idatsutsidwa kwambiri panthawiyo chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito zida zosala, makamaka osati ndi ofalitsa nkhani okha. Pomalizira pake zinazindikiridwa kuti zinalibe phindu lalamulo ndipo sizikanatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito monga chikalata chalamulo m'makhoti.
Chachitatu, Khoti Loona za Ufulu wa Anthu ku Ulaya posachedwapa linapereka chigamulo pa mlandu wa Tonchev ndi Ena v. Bulgaria ya Disembala 13, 2022 (Nr 56862/15), kutsutsa a Evangelicals ku dziko la Bulgaria pa kugaŵiridwa ndi akuluakulu aboma kabuku kochenjeza za magulu oopsa, kuphatikizapo chipembedzo chawo. Makamaka, Khotilo linalengeza kuti:
53 (…) Khotilo likuwona kuti mawu omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito mu kalata yozungulira komanso chidziwitso cha pa Epulo 9, 2008 - yomwe idafotokoza zochitika zina zachipembedzo, kuphatikiza Evangelicalism, yomwe mabungwe omwe adapemphayo ali nawo, ngati "mipatuko yowopsa yachipembedzo" yomwe "imatsutsana ndi Chibulgaria. malamulo, ufulu wa nzika ndi bata la anthu” komanso omwe misonkhano yawo imawulula otenga nawo mbali ku “zovuta zama psychic” (ndime 5 pamwambapa) - zitha kuwonedwa ngati zachipongwe komanso zaudani. (…)
M’mikhalidwe imeneyi, ndipo ngakhale ngati miyeso yomwe akudandaulidwayo sinalepheretse mwachindunji kuti abusa odandaulawo kapena achipembedzo anzawo asonyeze chipembedzo chawo mwa kulambira ndi kuchita, Khotilo likuona, mogwirizana ndi lamulo lake lomwe latchulidwa pamwambapa. (ndime 52 pamwambapa), kuti miyesoyi ingakhale ndi zotsatira zoyipa pakugwiritsa ntchito kwa mamembala amipingo pokayikira ufulu wawo wachipembedzo.
Chigamulo cha Khoti Loona za Ufulu wa Anthu ku Ulaya pa mlandu wa Tonchev ndi Ena v. Bulgaria ya Disembala 13, 2022 (Nr 56862/15)
Ndime 52 ya chigamulocho imatchula milandu ina monga "Leela Förderkreis eV ndi Others v. Germany” ndi “Center of Societies for Krishna Consciousness Mu Russia ndi Frolov v. Russia", momwe kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mawu onyoza "mpatuko" kunatsutsidwa ndi Khoti Lalikulu la ku Ulaya ndipo tsopano akutumikira monga lamulo. Onaninso ndemanga pa chigamulo cha Khothi ku Europe ndi Massimo Introvigne mu Zima Zambiri pamutu wakuti “Khoti Loona za Ufulu wa Anthu ku Ulaya: Maboma sayenera kutcha zipembedzo zazing'ono 'mipatuko'. "
Ntchito yovomerezeka ya Belgian Cult Observatory chifukwa chake ndiyosemphana kwambiri ndi Khothi Lalikulu la ku Europe pakusala anthu otchedwa "mabungwe achipembedzo owopsa," malingaliro odziwikiratu onyoza.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mawu achipongwe onena za amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, anthu aku Africa kapena magulu ena onse a anthu ndikoletsedwa ndi lamulo. Zisakhale zosiyana ndi magulu achipembedzo kapena zikhulupiriro.
Pomaliza: Ndi ndani, ndimotani komanso molingana ndi mikhalidwe yotani ya “kuvulaza” “mabungwe achipembedzo owopsa” akazindikiritsidwa mwalamulo?
Ntchito ya Observatory imakhalanso yotsutsana.
Kumbali imodzi, ntchito yake ndi yolimbana ndi zomwe zimatchedwa "zosaloledwa" zamagulu achipembedzo, zomwe ziyenera kukhala zoyenerera ndi chiweruzo chomaliza osati kale.
Kumbali ina, ntchito yake ndi "kulimbana ndi mabungwe achipembedzo owopsa", zomwe zitha kuchitika popanda chigamulo chilichonse chokhudza magulu omwe akuyenera kuwatsata. Kusaloŵerera m’ndale kwa boma kuli pachiwopsezo, makamaka chifukwa chakuti “magulu achipembedzo” ambiri kapena mamembala awo apambana pamilandu ingapo ku Strasbourg motsutsana ndi mayiko a ku Ulaya malinga ndi Gawo 9 la Pangano la Mayiko a ku Ulaya loteteza ufulu wa chipembedzo kapena chikhulupiriro.
Ntchito ya Belgian Cult Observatory yomwe ili pachiwopsezo chodandaula ku Strasbourg
Mbali izi za ntchito ya Observatory sizingatsutse madandaulo ku Khothi la Europe.
Zoonadi, tisaiwale zotsatira zodabwitsa za dandaulo laposachedwa lokhudza misonkho yatsankho lomwe mpingo wa Mboni za Yehova wa Mboni za Yehova unapereka ku Strasbourg, lomwe bungwe la Belgian Cult Observatory ndi akuluakulu a boma la Belgian linkaona kuti ndi lampatuko. Khoti la ku Ulaya ndiye linadzudzula momveka bwino kusowa kwathunthu kwa maziko aliwonse alamulo ovomerezeka ndi boma magulu achipembedzo ndi afilosofi, omwe sanali mbali ya madandaulo, ndipo anapempha Belgium kuti igwirizane ndi malamulo apadziko lonse.
Pa 5 Epulo 2022, pamlanduwo Mpingo wa Mboni za Yehova wa Anderlecht and Others v. Belgium (chikalata cha 20165/20) chokhudza tsankho la msonkho wa Mboni za Yehova, Khoti Loona za Ufulu wa Anthu ku Ulaya linachita zimenezi, pamodzi, kuti panali:
“Kuphwanya Gawo 14 (loletsa tsankho) lowerengedwa limodzi ndi Gawo 9 (ufulu wa kuganiza, chikumbumtima ndi chipembedzo) la Pangano la Mayiko a ku Ulaya la Ufulu Wachibadwidwe.”
Idagwirizananso, mogwirizana, kuti dziko la Belgium liyenera kulipira ma euro 5,000 (EUR) wokhudzana ndi ndalama ndi zowonongera.
Khotilo linaonanso zimenezo palibe njira zozindikirira kapena njira zotsogolere kuzindikirika kwachikhulupiriro ndi boma la feduro sizinakhazikike mu chida chokwaniritsa zofunikira za kupezeka ndi kuwoneratu, zomwe zinali zokhazikika mu lingaliro la lamuloli.
Belgium tsopano yakhazikitsa gulu logwira ntchito kuti liwunikenso pambuyo pozindikira boma la mabungwe achipembedzo ndi afilosofi. Belgium iyenera kuyembekezeranso nkhani ina yokhudzana ndi mfundo zachipembedzo ndikutsatira chitsanzo cha Switzerland ndi zake Center for Information on Belieef (CIC).
