M’malo mongofuna anthu ogwiriridwa, Zotsatira PROTEX, bungwe la boma la Argentina lolimbana ndi kuzembetsa anthu ndi zigawenga zomwe zimadyera mahule mahule, zapekanso mahule ongoyerekeza ndipo potero adazunza anthu pochenjeza atolankhani pomwe adachita chipwirikiti chodabwitsa cha SWAT mu Ogasiti 2022 pa Buenos Aires Yoga School (BAYS). ), gulu la chikhulupiriro cha filosofi akuti amayendetsa mphete ya uhule komanso malo ena makumi asanu ku Buenos Aires.
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Zonsezi, zikalata zomangidwa zidaperekedwa kwa anthu 19, amuna 10 ndi akazi 9, omwe akuti amayendetsa zigawenga. Onse anatsekeredwa m’ndende ndipo anaikidwa m’ndende yowawa kwambiri kwa nthaŵi zoyambira masiku 18 mpaka 84. M’milandu iwiri, Khoti Loona za Apilo linathetsa chigamulocho chifukwa chopanda maziko. Enawo ndi aulere ndipo akuyembekezera gawo lotsatira.
Mahule onyenga
Amayi asanu azaka zopitilira makumi asanu, atatu azaka zazaka makumi anayi ndi m'modzi wazaka zapakati pa XNUMX mbali imodzi akusumira otsutsa awiri a PROTEX pa. zodzinenera zopanda pake zoti amachitiridwa nkhanza zokhudza kugonana m'dongosolo la sukulu ya yoga. Kumbali ina, iwo ndi ozunzidwa kwenikweni ndi PROTEX popeza tsopano ali ndi manyazi a hule, omwe amatsutsa mwamphamvu kuti adakhalapo. Ngakhale uhule siwololedwa ku Argentina, kuwonongeka kwake ndi kwakukulu m'moyo wawo waumwini, wabanja, komanso wantchito.
Mahule onyengawa adafunsidwa posachedwapa ku Buenos Aires ndi Susan Palmer, Pulofesa Wothandizira mu Dipatimenti ya Zipembedzo ndi Zikhalidwe pa yunivesite ya Concordia ku Montreal (Canada) ndi Mtsogoleri wa Children in Sectarian Religions and State Control Project pa McGill University (Canada), akuthandizidwa. ndi Social Sciences ndi Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC). Azimayiwa si ochokera m'gulu losatetezeka ndipo sanatengedwepo ku Argentina. Iwo ndi apakati ndipo anali ndi ntchito. Pamafunsowa, adakananso mwamphamvu kuti amachita uhule. Kuyambira lero, PROTEX sanapereke umboni uliwonse wa uhule, ndipo chifukwa cha mtundu uliwonse wa nkhanza mu chimango ichi.
Mu lipoti lolembedwa bwino lamasamba 22 lofalitsidwa mu kope la July-August la Journal ya CESNUR, Susan Palmer anatsindika mbali zosiyanasiyana za zotsatira zowonongeka za ntchito ya PROTEX m'miyoyo ya mahule ongoganizira komanso ma pimps awo ongoganizira mu BAYS.
Anthu omwe anamangidwawo anaimbidwa mlandu wokhudza zigawenga, kuzembetsa anthu, kuchitira anthu zachiwerewere komanso kuba ndalama mwachinyengo. Lamulo No 26.842 la Kupewa ndi Kulanga Kuzembetsa Anthu ndi Thandizo kwa Ozunzidwa.
Lamulo loletsa kugwiriridwa
Mpaka 2012, milandu yotereyi inali yolangidwa ndi Law 26.364 koma pa 19 December 2012, lamuloli lidasinthidwa kotero kuti linatsegula chitseko cha kutanthauzira ndi kukhazikitsidwa kotsutsana. Tsopano yadziwika kuti Malamulo 26.842.
Kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama pochita uhule ndi anthu ena kuyenera kuyimbidwa m'makhothi chifukwa nthawi zambiri ozunzidwa amakhala azimayi osauka, othawa kwawo, kapena amayi omwe amatumizidwa kunja kukachita uhule. Ena amavomereza kuonedwa ngati ozunzidwa. Ena samatero. M’gulu lachiŵirili, akazi ambiri amanena kuti kusankha kwawo kuchita uhule n’komwe chifukwa amaopa kubwezera chilango kwa ma pimp awo kapena mphete ya mafia imene amadalira. Atha kuwonedwa ngati ozunzidwa komanso makhothi omwe amayang'anira kafukufuku, ngakhale akukana.
Mahule ena odziyimira pawokha omwe salumikizidwa ndi netiweki iliyonse amalengezanso kuti ndi chisankho chenicheni komanso kuti sali ozunzidwa. Ndipamene kutanthauzira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito Chilamulo 26.842 kumakhala kovuta kwambiri chifukwa malamulo amawaona ngati ozunzidwa, ngakhale akukana.
