Poyembekezera tsiku la World Mental Health Day, World Health Organisation (WHO) ndi Office of the High Commissioner on Human Rights (OHCHR) apereka limodzi lero malangizo akuti "Malangizo ndi Zochita za Umoyo Wamaganizo, Ufulu Wachibadwidwe ndi Malamulo.” Cholinga chake ndikuthandizira mayiko omwe ali kukonzanso malamulo awo kuti athetse kuphwanya ufulu wa anthu ndi kupititsa patsogolo mwayi wopeza chithandizo chabwino chamankhwala amisala.
Kuphwanya ufulu wa anthu ndi machitidwe okakamiza mu Psychiatry
Zochitika za kuphwanya ufulu wa anthu ndi machitidwe okakamiza pankhani yazaumoyo akupitilirabe padziko lonse lapansi nthawi zambiri mothandizidwa ndi malamulo ndi mfundo zomwe zilipo kale. Izi zikuphatikizapo kuchipatala ndi chithandizo cha moyo wosakhazikika, komanso thupi, kuzunzidwa m'maganizo ndi m'maganizo komwe kumakhala kofala m'mathandizo ambiri azaumoyo.
Ngakhale kuti mayiko angapo ayesetsa kukonzanso malamulo, ndondomeko ndi ntchito zawo kuyambira pamene bungwe la United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons Disabilities linakhazikitsidwa mu 2006 ndi ochepa okha omwe adachitapo kanthu kuti asinthe malamulo oyenerera pamlingo waukulu. Izi ndizofunikira kuti athetse nkhanzazi ndikulimbikitsa ufulu mkati mwa chisamaliro chamankhwala.
Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Mtsogoleri Wamkulu wa WHO akutsindika kuti “Thanzi la m'maganizo ndi gawo lomwe silingasiyanitsidwe ndi ufulu wokhala ndi thanzi. "
Amatsutsanso kuti izi malangizo atsopano zidzathandiza mayiko kupanga masinthidwewo kuti apereke chithandizo chamankhwala chapamwamba chamisala chomwe chimathandizira kuchira kwa anthu ndikulemekeza ulemu wawo. Izi zimapereka mphamvu kwa anthu omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino komanso olumala m'maganizo kuti azikhala ndi moyo wabwino komanso wathanzi m'madera awo.
Volker Türk, Bungwe la UN High Commissioner for Human Rights likugogomezera kufunika kosintha mautumiki a umoyo wamaganizo osati pongofikira komanso pazikhalidwe zawo zazikulu zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti zimagwirizanadi ndi zosowa ndi ulemu wa munthu aliyense. Akuti bukuli limapereka chitsogozo cha momwe njira yozikidwa pa ufulu ingathandizire kusintha kofunikira mkati mwa machitidwe azaumoyo.
Kulimbikitsa Chisamaliro Chogwira Ntchito cha Umoyo Wamaganizo Okhazikika M'madera
Ndalama zambiri zomwe boma limagwiritsa ntchito pazaumoyo wamaganizidwe zimaperekedwa ku zipatala zamisala, makamaka m'maiko opeza ndalama zambiri omwe amawerengera 43% ya bajetiyo. Komabe, umboni umasonyeza kuti ntchito zothandizira anthu ammudzi sizingopezeka mosavuta komanso zimakhala zotsika mtengo komanso zogwira mtima poyerekeza ndi zitsanzo za mabungwe a chisamaliro chamaganizo.
Chitsogozochi chikuwonetsa njira zofulumizitsa ndondomeko yochotseratu anthu ndikukhazikitsa njira yokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu okhudzana ndi thanzi la maganizo pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo za ufulu waumunthu. Izi zikuphatikizapo kukhazikitsa malamulo omwe pang'onopang'ono amalowa m'malo mwa mabungwe ndi njira zothandizira anthu ammudzi ndi ntchito zambiri, monga thandizo la ndalama, chithandizo cha nyumba ndi maukonde othandizira anzawo.
Kuthetsa Makhalidwe Ankhanza
Malinga ndi omwe adachita nawo mwambowu ndi onse omwe adatenga nawo gawo pazotsatirazi, ndikofunikira kuti athetse zochita zoumiriza mu umoyo wamaganizo. Mchitidwewu, monga kutsekeredwa m'ndende ndi kulandira chithandizo mokakamizidwa, kudzipatula ndi kudziletsa, zimaphwanya ufulu wa anthu kupanga zisankho zodziwikiratu pazamankhwala awo omwe angasankhe.
