Ua piha kēia hanana i nā mea ʻē
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mea kālaihonua Pelekane ʻo Thomas Griffith Taylor i kāna huakaʻi wiwo ʻole ma waena o East Antarctica i ka makahiki 1911, ua loaʻa kāna huakaʻi i kahi ʻike weliweli: ʻo ka ʻaoʻao o kahi glacier me ke kahe koko e kahe ana mai ia wahi. Ma hope o hoʻokahi kenekulia o ka noʻonoʻo ʻana, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ke kumu o Blood Falls.
Ua hoʻohana ka poʻe ʻepekema ʻAmelika i nā microscopes electron hoʻouna ikaika e nānā i nā laʻana o ka wai ʻo Blood Falls a loaʻa i ka nui o nā nanospheres waiwai hao e ʻulaʻula ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia.
"I koʻu nānā ʻana i nā kiʻi microscope, ʻike wau aia kēia mau nanospheres liʻiliʻi, a ua waiwai lākou i ka hao, a ma waho aʻe o ka hao, ua nui nā mea like ʻole i loko o lākou - silicon, calcium, aluminika, sodium - a ʻo lākou. ʻokoʻa nā mea a pau, "i ʻōlelo ai ʻo ia ma kahi ʻōlelo ʻo Ken Leavy, he ʻepekema noiʻi ma ke Keʻena ʻOihana ʻepekema a me ʻEnekinia ma ke Kula ʻo Whiting ma ke Kulanui ʻo Johns Hopkins.
ʻIke ʻia no kona waihoʻoluʻu ʻulaʻula hohonu, a hiki i kēia manawa ua lilo ka iron oxide i mea hoʻopiʻi nui i ka mea huna o Blood Falls. Eia nō naʻe, ua kōkua kēia ʻenehana kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi i nā mea noiʻi e loaʻa i kahi kiʻi ʻoi aku ka maopopo o ke kumu he ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula o ka wai kahe - a no ke kumu i hāʻule ʻole ai kekahi mau haʻawina mua.
"No ka mea he mineral ia, pono e hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ʻātoma i kahi ʻano kikoʻī kikoʻī. ʻAʻole kēia mau nanospheres i crystalline, no laila ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia nā ʻano hana i hoʻohana mua ʻia e aʻo ai i nā mea paʻa, "wahi a Livy.
Manaʻo paha kekahi ʻo kona wai ʻulaʻula koko ka hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa loa o Antarctica's Blood Falls, akā ua piha kēia hiʻohiʻona honua i nā mea ʻokoʻa.
Ua hoʻoholo ka poʻe ʻepekema ʻo ka wai ʻulaʻula e kahe mai ana mai ka wailele koko mai loko mai o ka loko paʻakai i paʻa paʻa i ka hau no 1.5 a 4 miliona mau makahiki. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo kēia loko he ʻāpana wale nō ia o kahi ʻōnaehana lalo nui o nā loko hypersaline a me nā aquifers.
Hōʻike ka nānā ʻana i ka wai e noho ana kahi kaiaola subglacial o ka bacteria i loko o nā waihona i kanu ʻia o ka wai hypersaline - ʻoiai ʻaʻole kokoke loa ka oxygen. 'O ia ho'i, ua ho'omau 'ia ka bacteria no nā miliona makahiki me ka 'ole photosynthesis a ua ho'omau 'ia paha e ka hao paikikala mai ka brine.
Hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau waiwai ʻē aʻe, manaʻo nā kānaka ʻepekema hiki ke aʻo ʻia ʻo Blood Falls e loaʻa ai ka ʻike hohonu o nā hōkū ʻē aʻe ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka ʻōnaehana solar.
"Me ka hiki ʻana mai o nā mikiona rover, ua makemake nui ʻia ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e kālailai i nā mea paʻa e puka mai ana mai loko mai o nā wai o Blood Falls me he mea lā he pae pae ʻāina ʻo Martian," wahi a Leavy.
"He aha ka mea e hiki mai inā pae ka rover ma Antarctica? Hiki iā ia ke hoʻoholo i ke kumu i ʻulaʻula ai ʻo Blood Falls? He nīnau hoihoi kēia a kekahi mau mea noiʻi i noʻonoʻo ai. "
Puna: iflscience.com
