A ranar 1 ga Disamba, Robin Brooks, babban masanin tattalin arziki kuma manajan darakta na Cibiyar Kudi ta Duniya, ya yi tambaya, “Dole ne ku yi mamakin abin da ke faruwa a cikin EU. Yunkurin mamayar da Putin ya yi wa Ukraine babbar barazana ce ga duk wani abu da EU ta tsaya a kai. Amma akwai misalai da yawa kamar haka: Abubuwan da EU ke fitarwa zuwa Armeniya sun haura 200% tun bayan mamayewar. Wannan kayan yana zuwa Rasha kuma yana taimakawa Putin. Me Brussels ke yi?"
Ba zato ba tsammani, kwana ɗaya da ta gabata, a ranar 30 ga Nuwamba, Masanin Tattalin Arziki ya bayyana cewa “da alama Putin yana cin nasara a yaƙin Ukraine—a yanzu.” Wannan labarin ya yi tsokaci kan gazawar kasashen yammacin duniya wajen aiwatar da ingantattun takunkuman da aka kakaba wa Rasha tare da bayyana sunayen wasu kasashe da suke ba da rancen taimako ga kawayenta, wato Turkiyya, Kazakhstan, Iran, da Koriya ta Arewa.
Ba tare da damu da takunkumin da kasashen yamma suka sanyawa Rasha ba, Rasha ta yi nasarar kaucewa su ta hanyar samun jiragen yaki marasa matuka daga Iran, harsashi daga Koriya ta Arewa, da kayayyaki daban-daban ta Turkiyya da Kazakhstan. Jerin da alama gajeru ne, kuma bai haɗa da Armeniya da aka ambata ba. Wannan ƙasa, a cewar majiyoyi da yawa, tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan abokan haɗin gwiwar Rasha wajen siyan kayayyaki daban-daban daga EU da Gabashin Asiya har zuwa Fabrairu 2022.
Misali, Armeniya ba ta kera motoci, amma a matsayin Financial Times ya lura a watan Yulin 2023, fitar da motoci daga Armeniya zuwa Rasha ya karu daga dala 800,000 a watan Janairun 2022 zuwa sama da dala miliyan 180 a cikin wannan watan na 2023.
Amma ba motoci kawai ba: microchips, wayoyin hannu da sauran kayayyaki da dama suna shiga Rasha ta hanyar Armenia. Rahoton bankin Turai don sake ginawa da ci gaba bayanin kula cewa "sabbin sarƙoƙi ta hanyar Armeniya an kafa su a cikin kwanaki na takunkumin, kuma an ɗauki watanni da yawa don faɗaɗa su". A haɗin gwiwa bayani ta Ma'aikatar Shari'a ta Amurka, Ma'aikatar Kasuwanci, da Baitul malin Amurka sun rarraba Armeniya a matsayin "masu shiga tsakani na ɓangare na uku ko jigilar kayayyaki don gujewa takunkumin da ke da alaƙa da Rasha da Belarusiya da sarrafa fitar da kayayyaki."
Yana da mahimmanci a lura da hakan kusan kashi 40 cikin XNUMX na kayayyakin da Armeniya ke fitarwa zuwa Rasha ne, tare da yawancin kasuwancin da ke kunshe da sake fitar da kayayyaki na yammacin duniya wanda Moscow ba za ta iya samun kai tsaye ba. A cewar hukumar kididdiga ta kasar Armeniya, kasuwanci tsakanin Armeniya da Rasha ya kusan rubanya a shekarar 2022, inda ya kai dala biliyan 5.3. Kayayyakin da Armenia ke fitarwa zuwa Rasha ya kusan ninka sau uku, inda ya karu daga dala miliyan 850 a shekarar 2021 zuwa dala biliyan 2.4 a shekarar 2022 da dala biliyan 2.8 a shekarar 2023. Kayayyakin da ake shigo da su daga Rasha ya karu da kashi 151 cikin dari zuwa dala biliyan 2.87. Jimlar cinikin na Janairu-Agusta 2023 ya zarce dala biliyan 4.16., Kayayyakin da Armeniya ke fitarwa zuwa Rasha ya kai dala biliyan 2.3 a wannan lokacin, wanda ya zarce shigo da kaya a karon farko, wanda ya kai dala biliyan 1.86.
A cewar ma'aikatar baitul malin Amurka. Armeniya tana taimakon Tarayyar Rasha ba wai kawai wajen shigo da kayan farar hula ba, har ma da sayan kayan aikin soja.
Ya buga cikakken bayani game da sa hannun wani kamfani na Armeniya wajen siyan kayan aikin waje na masana'antar sojan Rasha. Kamfanin, mai suna Aurora Group, an yi zargin cewa ya sayi kayan lantarki masu mahimmanci daga masu samar da kayayyaki na Yamma sannan kuma ya sake fitar da su zuwa Rasha wanda ya saba wa dokar hana fitar da kayayyaki.