Komanso, pali umboni wochuluka wosonyeza zotsatira za machitidwe okakamizawa pa thanzi lakuthupi ndi lamaganizo. Iwo amaipiraipira mikhalidwe yomwe ilipo ndikupatula anthu pamagulu awo othandizira.
Chitsogozocho chikuwonetsa kuphatikiza zomwe zimachotsa kukakamiza muzachipatala. Ikugogomezera kufunikira kokhazikitsa chilolezo chodziwitsidwa monga mwala wapangodya wa njira zonse zothandizira matenda amisala. Kuphatikiza apo, imapereka malingaliro amomwe mungasamalire milandu mkati mwa malamulo ndi ndondomeko popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mokakamiza.
Kutengera Njira Yozikidwa pa Ufulu pa Umoyo Wathanzi
Pozindikira kuti kulimbikitsa thanzi kumangopitilira gawo lazaumoyo chitsogozo chatsopanochi chikulunjika kwa opanga malamulo ndi opanga mfundo omwe akukhudzidwa ndikukonzekera, kukonza ndi kukhazikitsa malamulo okhudzana ndi thanzi lamalingaliro. Izi zikuphatikizapo malamulo okhudza nkhani monga umphawi, kusalingana ndi tsankho.
Chitsogozochi chikuphatikizanso mndandanda wa maiko kuti awone ngati malamulo awo okhudzana ndi thanzi akugwirizana, ndi udindo wapadziko lonse waufulu wachibadwidwe. Kuphatikiza apo, ikuwonetsa kufunikira kofunafuna upangiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zochitika komanso mabungwe omwe amawayimira ngati gawo lofunikira pakuchita izi. Ikugogomezeranso kufunika kwa maphunziro ndi kudziwitsa anthu za nkhani zokhudza ufulu.
Ngakhale kuti chitsogozochi chikusonyeza ndondomeko ndi ndondomeko zomwe zingakhale ngati ndondomeko ya malamulo, zimazindikira kuti mayiko ali ndi mwayi wosintha ndikusintha malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili. Izi zikuphatikizapo kuganizira zinthu monga nkhani, zilankhulo, zikhulupiriro za chikhalidwe, machitidwe azamalamulo ndi zina zambiri, pamene akutsatira mfundo za ufulu wa anthu.
Pa Okutobala 10, bungwe la World Health Organisation (WHO) lidalumikizana ndi anthu kukondwerera Tsiku la World Mental Health Day 2023 pansi pamutu wakuti "Thanzi lamalingaliro ndi ufulu wofunikira kwa onse."
Mndandanda waukulu ndi wofunikira wa Kuyamikira
Kukonzekera ndi kuyanjanitsa kwa Maupangiri awa motsogozedwa ndi Michelle Funk ndi Natalie Drew Bold moyang'aniridwa ndi Dévora Kestel wochokera ku dipatimenti ya Mental Health and Substance Use of the World Health Organisation (WHO) mogwirizana ndi Gawo la Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. wa Ofesi ya United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR). Gulu Lolemba Bukuli linalembedwa limodzi ndi WHO ndi OHCHR. M'malo mwa WHO Alberto Vásquez Encalada (Consultant, Switzerland), Michelle Funk (Dipatimenti ya Mental Health and Substance Use, WHO) ndi Natalie Drew Bold (Dipatimenti ya Mental Health and Substance Use, WHO). M'malo mwa OHCHR Staff mamembala a Economic, Social and Cultural Rights Section. WHO and OHCHR would like to thank the following individuals and organizations for their valuable contributions, feedback and inputs: External contributors and reviewers Natalie Abrokwa (University of Groningen, Kingdom of the Netherlands), Nazish Arman (Shuchona Foundation, Bangladesh), Peter Bartlett (Centre for Mental Health and Human Rights, Institute of Mental Health, Nottingham University/WHO Collaborating Centre on Mental Health, Disability and Human Rights, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland), Shreya Bhardwaj (Charles University, Czech Republic), Valerie Bichelmeier (Make Mothers Matter, France), Joann Bond (Attorney General’s Chambers and the Ministry of Legal Affairs, Guyana), Mauro Giovanni Carta (University of Cagliari, Italy), Francesca Centola (Mental Health Europe, Belgium), Pyali Chatterjee (ICFAI University, India), Dixon Chibanda, (Friendship Bench and University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe), María Soledad Cisternas (former Special Envoy of the United Nations Secretary-General on Disability and Accessibility, Chile), Lee Allison Clark (Native Women’s Association of Canada, Canada), Jarrod Clyne (International Disability Alliance, Switzerland), Ria Mohammed-Davidson (Attorney at Law, Human Rights and Mental Health, Trinidad and Tobago), Maria de Lourdes Beldi de Alcântara (Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil), Eric Diaz