Ma hope o kona hoʻouka kaua piha ʻana iā Ukraine i Pepeluali 2022, ua hoʻopaʻi ʻia ʻo Rūsia i nā hoʻopaʻi piha loa a koʻikoʻi i kau ʻia ma luna o kekahi lāhui. ʻO ka European Union, ʻo ia ka hoa kālepa nui loa o Rūsia, ua alakaʻi i ke ala me kahi ʻumikūmākahi pūʻolo o nā hoʻopaʻi i nā mahina he 20 i hala iho nei, e uhi ana i ka lehulehu o nā kānaka, nā hui aupuni a me nā hui, nā hui pilikino, a me nā ʻāpana holoʻokoʻa o ka ʻoihana. ʻOiai hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia a me ka noʻonoʻo politika, ʻaʻole hiki ke pale ʻia ka ulu ʻana o ia mau hoʻopaʻi ākea ma ke ʻano he hihia o ka hōʻino kolateral.
ʻO kahi hapa o ia mea ma muli o ke ʻano maoli o ka European Union no ka mea e pono ai e hōʻea i ka ʻae ʻana o kona mau lālā a pau i kūʻē pinepine i nā manaʻo politika a me nā pono waiwai e pili ana iā Rūsia a me Ukraine, akā ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka manaʻo ʻole a Ua ʻike ʻia ka ʻōlelo hoʻopiʻi a ʻaʻohe wahi ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka huaʻōlelo "oligarch". Ua haʻi nui ʻia ma ka nūpepa Western mai ka hopena o 1990s, ua hele mai nā oligarchs e hōʻailona i ka mana a me ka nui o ka papa hou o ka poʻe ʻoihana waiwai nui i hana i kā lākou waiwai i loko o ka wai ʻino o ka hope o Soviet Russia, pinepine ma o ko lākou pili ʻana i ka Kremlin.
ʻO kahi huaʻōlelo i wehewehe ʻole ʻia a hiki i kona wā kiʻekiʻe o ka makahiki 2000, ua ʻae ʻia ʻo "oligarch" e nā poʻe kālai'āina o EU ma ke ʻano he hopu-a pau e hōʻike ai i kekahi mai ka billionaire ma ka papa inoa Forbes i nā luna kiʻekiʻe a me nā lālā o ka papa o nā hui ma nā ʻāpana like ʻole. he nui ka poʻe me ka pili ʻole i ka Kremlin a me ka mana politika ʻole. I kekahi manawa ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi ke ʻike i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā luna kiʻekiʻe o Rūsia i koho ʻia a me nā mana luna ʻē aʻe i koho ʻole ʻia e hana ana no nā ʻoihana nui i hōʻike ʻia ma Rūsia. ʻAʻole pono e ʻōlelo, ua haʻalele kēia i ka EU ma ka ʻāina haʻalulu loa ma ke kānāwai: inā ʻoe ma ka papa inoa no ka mea he "oligarch" ʻoe akā ʻo kēlā huaʻōlelo he pale a me ke kumu e hoʻopau ai i ke kumu o ka hoʻopaʻi ʻana a maʻalahi i ka hoʻokūkū kūleʻa iā lākou. ma ka aha hookolokolo.
Ua lawe ʻo EU i hoʻokahi makahiki e ʻike ai a ua hoʻōki ʻo ia i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka huaʻōlelo "oligarch" i mea e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ai i ka hoʻopaʻi ʻana i ka ʻoihana Lūkini, e hilinaʻi ana ma kahi mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "he alakaʻi ʻoihana". ʻOiai ʻaʻole i hoʻouka ʻia ka huaʻōlelo a ʻaʻohe manaʻo maikaʻi ʻole i manaʻo ʻia, ʻo ia ka mea i ʻike ʻole ʻia e like me ka "oligarch." ʻAʻole e haʻi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole maopopo loa ke kumu e ʻae ʻia ai kekahi ma muli o ke ʻano he "ʻoihana alakaʻi" me ka nānā ʻole i ka mana maoli i ka hoʻokele waiwai o Rūsia a i ʻole ka hoʻoholo ʻana o Kremlin. No ka laʻana, ua kau ka EU i nā hoʻopaʻi ma luna o nā poʻe ʻoihana āpau a me nā luna kiʻekiʻe i hui pū me Pelekikena Vladimir Putin ma Pepeluali 24, 2022, ma hope o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o Russia iā Ukraine. ʻO ke ʻano o ke komo ʻana i kēlā hālāwai e hōʻike ana i ka ʻae piha ʻana o kekahi i nā kulekele ʻo Kremlin's Ukraine a i ʻole hiki ke hoʻoikaika i nā hoʻoholo a Putin i manaʻo ʻia e kekahi. ʻO ka mea nui, ʻaʻole hōʻike ka hapa nui o nā kumu no ka hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻana i ka hiki o ke kanaka ke hoʻoikaika i nā kulekele aupuni o Rūsia.
Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻia, ma muli o nā kulekele a Vladimir Putin e hoʻokaʻawale i nā oligarchs billionaire o ka hanauna mua e like me Mikhail Khodorkovsky a me Boris Berezovsky, ʻaʻohe oligarchs ma ke ʻano kūpono o ka huaʻōlelo (ʻo ia hoʻi nā poʻe ʻoihana me ka mana politika disproportionate, i kekahi manawa ma mua o ko ke aupuni) i waiho ma Rusia. ʻO nā ʻoihana ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe i kēia lā he mau oligarchs mua i mālama i kā lākou kapikala i hana ʻia i ka makahiki 1990, nā ʻoihana pili aupuni, a i ʻole he ʻano hou o nā ʻoihana a me nā Luna Nui o ke Komohana, ʻaʻole like me ka hanauna mua, ʻaʻole i loaʻa kā lākou kālā ma hope o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa pilikino ʻoihana Soviet kahiko a ʻaʻole hilinaʻi i nā ʻaelike mokuʻāina a me nā pilina.
