Sabon ma'auni na fasahar koren hydrogen da injiniyoyin Jami'ar Rice suka kafa.
Injiniyoyin Jami'ar Rice na iya juyawa hasken rana cikin hydrogen tare da ingantaccen rikodin rikodin godiya ga na'urar da ta haɗu da ƙarni na gaba halide perovskite semiconductors* tare da electrocatalysts a cikin na'ura guda ɗaya, mai ɗorewa, mai tsada da ƙima.
Bisa lafazin binciken wanda aka buga a Nature Communications, na'urar ta sami ingantaccen juzu'i na 20.8% na hasken rana zuwa hydrogen.
Sabuwar fasahar wani muhimmin ci gaba ne don samar da makamashi mai tsafta kuma zai iya zama dandamali ga nau'ikan halayen sinadarai masu amfani da wutar lantarki da aka girbe daga hasken rana don canzawa. kayan abinci cikin mai.
Lab na sinadarai da injiniyan biomolecular Aditya Mohite gina hadedde photoreactor ta amfani da anticorrosion shãmaki wanda ke hana semiconductor daga ruwa ba tare da hana canja wurin na electrons.
"Yin amfani da hasken rana a matsayin tushen makamashi don kera sinadarai na ɗaya daga cikin manyan matsalolin tattalin arzikin makamashi mai tsafta," in ji Austin Fehr, ɗalibin digiri na injiniyan sinadarai da biomolecular kuma ɗaya daga cikin manyan marubutan binciken.
“Manufarmu ita ce gina hanyoyin da za a iya amfani da su ta fuskar tattalin arziki da za su iya samar da makamashin da ake samu daga hasken rana. Anan, mun tsara tsarin da ke ɗaukar haske kuma ya kammala electrochemical ilmin kimiyyar ruwa a samansa.”
Ana kiran na'urar da kwayar halitta ta photoelectrochemical saboda tsotsar haske, jujjuya shi zuwa wutar lantarki da kuma amfani da wutar lantarki don kunna sinadarai duk suna faruwa a cikin na'ura ɗaya. Har ya zuwa yanzu, yin amfani da fasahar photoelectrochemical don samar da koren hydrogen ya sami cikas ta hanyar ƙarancin inganci da tsadar na'urori masu ƙarfi.
"Duk na'urorin irin wannan suna samar da koren hydrogen ta amfani da hasken rana da ruwa kawai, amma namu na musamman ne saboda yana da ingantaccen rikodin rikodi kuma yana amfani da semiconductor mai arha sosai," in ji Fehr.
The Mohite lab kuma masu haɗin gwiwa sun kirkiro na'urar ta hanyar juya su sosai-gasa hasken rana zuwa wani reactor wanda zai iya amfani da makamashin da aka girbe don raba ruwa zuwa oxygen da hydrogen.
Kalubalen da suka yi nasara shine cewa halide perovskites * ba su da kwanciyar hankali a cikin ruwa kuma kayan da aka yi amfani da su don rufe semiconductor sun ƙare ko dai sun rushe aikin su ko kuma suna lalata su.
"A cikin shekaru biyu da suka gabata, mun yi ta kokawa da gwada kayan aiki da dabaru daban-daban," in ji Michael Wong, injiniyan sinadarai na Shinkafa kuma marubucin kan binciken.
Bayan dogon gwaji ya kasa samar da sakamakon da ake so, a karshe masu binciken sun sami mafita mai nasara.
"Mahimmin fahimtarmu shine cewa kuna buƙatar nau'i biyu zuwa shinge, daya don toshe ruwa kuma ɗaya don yin hulɗar lantarki mai kyau tsakanin perovskite layers da kuma kariya mai kariya," in ji Fehr.
"Sakamakon mu shine mafi girman inganci don ƙwayoyin photoelectrochemical ba tare da maida hankali na hasken rana ba, kuma mafi kyawun gabaɗaya ga waɗanda ke amfani da semiconductor halide perovskite.
"Wannan na farko ne ga filin da tarihi ya mamaye shi ta hanyar wasu na'urori masu tsada masu tsada, kuma yana iya wakiltar hanya zuwa yuwuwar kasuwanci don irin wannan na'urar a karon farko har abada," in ji Fehr.
Masu binciken sun nuna tsarin shingen su ya yi aiki don halayen daban-daban kuma tare da na'urori daban-daban, wanda ya sa ya dace da tsarin da yawa.
"Muna fatan cewa irin waɗannan tsarin za su zama dandamali don tuki nau'ikan electrons don samar da halayen mai ta hanyar amfani da abinci mai yawa tare da hasken rana kawai a matsayin shigar da makamashi," in ji Mohite.
Fehr ya kara da cewa, "Tare da karin gyare-gyare ga kwanciyar hankali da ma'auni, wannan fasaha na iya bude tattalin arzikin hydrogen da kuma canza yadda mutane ke yin abubuwa daga burbushin man fetur zuwa hasken rana," in ji Fehr.
Perovskite - Wannan ma'adinan yana da ƙarfin aiki mafi girma fiye da silicon kuma ba shi da rauni. Ya kuma fi yawa a Duniya. A cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, yunƙuri da yawa sun haifar da ci gaba mai ban mamaki, amma ɗaukar sa a cikin na'urorin lantarki na gaba ya kasance ƙalubale.
Kwayoyin photovoltaic na Perovskite har yanzu ba su da kwanciyar hankali kuma suna fuskantar tsufa. Ban da haka ma, suna dauke da gubar, wani abu mai illa ga muhalli da lafiyar dan Adam. Saboda waɗannan dalilai, ba za a iya sayar da bangarorin ba.
Halogenated hybrid perovskites wani nau'i ne na kayan aikin semiconductor waɗanda aka mayar da hankali kan bincike na musamman a cikin 'yan shekarun nan don kyawawan kaddarorinsu na lantarki da aikace-aikacen su a cikin tsarin hotovoltaic.
