Gwamnatin da kungiyar Awami ke jagoranta na ikirarin cewa za ta gudanar da zabe cikin gaskiya da adalci wanda zai gudana a ranar 7 ga watan Janairun 2024 yayin da a lokaci guda kuma hukumomin jihar ke cika gidajen yari da ‘yan adawar siyasa da ke da alhakin yin amfani da karfin tuwo, da tilasta bacewar mutane. azabtarwa da kisan gilla.
Babbar jam'iyyar adawa ta Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) da kawayenta sun yanke shawarar kauracewa zaben da cewa jam'iyya mai mulki ta Awami League (AL) za ta yi magudi a zaben.
‘Yan adawar dai na bukatar gwamnati ta yi murabus tare da mika mulki ga gwamnatin rikon kwarya da za ta sa ido a zaben, amma kungiyar ta Awami ta yi watsi da shi sosai.
Mummunan danniya a lokacin yakin neman zabe
Tun bayan gudanar da babban gangamin siyasa da jam'iyyar BNP ta shirya a ranar 28 ga watan Oktoba na nuna adawa da gwamnati mai mulki karkashin jagorancin Firai minista Sheikh Hasina, akalla 'yan adawa 10,000 ne aka kama. Wasu da dama kuma sun tsere daga gidajensu don gudun kada a kama su kuma sun buya. Babu sauran daki a gidajen yarin, a cewar kungiyar kare hakkin bil'adama ta Human Rights Watch, wadda ta ce akalla mutane 16 ne suka mutu, yayin da sama da mutane 5,500 suka jikkata.
A karshen watan Nuwamba, an kai wa Nahid Hasan, dan jaridan gidan talabijin na Jagonews24.com hari a Dakha babban birnin kasar, a lokacin da yake ba da rahoto kan rikicin da ya hada da daliban jam'iyyar Awami mai mulki. Maharan su ne Tamzeed Rahman, shugaban karamar hukumar Awami League's Youth Wing tare da maza kusan 20-25. Suka kama shi da kwala, suka yi masa mari suna dukansa har sai da ya fadi kasa suka ci gaba da takawa da mari. Wannan shi ne karo na baya-bayan nan na hare-haren da magoya bayan jam'iyyu 14 da jam'iyyar Awadi ke jagoranta suka kai wa manema labarai.
Hare-hare, sa ido, tsoratarwa da cin zarafin ‘yan jarida a shekaru da dama da suka gabata sun haifar da cin zarafi da kai a kafafen yada labarai.
Sama da shari'o'i 5,600 da suka shafi 'yancin fadin albarkacin baki, gami da na fitattun 'yan jarida da masu gyara, har yanzu suna kan shari'a a karkashin Dokar Sabis na Digital da aka yi suka sosai, a cewar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.
Damuwar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da kama mutane da yawa
A ranar 13 ga Nuwamba, kwamitin kare hakkin dan Adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya kammala aikinsa nazari na lokaci-lokaci game da yanayin haƙƙin ɗan adam a Bangladesh a yayin da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da dama suka koka kan take hakkin dan Adam da gwamnatin Awami ke yi.
A washegari, 14 ga Nuwamba, Ms. Irene Khan, Mai ba da rahoto na musamman kan haɓakawa da kare haƙƙin ra'ayi da faɗar albarkacin baki; Mr.Clément Nyalestossi Voule; Wakili na musamman kan haƙƙin ƴancin yin taro cikin lumana da ƙungiyoyi; da Ms. Mary Lawlor, Wakili na musamman kan halin da masu kare hakkin bil adama ke ciki, ya yi Allah wadai da murkushe ma'aikatan da ke neman a biya ma'aikata albashi da kuma masu fafutuka na siyasa suna kira da a gudanar da sahihin zabe. Sun kuma yi Allah wadai da cin zarafin ‘yan jarida, masu kare hakkin bil’adama da shugabannin kungiyoyin fararen hula, da kuma rashin yin garambawul ga dokokin da ke dakile ‘yancin fadin albarkacin baki.
Sanarwar da masu rajin kare hakkin bil adama na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya suka fitar ya yi daidai da wata sanarwar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a ranar 4 ga watan Agustan 2023 na yin tir da tashe-tashen hankula kafin zaben, inda suka yi kira ga 'yan sanda da su guji yin amfani da karfi fiye da kima a yayin da ake ci gaba da samun tashe-tashen hankula da kuma kame jama'a gabanin babban zabe." A cewar mai magana da yawun Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, “an ga ‘yan sanda tare da maza sanye da fararen kaya, suna amfani da guduma, sanduna, jemagu da sandunan ƙarfe, da dai sauransu, don dukan masu zanga-zangar.”
Damuwar Amurka
A cikin watan Satumba na 2023, Amurka ta fara sanya takunkumin hana shiga kasar ga jami'an Bangladesh da aka samu da alhakin "lalata tsarin zaben dimokiradiyya a Bangladesh." Amurka kuma za ta iya yin la'akari da ƙarin takunkumi kan waɗanda ke da alhakin cin zarafin da ake yi a yanzu. Shugaban makarantar manufa daga cikin waɗannan takunkumi ita ce jam’iyyar Awadi League mai mulki da jami’an tsaro da bangaren shari’a da jami’an tsaro.