Mella (Centro de Reorganimación Regional y Observatorio Social, Chile), Robert Dinerstein (American University Washington College of Law, the United States of America), Zuzana Durajová (Charles University, Czech Republic), Julian Eaton (CBM Global, the United Kingdom), Elisabetta Pascolo Fabrici (Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI)/WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health, Italy), Alexandra Finch (Georgetown University, the United States), Leon Garcia (Centro and Hospital das Clínicas, Brazil), Neeraj Gill (Griffith University, Australia), Guilherme Gonçalves Duarte (Permanent Mission of Portugal in Geneva, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Portugal), Piers Gooding (La Trobe Law School, Australia), Lawrence Gostin (O’Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law at Georgetown University Law Center, Georgetown University/WHO Collaborating Center for National and Global Health Law, the United States), Kristijan Grđan (Association for Psychological Support Croatia, Croatia, and Mental Health Europe, Belgium), Vivian Hemmelder (Mental Health Europe, Belgium), Edgar Hilario (Department of Health, Philippines), Torsten Hjelmar (Citizens Commission on Human Rights Europe, Denmark), Mushegh Hovsepyan (Disability Rights Agenda, Armenia), Dr Irmansyah (The National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia), Simon Njuguna Kahonge (Ministry of Health, Kenya), Olga Kalina (Georgian Network of (Ex)Users and Survivors of Psychiatry, Georgia, and the European Network of (Ex)Users and Survivors of Psychiatry (ENUSP), Denmark), Elizabeth Kamundia (Kenya National Commission on Human Rights, Kenya), Sylvester Katontoka (Mental Health Users Network of Zambia, Zambia), Brendan Kelly (Trinity College Dublin, Ireland), Hansuk Kim (Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea), Seongsu Kim (Dawon Mental Health Clinic, Republic of Korea), Bernard Kuria (Ministry of Health, Kenya), Karilė Levickaitė (NGO Mental Health Perspectives, Lithuania, and Mental Health Europe, Belgium), Carlos Augusto de Mendonça Lima (World Psychiatric Association Section of Old Age Psychiatry, Switzerland), Laura Marchetti (Mental Health Europe, Belgium), Claudia Marinetti (Mental Health Europe, Belgium), Nemache Mawere (Ingutsheni Central Hospital, Zimbabwe), Felicia Mburu (Article 48 Initiative, Kenya), Roberto Mezzina (International Mental Health Collaborating Network and World Federation for Mental Health, Italy), Kendra Milne (Health Justice, Canada), Angelica Chiketa Mkorongo (Zimbabwe Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Trust, Zimbabwe), Guadalupe Morales Cano (Fundación Mundo Bipolar and European Network of (Ex)Users and Survivors of Psychiatry, Spain), Fabian Musoro (Ministry of Health, Zimbabwe), Macharia Njoroge (Championing for Community Inclusion in Kenya, Kenya), Nasri Omar (Ministry of Health, Kenya), Cheluchi Onyemelukwe-Onuobia (Babcock University, Nigeria), Hazel Othello (Ministry of Health, Trinidad and Tobago), Gemma Parojinog (Commission on Human Rights, Philippines), Soumitra Pathare (Indian Law Society, India), Eduardo Pinto da Silva (Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Portugal), Gerard Quinn (UN Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, Ireland), Carlos Rios-Espinosa (Human Rights Watch, the United States), Gabriele Rocca (World Association for Psychosocial Rehabilitation and WAPR Human Rights Committee, Italy), Jean-Luc Roelandt (Service de recherche et de formation en santé mentale, Etablissement Public de Santé Mentale (EPSM) Lille Métropole/Centre collaborateur de l’OMS pour la Recherche et la Formation en Santé mentale, France), Marta Rondon (Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, Peru), Artur Sakunts (Helsinki Citizens’ Assembly – HCA Vanadzor, Armenia), San San Oo (Aung Clinic Mental Health Initiative, Myanmar), Liuska Sanna (Mental Health Europe, Belgium), Josep Maria Solé Chavero (Support-Girona Catalonia, Spain), Slađana Štrkalj Ivezić (University Psychiatric Hospital Vrapče, Croatia), Charlene Sunkel (Global Mental Health Peer Network, South Africa), Kate Swaffer (Dementia Alliance International, Australia), Bliss Christian Takyi (St.
