Boma lotsogozedwa ndi Awami League likunena kuti lidzipereka ku zisankho zaufulu komanso zachilungamo zomwe zichitike pa 7 Januware 2024 pomwe nthawi yomweyo akuluakulu aboma akudzaza ndende ndi mamembala otsutsa ndale ndipo ali ndi udindo wogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu mopitilira muyeso, kukakamiza kuzimiririka, kuzunzika ndi kupha anthu popanda milandu.
Chipani chachikulu chotsutsa mdzikolo cha Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) ndi ogwirizana nawo aganiza zonyanyala zisankho ponena kuti zisokonezedwa ndi chipani cholamula cha Awami League (AL).
Otsutsa akufuna kuti boma lisiye ntchito ndikusamutsira mphamvu kwa oyang'anira osalowerera ndale kuti aziyang'anira zisankho, koma zakanidwa mwamphamvu ndi Awami League.
Kuponderezana kwakukulu panthawi yachisankho
Chiyambire msonkhano waukulu wa ndale womwe BNP idakonza pa Okutobala 28 motsutsana ndi boma lolamulira, motsogozedwa ndi Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina, otsutsa osachepera 10,000 amangidwa. Ena ambiri athawa m’nyumba zawo kuti asamangidwe ndipo abisala. M'ndende mulibenso malo, malinga ndi bungwe la Human Rights Watch, lomwe likuti anthu osachepera 16 aphedwa ndipo anthu opitilira 5,500 avulala.
Kumapeto kwa Novembala, Nahid Hasan, mtolankhani watsamba lazankhani la Jagonews24.com adawukiridwa likulu la Dakha pomwe anali kunena za mkangano womwe unakhudza ophunzira a Awami League. Ochita zachiwembuwo anali Tamzeed Rahman, mtsogoleri wa gulu la Achinyamata la Awami League wokhala ndi amuna pafupifupi 20-25. Anamugwira ndi kolala, kumumenya mbama ndi kumumenya mpaka anagwa pansi pomwe anapitiriza kumumenya ndi kumupondaponda. Iyi inali nkhani yaposachedwa kwambiri mpaka pano pakuwukira kwa anthu atolankhani ndi otsatira mgwirizano wa zipani 14 motsogozedwa ndi Awadi League.
Kuukira, kuyang'anira, kuopseza ndi kuzunzidwa kwa atolankhani m'zaka zingapo zapitazi zachititsa kuti anthu ambiri azidziyesa okha m'manyuzipepala.
Milandu yopitilira 5,600 yokhudzana ndi ufulu wolankhula, kuphatikiza ya atolankhani otchuka komanso akonzi, idakalipobe pansi pa lamulo lodzudzulidwa kwambiri la Digital Services Act, malinga ndi United Nations.
Nkhawa za UN pa kumangidwa kwa anthu ambiri
Pa 13 November, bungwe la UN Human Rights Council linamaliza ntchito yake kuwunika kwanthawi ndi nthawi zaufulu wa anthu ku Bangladesh pomwe mabungwe ambiri omwe siaboma adadandaula ndi kuphwanyidwa kowopsa kwa ufulu wa anthu ndi boma lotsogozedwa ndi Awami.
Tsiku lotsatira, 14 November, Mayi Irene Khan, Mtolankhani Wapadera pa kulimbikitsa ndi kuteteza ufulu wa maganizo ndi maganizo; Mr.Clément Nyaletsossi Voule; Mtolankhani wapadera waufulu wa kusonkhana mwamtendere ndi kusonkhana; ndi Mayi Mary Lawlor, Mtolankhani wapadera pazochitika za omenyera ufulu wa anthu, adadzudzula nkhanza zowopsa kwa ogwira ntchito omwe akufuna kuti alipidwe mwachilungamo komanso olimbikitsa ndale omwe akufuna kuti chisankho chichitike mwaufulu ndi mwachilungamo. Iwo adzudzulanso nkhanza zochitidwa ndi atolankhani, omenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe ndi atsogoleri a mabungwe, komanso kulephera kusintha malamulo opondereza ufulu wolankhula.
Mawu a a UN Special Rapporteurs anali ogwirizana ndi chilengezo china cha UN pa 4 Ogasiti 2023 chodzudzula ziwawa zisanachitike zisankho, kuyitanitsa apolisi "kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu mopitilira muyeso pakati pa ziwawa zomwe zikuchitika mobwerezabwereza komanso kumangidwa kwa anthu ambiri chisankho chisanachitike." Malinga ndi mneneri wa bungwe la United Nations, “Apolisi, pamodzi ndi amuna ovala zovala wamba, awonedwa akugwiritsa ntchito nyundo, ndodo, mileme ndi chitsulo, pakati pa zinthu zina, kumenya otsutsa.”
Zowopsa za United States
Mu Seputembara 2023, United States idayamba kuletsa ma visa kwa akuluakulu aku Bangladeshi omwe adapezeka kuti ali ndi udindo "wosokoneza zisankho za demokalase ku Bangladesh." A US atha kuganiziranso zilango zowonjezera kwa omwe ali ndi udindo wolamulira nkhanza zomwe zikuchitika pano. Mphunzitsi wamkulu cholinga awa zilango ndi chipani cholamula cha Awadi League, mabungwe azamalamulo, oweruza ndi mabungwe achitetezo.
