Mu Meyi 2023, LIGO (Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory) itayambiranso kuwunika kwake kwachinayi, idapeza chizindikiro champhamvu yokoka kuchokera kugundana ya chinthu, mwina nyenyezi ya nyutroni, yokhala ndi dzenje lakuda lomwe limaganiziridwa kuti lili ndi unyinji womwe ndi 2.5 mpaka 4.5 kuposa wa Dzuwa lathu.
Chizindikiro ichi, chotchedwa GW230529, ndichochititsa chidwi ofufuza chifukwa kuchuluka kwa dzenje lakuda kumagwera mkati mwazomwe zimatchedwa kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa nyenyezi zodziwika bwino za neutron, zomwe zimaposa pang'ono ma solar awiri, ndi mabowo akuda opepuka kwambiri, omwe ali pafupi. misa isanu ya dzuwa. Ngakhale kuti chizindikiro cha mphamvu yokoka chokha sichikhoza kuwulula zenizeni za chinthu ichi, kudziwika kwamtsogolo kwa zochitika zofanana, makamaka zomwe zimatsagana ndi kuphulika kwa kuwala, zingakhale ndi chinsinsi choyankha funso la momwe mabowo akuda opepuka angakhale opepuka.
Chithunzichi chikuwonetsa kugwirizana ndi kuphatikizika kwa dzenje lakuda lotsika kwambiri (malo otuwa) ndi nyenyezi ya neutroni (yopunduka kwambiri ndi mphamvu yokoka ya dzenje lakuda). Chifaniziro ichi chochokera ku kayeseleledwe kaphatikizidwe kamene kamangowonetsa zigawo zotsika kwambiri za nyenyezi ya neutroni, kuyambira magalamu 60 pa kiyubiki centimita (buluu wakuda) mpaka ma kilogalamu 600 pa kiyubiki centimita (yoyera). Maonekedwe ake akuwonetsa kupotoza kolimba kwa zinthu zotsika kwambiri za nyenyezi ya nyutroni. Ngongole Yajambula: Ivan Markin, Tim Dietrich (University of Potsdam), Harald Paul Pfeiffer, Alessandra Buonanno (Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics
"Zomwe zapezeka posachedwa zikuwonetsa kuthekera kochititsa chidwi kwa sayansi kwa netiweki yowunikira mphamvu yokoka, yomwe imakhala yovutirapo kuposa momwe idawonera kachitatu," atero a Jenne Driggers (PhD '15), wasayansi wotsogola ku LIGO Hanford ku Washington, Chimodzi mwazinthu ziwiri, pamodzi ndi LIGO Livingston ku Louisiana, zomwe zimapanga LIGO Observatory.
KULUMIKIZANA idapanga mbiri mu 2015 pambuyo pochita kuzindikira koyamba kwachindunji kwa mafunde okoka mumlengalenga. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, LIGO ndi chowunikira anzawo ku Europe, Virgo, apeza pafupifupi 100 kuphatikiza pakati pa mabowo akuda, ochepa pakati pa nyenyezi za neutroni, komanso kuphatikiza pakati pa nyenyezi za nyutroni ndi mabowo akuda. Chowunikira cha ku Japan KAGRA adalowa nawo pa intaneti yamphamvu yokoka mu 2019, ndipo gulu la asayansi omwe amasanthula deta kuchokera ku zowunikira zonse zitatu amadziwika kuti mgwirizano wa LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK). Malo owonera a LIGO amathandizidwa ndi National Science Foundation (NSF), ndipo adapangidwa, kumangidwa, ndipo amayendetsedwa ndi Caltech ndi MIT.
Zomwe zapeza posachedwa zikuwonetsanso kuti kugundana komwe kumakhudza mabowo akuda opepuka kungakhale kofala kwambiri kuposa momwe ankakhulupirira kale.
"Kuzindikira uku, koyambirira mwazotsatira zathu zosangalatsa kuchokera pa liwiro lachinayi la LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA, kukuwonetsa kuti pangakhale kugundana kofananako pakati pa nyenyezi za neutron ndi mabowo akuda ochepa kuposa momwe timaganizira kale," akutero Jess McIver. pulofesa wothandizira ku yunivesite ya British Columbia, wachiwiri kwa mneneri wa LIGO Scientific Collaboration, komanso mnzake wakale wa postdoctoral ku Caltech.
Zisanachitike mwambo wa GW230529, chinthu china chochititsa chidwi cha anthu omwe ali ndi kusiyana kwakukulu chinali kudziwika. Pazochitikazi, zomwe zidachitika mu Ogasiti 2019 ndipo zimadziwika kuti GW190814, a chinthu yaying'ono 2.6 dzuwa misa anapezeka monga mbali ya kugunda kwa cosmic, koma asayansi sakutsimikiza ngati inali nyenyezi ya nyutroni kapena dzenje lakuda.
Pambuyo pa nthawi yopuma yokonza ndi kukweza, ntchito yowunikira yachinayi iyambiranso pa Epulo 10, 2024, ndipo ipitilira mpaka February 2025.
Yolembedwa ndi Whitney Clavin
Source: Kalulu