Potsirizira pake, amayi ena omwe sanachite nawo uhule amaonedwa kuti ndi ozunzidwa, motsutsana ndi chifuniro chawo, ndi dongosolo lachiweruzo chifukwa cha kafukufuku wokhudza bungwe lomwe likuganiziridwa kuti likugwiriridwa. Umu ndi nkhani ya azimayi asanu ndi anayi omwe adaphunzira nawo Sukulu ya Yoga ya Buenos Aires omwe amakana mwamphamvu kuchita uhule m'miyoyo yawo.
Abolitionism, lingaliro lokayikitsa la "zachikazi".
Mfundo ziwiri za ndale, kuthetsa ndi kukhala ndi malo okhala, zikusemphana maganizo pa nkhani ya uhule.
Pankhani yamalamulo okhudza uhule, kuthetseratu ndi sukulu yamalingaliro yomwe cholinga chake ndi kuthetsa uhule ndikukana mitundu yonse ya malo okhala yomwe imavomereza. Othandizira njira zonsezi amavomereza kuletsa uhule, koma kuchotseratu pakali pano kumaona kuti mahule "onse" ndi ozunzidwa ndi machitidwe omwe amawadyera masuku pamutu chifukwa cha chiopsezo chawo. Malingaliro awa okhudza ozunzidwa komanso momwe ali pachiwopsezo adavomerezedwa ndi PROTEX.
Cholinga choyambirira cha gulu lothetsa uhule chinali kutsutsa malo okhala ndi kuwongolera uhule, zomwe mwa zina zidakhazikitsa ulamuliro wachipatala ndi apolisi kwa mahule.
Kuyang'anira ndi kuwongolera uhule kunali kukhazikitsidwa kwa uhule ndikukhazikitsa mwalamulo kugula. Monga gulu la neo-abolitionist, lomwe liri ndi masomphenya owonjezereka kuposa a kuthetseratu koyambirira, linanena kuti mitundu yosatsutsika yachiwawa yomwe imatsagana ndi malonda ndi uhule wokakamizidwa ndizogwirizana ndi kusowa chilango kwa ogula, cholinga chake ndi kuletsa mitundu yonse ya kugwiritsira ntchito nkhanza. uhule kulikonse kumene ungathe kuchitika.
Chotsatira chinali kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa malo “ololedwa mosakhazikika” kumene uhule ukhoza kugwiritsiridwa ntchito ndi mphete zaupandu, monga “masauna,” “mapub,” “makalabu a kachasu,” “makalabu ausiku,” “makalabu a yoga,” ndi zina zotero. , zomwe amati zimalimbikitsidwa popanda chilango m'manyuzipepala komanso m'manyuzipepala. Ofesi ya Public Prosecutor's inalimbikitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa njira zomwe cholinga chake ndi kuvumbulutsa chophimba cha "nyumba zolekerera" izi, zomwe ndi kopitako anthu ozembetsa ndi cholinga chofuna kugwiriridwa, komanso omwe amavomerezedwa kuti ndi abodza komanso osayenera.
Njirayi idapereka chitseko chotseguka ku kukaikira kwa nkhanza zogonana m'magulu auzimu monga BAYS.
Kusokonekera kwa PROTEX pa nkhani yozunzidwa
Kukhazikitsidwa kotsutsana kwa Lamulo lotsutsana la 26.842 pamodzi ndi kufalitsidwa kwake ndi anthu apamwamba anzeru ndi oweruza ku Argentina adatsutsidwa ndi Marisa S. Tarantino m'buku lomwe adasindikiza mu 2021 pansi pa mutu wakuti "Ni víctimas ni zigawenga: trabajadores sexes. Una critica feminista a las políticas contra la trata de personas y la prostitución” (Ozunzidwa Kapena Olakwa: Ogwira Ntchito Zogonana. A Feminist Critique of Anti-Trafficking and Anti-Prostitution Policies; Buenos Aires: Fondo de Cultura Económica de Argentina).
Marisa Tarantino ndi Woimira Malamulo pa Ofesi ya Attorney General of the Nation ndipo anali Mlembi wakale wa Federal Criminal and Correctional Prosecutor's Office No. 2 ya Federal Capital. Ndi katswiri pa Justice Administration (Universidad de Buenos Aires/Buenos Aires University) ndi Criminal Law (Universidad de Palermo/ Palermo University). Popeza adatenga nawo gawo pamisonkhano yokonzedwa ndi PROTEX, malingaliro ake ndiwofunika kwambiri. Mwachidule, izi ndi zina mwazotsatira zake:
- "UFASE-PROTEX-yomwe inali imodzi mwa mabungwe omwe adagwirizana kwambiri ndi International Organisation for Migration kuti athetse vutoli - adadzipereka makamaka ku ntchito yofalitsa maganizo a neo-abolitionist, kuwonetsa ngati njira yoyenera yochitira milandu. za malonda ndi nkhanza zogonana. Izi zidawonekera pakukonza maphunziro angapo ophunzitsira ndi zokambirana, zida zofalitsira, 'ndondomeko zabwino kwambiri,' komanso ngakhale kupanga maphunziro. Zonsezi zidalimbikitsa kwambiri mabungwe osiyanasiyana m'dziko lonselo” (tsamba 194).