I ʻOkakopa, ua hoʻopuka ʻo Marco-Advisory, kahi alakaʻi kūkākūkā ʻoihana hoʻolālā e kālele ana i ka hoʻokele waiwai o Eurasia, i kahi hōʻike i kapa ʻia ʻo "Business-Government Relations in Russia - No ke aha i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ai kekahi oligarchs a ʻaʻole ʻē aʻe." ʻOiai ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻo ia i ka hoʻoholo hou ʻana o EU e ʻoi aku ka pololei i kāna mau huaʻōlelo, ua ʻike ʻia ka hōʻike "ʻo ke ala o kēia manawa i ka hoʻopaʻi ʻana e pili ana i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka pili ʻana o ka ʻoihana a me ke aupuni i kekahi i kekahi ma Rusia."
No ka manaʻo, e like me ka EU e hana nei, ʻo ia ka "ʻoihana alakaʻi" e like me ka hiki ke hoʻohuli i ke aupuni Lūkini e kuhi hewa ʻole i kā lākou kuleana a me ka hopena maoli. He pālua kēia no nā Luna Nui o nā hui Lūkini pilikino e like me Dmitry Konov o ka hui petrochemical Sibur, ʻo Alexander Shulgin o ke kanaka nunui e-commerce ʻo Ozon a me Vladimir Rashevsky o ka mea hoʻomeamea ʻo Eurochem, i ʻae ʻia ma muli o ka hōʻike ʻana i kā lākou hui i nā hālāwai me Pelekikena Putin. Ua haʻalele lākou i kā lākou kuleana e hōʻemi i ka pilikia no kā lākou ʻoihana. ʻOiai ʻo Shulgin, me nā piliona piliona ʻo Grigory Berezkin lāua ʻo Farkhad Akhmedov, ua hoʻopau ʻia mai ka papa inoa hoʻopaʻi EU ma ka lā 15 Kepakemapa, ke kali nei kēlā ʻōlelo hoʻoholo no nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma nā kumu like a me ka noʻonoʻo liʻiliʻi i kā lākou kuleana maoli a i ʻole ʻo lākou. e like me ko Sibur's Konov, ua haʻalele pololei ma muli o nā hoʻopaʻi i kau ʻia ma luna o lākou.
E like me kā Marco-Advisory i ʻōlelo ai, aia kahi pūʻulu ākea loa o ka poʻe ʻoihana "i ʻae ʻia no ka ʻike ʻia ʻana ma ka media Western a i ʻole no ka mea aia lākou ma nā papa inoa waiwai, ʻoiai ua hoʻokō kā lākou hui i nā IPO ma UK a i ʻole US a i ʻole. ʻO nā kumu ʻē aʻe, me ka loaʻa ʻole o kekahi ʻano pilina pili like me ke aupuni Lūkini. ʻO ka hope loa, ʻike ʻia he liʻiliʻi nā kumu kānāwai a i ʻole nā kumu kūpono e mālama ai iā lākou.
Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka ʻoihana a me ka laulā ākea i ka hoʻokau ʻana i nā hoʻopaʻi, he mea kupanaha ka hana liʻiliʻi o kā lākou hana ʻana i kā lākou pahuhopu i ʻōlelo ʻia - ʻo ia hoʻi, ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke ala o Rūsia ma Ukraine. Inā he mea, ua hoʻoholo wale lākou i ka Kremlin, ʻoiai ua koi ʻia e hoʻihoʻi hou i kāna mau hoʻoiho a me nā kahe kālā i nā ʻāina aloha e like me nā BRICs Kina a me India - kahi mea hiki ʻole ke hoʻohuli i ka pōʻino o Russia a me ʻEulopa. , nona nā pilina i kēia manawa e hoʻomau i ka lāʻau make no nā makahiki e hiki mai ana me ka manaʻo ua hoʻoholo piha ʻia ka pilikia o Ukraine.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi, ʻike ʻia ka hopena ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka mea i manaʻo ʻia e nā poʻe kālai'āina Komohana a hiki i nā oligarchs mua, e like me ka billionaire o Alfa Group ʻo Mikhail Fridman. ʻO Fridman, nona ka waiwai waiwai ʻo Forbes i $ 12.6 biliona, e hoʻolilo iā ia i ka 9 o Rūsiath kanaka waiwai loa, i ʻOkakopa i koi ʻia e hoʻi i Moscow mai kona home London. I loko o kahi ninaninau hou i Bloomberg News ua ʻōlelo ka billionaire ua "ʻoki ʻia" ʻo ia e nā palena nui i hiki ʻole ai ke haʻalele i ke ola āna i maʻa mau ai a kapa ʻia ʻo ia i kāna mau hana hoʻopukapuka nui ma UK i nā makahiki he "hewa nui".
Ma ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā "oligarchs" ma kāna papa inoa hoʻopaʻi e ʻike ʻia nā mea hoʻoholo EU e neʻe nei i ke ala pololei. Inā he hōʻailona hou ia a i ʻole he hōʻailona o ka hoʻopili hou ʻana i nā kulekele hoʻopaʻi o ʻEulopa. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, e like me ka moʻolelo o ka hoʻopaʻi hoʻokele waiwai e aʻo mai iā mākou, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻokau ʻana ma mua o ka hāpai ʻana.