A cewar Bloomberg, akwai shaida na kayan aikin Turai ana jigilar su ta hanyar Armeniya don amfani da su wajen samar da sojojin Rasha.
Rahoton ya kawo wasu takardu kan jigilar kayayyaki da hirarraki da masana masana'antu a matsayin shaida cewa Armeniya na taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen taimakawa Rasha ta kaucewa takunkumi da kuma kiyaye karfinta na soja.
The tangarahu ya bayyana Cewar ci gaban tattalin arzikin Armeniya ya kai kashi 13 cikin 2022 a shekarar XNUMX, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama dan takara na uku a fannin tattalin arziki mafi sauri a duniya.
Jaridar ta kuma buga wani rahoto da Cibiyar Kula da Kudancin Caucasus ta Jamus ta fitar, wanda “ya bayyana cewa kayayyakin da ake fitarwa daga Jamus zuwa Armeniya sun tashi daga Yuro miliyan 178 zuwa Yuro miliyan 505 a shekarar 2022. Wannan na daga wata ƙasa ta EU. Fitar da kayayyakin da ake fitarwa daga Armenia zuwa Tarayyar Turai a cikin watanni goma sha biyu ya ninka daga Yuro miliyan 753 zuwa Yuro biliyan 1.3.
Tare da yawan jama'a miliyan uku da kuma GDP na kowane mutum kasa da kashi goma na matsakaicin Birtaniyya, waɗannan lambobin ba za su yiwu ba. Amma su na gaske ne. Abin da ke bayyane shi ne cewa shigo da kayayyaki zuwa da fitar da su daga Rasha - wadanda ba su da haraji da haraji tsakanin dukkan kasashen EAEU, ana karkatar da su ba tare da wata matsala ba zuwa kasashen waje ta jihohinsu ta tauraron dan adam ".
Bisa ga Jamestown Foundation, “Yawancin karuwar kasuwancin waje na Armeniya ba tare da wani muhimmin tushen tattalin arziƙin cikin gida ba, musamman haɓakar da ake samu a fitar da kayayyaki zuwa Rasha, da kuma jerin samfuran da aka yi ciniki da su da farko, suna ba da dalili na tunanin cewa waɗannan abubuwan na wucin gadi ne kuma Armeniya ta kasance kai tsaye. da hannu wajen sake fitar da kayayyakin takunkumi zuwa Rasha.
Bugu da ƙari, a cewar Ofishin Masana'antu da Tsaro na Amurka, Armeniya ta ƙara shigo da microchips da na'urori masu sarrafawa daga Amurka da kashi 515% kuma daga Tarayyar Turai da kashi 212% - sannan an ba da rahoton fitar da kashi 97% na waɗannan samfuran zuwa Rasha".
A cewar mujallar Poland Sabuwar Gabashin Turai, Yerevan yana taimakawa Moscow wajen kaucewa takunkumin EU, Amurka, da Birtaniya ta hanyar sauƙaƙe jigilar jiragen sama da makamai masu linzami na Iran.
Mujallar ta kawo bayanan aiki kan tashin jiragen sama daga filin jirgin sama na Zvartnots na Yerevan, inda ake zargin jirgin Soviet Ilyushin-76MD da jigilar jiragen Iran marasa matuka zuwa Rasha. Kamfanin jiragen saman Iran Air Cargo, kamfanin da Amurka ta sanya wa takunkumi, an lura da shi yana zirga-zirgar jiragen sama ta filin jirgin Yerevan zuwa da kuma daga Moscow, tare da sauran hukumomin Iran da ke da hannu wajen kai jiragen Iran maras matuki zuwa Rasha ta filayen jiragen saman Armenia.
A cewar majiyoyin Ukrainian, Armeniya tana aiki sosai ta yin amfani da hanyar teku da ke haɗa tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Batumi (Georgia) da Novorossiysk (Rasha) don sake fitar da kayayyaki da aka sanya wa takunkumi zuwa Tarayyar Rasha. Don haka, Kamfanin jigilar kayayyaki na Armenia ne ke da alhakin jigilar kwantena 600 na mako-mako tare da hanyar tekun Batumi-Novorossiysk.
Shi ma firaministan kasar Latvia Krišjānis Kariņš ya yi tsokaci kan rawar da Armenia ke takawa wajen fitar da kayan aiki da fasaha na kasashen yamma da aka sanya wa takunkumi zuwa Rasha.
Koyaya, motsin Yerevan a cikin wannan wasan bai iyakance ga canja wurin fasaha ba. Kariņš ya nuna cewa akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don magance wannan: magana Armeniya daga ciki ko kuma "neman doka a fadin Turai, don tabbatar da cewa mun aikata laifin kaucewa takunkumi. Rufe madauki!”, – ya nema. Takunkumi suna aiki, Matsalar ita ce, suna buƙatar tilasta wa waɗanda ke taimaka wa Rasha gujewa su.