Da wannan matakin, gwamnatin Biden ta ci gaba da yin daidai da manufofinta game da gwamnatin da Awami ke jagoranta. A 2021 da 2023 bar Bangladesh daga na abubuwan biyu na "Taron don Dimokuradiyya", kodayake ta gayyaci Pakistan (mai daraja fiye da Bangladesh akan ma'auni na dimokiradiyya daban-daban, gami da Freedom House's 'Yanci a cikin Fihirisar Duniya da kuma Sashin Leken Asiri na Tattalin Arziki Fihirisar Dimokuradiyya).
A ranar 31 ga Oktoba, jakadan Amurka Peter Haas ya ayyana "Duk wani mataki da zai kawo cikas ga tsarin zabukan dimokuradiyya - ciki har da tashin hankali, hana mutane yin amfani da 'yancinsu na yin taro cikin lumana, da shiga intanet - yana sanya ayar tambaya kan ikon gudanar da zabe na gaskiya da adalci."
A farkon Nuwamba, shugabannin Awami League sun sha yin barazanar doke Haas ko kuma su kashe su.
Damuwar Tarayyar Turai game da zaben
A ranar 13 ga Satumba, Kwamishinan Haɗin kai da gyare-gyare, Elisa Ferreira, ta gabatar da jawabi a madadin Babban Wakili/Mataimakin Shugaban Ƙasa Josep Borrell game da halin da ake ciki na 'yancin ɗan adam a Bangladesh yana mai jaddada cewa " EU na ci gaba da damuwa game da rahotannin kisan gilla da kuma tilasta bacewar. in Bangladesh."
Ta jaddada cewa EU ta bi sahun Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na samar da wani tsari mai zaman kansa don gudanar da bincike kan bacewar da aka yi da kuma kisan gilla. Ya kamata Bangladesh kuma ta ba da izinin ziyarar Ƙungiyar Ayyuka ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Bacewar Tilasta.
A ranar 21 ga Satumba, Tarayyar Turai ta yanke shawarar kin aika da cikakken tawagar masu sa ido yayin zabukan kasa da ke tafe a Bangladesh saboda matsalolin kasafin kudi.
A ranar 19 ga Oktoba, tA hukumance EU ta sanar da Hukumar Zabe (EC) ta Bangladesh cewa za ta aika da tawaga mai mutane hudu don sanya ido kan zaben kasa mai zuwa., bisa lafazin Matsayin Kasuwanci. A cewar wasikar da aka aika ta ma'aikatar harkokin wajen kasar, tawagar za ta ziyarci kasar Bangladesh daga ranar 21 ga watan Nuwamban 2023 zuwa 21 ga watan Janairun 2024 domin sa ido kan zaben.
Kungiyar EU ba ta tura masu sa ido ba a zabukan kasa biyu da suka gabata a 2014 da 2018 da kungiyar Awadi ta lashe. A cikin 2014, jam'iyyar masu ra'ayin kishin kasa ta Bangladesh, babbar jam'iyyar adawa, ta kauracewa zaben kuma za ta sake yin ta a watan Janairun 2024.
Tarayyar Turai ta aika da cikakkiyar manufa a zaben 2008 lokacin da ta tura tawagar sa ido ta kasa da kasa mafi girma a Bangladesh tare da masu sa ido 150 daga kasashe mambobin EU 25, da Norway da Switzerland.
Gwamnatocin kasashen waje da dama sun sha yin kira da a gudanar da sahihin zabe a Bangladesh.
Dangantakar kasuwanci tsakanin EU da Bangladesh a matsayin kayan aiki na yuwuwar iko mai laushi
Saboda gata kasuwanci da aka bai wa Bangladesh, EU na da karfin, fiye da fata da fata, ta bukaci gwamnatinta da ta tabbatar da zabe mai inganci.
EU tana aiki kafada da kafada da Bangladesh a cikin tsarin Yarjejeniyar Haɗin kai tsakanin EU da Bangladesh, da aka kammala a shekara ta 2001. Wannan yarjejeniya ta ba da dama ga haɗin gwiwa, ciki har da 'yancin ɗan adam.
EU ita ce babbar abokiyar ciniki ta Bangladesh, tana da kusan kashi 19.5% na jimlar cinikin ƙasar a cikin 2020.
Kayayyakin EU daga Bangladesh sun mamaye su da tufafi, wanda ya kai sama da kashi 90% na jimillar kayayyakin da EU ke shigo da su daga ƙasar.
Abubuwan da EU ke fitarwa zuwa Bangladesh sun mamaye injina da kayan sufuri.
Tsakanin 2017 da 2020, EU-28 shigo da kaya daga Bangladesh ya kai matsakaicin Yuro biliyan 14.8 a kowace shekara, wanda ke wakiltar rabin jimillar kayayyakin da Bangladesh ke fitarwa.
A Matsayin Ƙasamar Ƙarƙashin Ci Gaba (LDC), Bangladesh tana fa'ida daga mafi kyawun tsarin mulki da ake samu a ƙarƙashin Babban Tsarin Zaɓuɓɓuka na EU (GSP), wato tsarin Komai But Arms (EBA). EBA tana ba da 46 LDCs - ciki har da Bangladesh - kyauta, samun dama ga EU don fitar da duk samfuran, ban da makamai da harsasai. Human Rights Without Frontiers ya bukaci EU da ta yi amfani da kuzarin ta mai laushi don daidaita daidaito Bangladeshmutunta 'yancin ɗan adam gabanin zaɓe da kuma damar kasuwanci.
