Mmodzi mwa mitundu isanu ndi iwiri ya sharks ndi cheza cham'madzi akuwopsezedwa kuti atha chifukwa chakusodza kwambiri, malinga ndi zaka zisanu ndi zitatu zatsopano. phunziro yatulutsidwa lero m'magazini Science.
Mwachindunji, kafukufukuyu adapeza kuti shaki ndi cheza zimagwidwa mwangozi m'malo osodza omwe amayang'ana kwambiri zamoyo zamalonda. Komabe, amasungidwa chifukwa cha mtengo wa mafuta awo ndi nyama. Izi, mogwirizana ndi kuwonjezereka kwaposachedwa kwapadziko lonse kwa malonda a mafuta a chiwindi cha shark, zachititsa kuti chiwerengero cha anthu chichepe kwambiri.
“Pafupifupi theka la shaki zapadziko lonse lapansi zimapezeka pansi pa mamita 200, pansi pamene kuwala kwadzuŵa kumafika m’nyanja,” akutero Nicholas Dulvy, Pulofesa Wolemekezeka wa SFU wa Marine Biodiversity and Conservation.
Nthawi yoyamba imene amaona kuwala kwa dzuŵa ndi pamene amakokeredwa m’bwato la usodzi.”
Kusanthula kwatsopano kumeneku kwa Dulvy kudayesa mitundu yopitilira 500 ya shaki ndi cheza ndikuphatikiza akatswiri opitilira 300 ochokera padziko lonse lapansi. Linapeza kuti zamoyo pafupifupi 60 zili pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha kutha chifukwa cha kusodza kwambiri, malinga ndi mfundo za International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species.
"Pamene nyanja zazikulu ndi madzi a m'mphepete mwa nyanja akuchepa m'mayiko ambiri padziko lapansi, tikulimbikitsa asodzi kuti azipha nsomba m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndipo zakhala zotheka mwaukadaulo kuwedza mpaka kilomita yakuzama," akutero Dulvy.
Nsomba za m'madzi akuya ndi cheza ndi zina mwa zamoyo zam'madzi zomwe zimakhudzidwa kwambiri chifukwa chokhala ndi moyo wautali komanso kuchepa kwa kubereka. Ali ndi moyo wofanana kwambiri ndi zinyama zam'madzi monga anamgumi ndi ma walrus, omwe kale ankagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa cha mafuta awo ndipo tsopano atetezedwa kwambiri.
Dulvy anati: "Nsomba zambiri za m'madzi akuya ndi cheza zimatha kupirira kupanikizika kochepa kwambiri kwa nsomba." Mitundu ina ingatenge zaka 30 kapena kuposerapo kuti ikule, ndipo mwinanso zaka 150 ku Greenland Shark, ndipo imabala ana 12 okha m’moyo wawo wonse.”
Nsomba ndi cheza zimasunga kusangalala kwawo pokhala ndi chiwindi chamafuta, koma mafuta awa ndi amtengo wapatali. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu zodzoladzola, zopatsa thanzi komanso mankhwala, monga katemera. Pakhalanso chiwonjezeko chausodzi wa skate kuti zithandizire kufunikira kwa skate fermented skate, chakudya chachikhalidwe chaku Korea.
“Pakhala chipambano chachikulu pakuwongolera malonda a zipsepse za shaki. Tsopano tikuyenera kuyang'ana kwambiri pakuwongolera malonda amafuta a chiwindi padziko lonse lapansi. ”
Kuphatikiza pa kuwongolera malonda apadziko lonse a mafuta a chiwindi cha shark, kafukufukuyu akuvomerezanso kukakamiza padziko lonse kuteteza 30 peresenti ya nyanja zapadziko lonse lapansi pofika chaka cha 2030. Kuteteza 30 peresenti ya nyanja yakuya (200 mpaka 2,000 mamita) kungapereke 80 peresenti. chitetezo cham'mbali mwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kuletsa padziko lonse lapansi kupha nsomba pansi pa 800 metres kungapereke 30 peresenti pothawirapo pa gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a shaki ndi cheza chakuya chakuya.
Global Shark Trends Project ndi mgwirizano wa Simon Fraser University, IUCN Shark Specialist Group, James Cook University, ndi Georgia Aquarium, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mothandizidwa ndi Shark Conservation Fund.
Yolembedwa ndi Jeff Hodson
Source: SFU