Ndi muyeso uwu, olamulira a Biden akugwirizanabe ndi mfundo zake ku boma lotsogozedwa ndi Awami. Mu 2021 ndi 2023, izo adasiya Bangladesh Pamisonkhano iwiri ya "Summit for Democracy", ngakhale idayitana Pakistan (yomwe ili yotsika kuposa Bangladesh pama index osiyanasiyana a demokalase, kuphatikiza a Freedom House. Ufulu mu World Index ndi Economist Intelligence Unit's Demokalase Index).
Pa 31 Okutobala, kazembe wa US Peter Haas adalengeza kuti "Zochita zilizonse zomwe zimasokoneza zisankho zademokalase - kuphatikiza ziwawa, kuletsa anthu kuchita nawo ufulu wawo wosonkhana mwamtendere, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti - zikukayikira kuthekera kochita zisankho zaufulu ndi zachilungamo."
Kumayambiriro kwa Novembala, atsogoleri a Awami League adawopseza mobwerezabwereza kuti amenya kapena kupha Haas.
Nkhawa za European Union pazasankho
Pa Seputembara 13, Commissioner for Cohesion and Reforms, Elisa Ferreira, adalankhula m'malo mwa Woyimilira wamkulu / Wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti Josep Borrell za momwe ufulu wachibadwidwe ku Bangladesh akugogomezera kuti "EU ikuda nkhawa ndi malipoti okhudza kupha anthu mopanda chilungamo komanso kukakamiza anthu kuti azisowa. ku Bangladesh.”
Ananenanso kuti EU ilowa nawo bungwe la United Nations lofuna kuti pakhale njira yodziyimira payokha yofufuza zomwe zasowa komanso kupha anthu mopanda chilungamo. Bangladesh iyeneranso kulola kuyendera kwa United Nations Working Group on Enforced Disappearances.
Pa Seputembara 21, European Union idasankha kuti isatumize gulu lonse la owonera zisankho zomwe zikubwera ku Bangladesh potengera zovuta za bajeti.
Pa 19 October, tEU idadziwitsa bungwe la Election Commission (EC) yaku Bangladesh kuti itumiza gulu la anthu anayi kuti likawonere zisankho zomwe zikubwera., Malinga ndi Business Standard. Malinga ndi kalata yomwe idatumizidwa ndi Unduna wa Zachilendo, gululi lidzayendera Bangladesh kuyambira 21 Novembara 2023 mpaka 21 Januware 2024 kuti akawone zisankho.
EU sinatumize owonera pazisankho ziwiri zapitazi mu 2014 ndi 2018 yomwe idapambana ndi Awadi League. Mu 2014, Bangladesh Nationalist Party, chipani chachikulu kwambiri chotsutsa, idanyanyala ndipo idzachitanso mu Januware 2024.
EU idatumiza ntchito yayikulu pachisankho cha 2008 pomwe idatumiza nthumwi yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi yowonera ku Bangladesh yokhala ndi anthu 150 ochokera m'maiko 25 a EU, kuphatikiza Norway ndi Switzerland.
Maboma angapo akunja akhala akuyitanitsa zisankho zaulere ku Bangladesh mobwerezabwereza.
Mgwirizano wamalonda pakati pa EU ndi Bangladesh ngati chida champhamvu chotheka chofewa
Chifukwa cha mwayi wamalonda woperekedwa ku Bangladesh, EU ili ndi mphamvu, kupitirira zomwe ikuyembekeza komanso zofuna zake, kulimbikitsa boma lake kuti liwonetsetse zisankho zaufulu ndi zachilungamo.
EU imagwira ntchito limodzi ndi Bangladesh mumayendedwe a Mgwirizano wa EU-Bangladesh Cooperation, lomwe linamalizidwa mu 2001. Panganoli limapereka mwayi woti anthu azigwirizana, kuphatikizapo ufulu wachibadwidwe.
EU ndiye mnzawo wamkulu wamalonda ku Bangladesh, akuwerengera pafupifupi 19.5% yazamalonda onse mdzikolo mu 2020.
Zogulitsa zochokera ku EU kuchokera ku Bangladesh zimayendetsedwa ndi zovala, zomwe zimaposa 90% yazogulitsa zonse za EU kuchokera mdziko muno.
Zomwe EU imatumiza ku Bangladesh imayang'aniridwa ndi makina ndi zida zoyendera.
Pakati pa 2017 ndi 2020, EU-28 yochokera ku Bangladesh idafika pafupifupi € 14.8 biliyoni pachaka, yomwe imayimira theka la zomwe Bangladesh zonse zimatumizidwa kunja.
Monga Dziko Losatukuka Kwambiri (LDC), Bangladesh imapindula ndi ulamuliro wabwino kwambiri womwe ukupezeka pansi pa EU's Generalized Scheme of Preferences (GSP), womwe ndi dongosolo la Chilichonse Koma Zida (EBA). EBA ikupereka ma LDC 46 - kuphatikiza Bangladesh - mwayi wopanda msonkho, wopanda kowuti ku EU potumiza zinthu zonse kunja, kupatula zida ndi zipolopolo. Human Rights Without Frontiers ikulimbikitsa EU kuti igwiritse ntchito mwamphamvu mphamvu zake zofewa kuti zikhazikike bwino BangladeshKulemekeza ufulu wachibadwidwe chisanachitike zisankho ndi mwayi wake wazamalonda.