- "Chotero, kuphatikizidwa kwa malingaliro awa, omwe adamangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zazikulu za neo-abolitionist, zidapangitsa kuti (kukonzanso) kutanthauzira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bungwe ndi kusinthana kwa ntchito zogonana pokhudzana ndi mikangano yaupandu komanso, makamaka, mu za malonda” (tsamba 195).
Izi ndi zomwe zinapangidwa ndi zosintha za 2012 zamalamulo okhudza kuzembetsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito uhule ndi magulu a zigawenga komanso kuvomereza kwa PROTEX kwa ndale za neo-abolitionist zomwe (mis) zinagwiritsidwa ntchito kulungamitsa kuphwanya kwa BAYS.
Kupatula chitsanzo cha ndale, PROTEX adapeza wothandizirana ndi munthu wotsutsa-chipembedzo Pablo Salum yemwe adawombera mivi yake yonse kumagulu achipembedzo omwe si achikhalidwe kapena zikhulupiliro ku Argentina, kuphatikizapo mayiko olemekezeka. Evangelical NGO yomwe malo ake 38 adawukira posachedwa pa milandu yomwe akuimbidwa mlandu wozembetsa anthu.
Katatu ka diabolocal pamlandu wa BAYS: malingaliro andale, chinyengo cha ozunzidwa, banja la PROTEX ndi Salum.
BAYS ndi omwe adazunzidwa ndi chitsanzo cha ndale, womanga mapulani a PROTEX, ndi anti-cultist Pablo Salum.
Salum, yemwe amakhala ndi achibale ake akuchita yoga ku BAYS mpaka ali wachinyamata, adafika ndi "mtengo wowonjezedwa" pamakanganowo. Anadzudzula BAYS kuti ndi “mpatuko,” kulamulira ndi kusokoneza akazi kuti awaloŵetse m’mahule ndi cholinga chodzipezera ndalama. Udindo wake unatonthozedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa malipoti ofalitsa nkhani, yomwe inatulutsanso milandu yake popanda kufufuza, Umu ndi momwe BAYS inakhalira "gulu lachipembedzo lochititsa mantha" ku Argentina ndi kunja.
Malipoti angapo a ofufuza akunja awonetsa kuti Salum amangofalikira zongopeka ndi mabodza za BAYS ndi magulu atsopano achipembedzo kuti akope chidwi cha atolankhani pa iye yekha.
Atsogoleri ena a PROTEX mopanda nzeru anayamba kucheza ndi Salum yemwe adamuona ngati mwayi woti afufuze ndikuzenga milandu yamagulu atsopano pomuimba mlandu wozembetsa anthu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito uhule.
Kumbali imodzi, malinga ndi PROTEX, anthu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita uhule onse ndi ozunzidwa kwenikweni chifukwa chotengera kusatetezeka kwawo, ngakhale akukana mwamphamvu. Kumbali ina, malinga ndi a Salum, zipembedzo zimachitanso chimodzimodzi posokoneza maganizo a mamembala awo ndikugwiritsa ntchito zofooka zawo. Kuzunzidwa kwachiwopsezo molingana ndi PROTEX ndi kuzunzidwa kwa kufooka molingana ndi Salum wotsutsa-chipembedzo motero kumabweretsa zotsatira zomwezo: kulengedwa kwa otchedwa ozunzidwa omwe sadziwa kuti ndi ozunzidwa ndikukana.
Izi zikufotokozera msampha womwe BAYS ndi azimayi asanu ndi anayi omwe PROTEX adawafotokozera ngati anthu osadziwa za uhule ndi gulu la zigawenga adagweramo.
Kodi mungachoke bwanji mumsampha umenewu? Argentina ikadali demokalase ndipo chilungamo ndiye njira yayikulu yotulukira. Gulu lachikhristu "Como vivir por fe" adapambana mlandu wawo wotsutsana ndi PROTEX mu Novembala 2022 pambuyo pa chiwembu chomwe chidayambitsidwa ndi Pablo Salum komanso milandu yozunza komanso kugulitsa ziwalo. Khothi lidadzudzula Salum chifukwa "chophunzitsa" ndikusokoneza mboni yayikulu.
Pankhani ya BAYS, kusokoneza ubongo ndi lingaliro longopeka lomwe limatsutsidwa ngati lingaliro kulibe ndi akatswiri a maphunziro achipembedzo. Ponena za odandaula akazi asanu ndi anayi makhothi adzayenera kuzindikira kuti palibe umboni wogulitsa ntchito zogonana.
Machenjerero a PROTEX ndi Co. posachedwapa adatsutsidwa ndi CAP/Liberté de Conscience, NGO yomwe ili ndi udindo wa ECOSOC, pa Gawo la 53 la UN Human Rights Council ku Geneva.
PROTEX ndi mabwalo amilandu ku Argentina angachite bwino kumvera chenjezoli asanagope pamaso pa mabungwe apadziko lonse lapansi omenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe. mzimu wa uhule zisowa mu nkhani ya BAYS.
