M’baleyo anafunsa mwamuna wokalambayo kuti, “Kodi ndichite chabwino chiyani kuti ndikhale naye limodzi? Abba anayankha, “Kodi ntchito zonse sizilingana? Eliya anakonda kukhala chete, ndipo Mulungu anali naye; Davide anali wofatsa, ndipo Mulungu anali naye. Choncho, chenjerani: chimene moyo wanu ukufuna kumchitira Mulungu, chita ndi kusunga mtima wako ”.
Abba Diadoch akunena kuti: “Monga mmene m’bafa zitseko zotseguka kaŵirikaŵiri zimatseguka mwamsanga, moteronso mzimu, ngati ukufuna kulankhula kaŵirikaŵiri, ngakhale kuti ukunena zinthu zabwino, umataya kutenthedwa kwawoko pa chitseko cha lilime.
M’bale anafunsa Abba Pimen kuti: “Ndachita tchimo lalikulu ndipo ndikufuna kulapa kwa zaka zitatu.” "Zambiri," adatero Pimen. “Kapena kwa chaka,” anatero mbaleyo. “Ndipo nzambiri,” mkuluyo anayankhanso. Amene anali ndi nkhalambayo anafunsa kuti, “Kodi masiku makumi anayi sakwana?” "Ndipo izi ndi zambiri," adatero mkuluyo, "ngati munthu alapa ndi mtima wake wonse osachimwanso, Mulungu amamulandira m'masiku atatu."
Salimbana ndi malingaliro onse, koma ndi chimodzi chokha. Amene apeka chitsulo akudziwa chimene akufuna kuchita, chikwakwa, lupanga, kapena nkhwangwa. Mofananamo, tiyenera kuganiza za ukoma woti tiyambe nawo kuti tisagwire ntchito pachabe.
Amuna awiri achikulire ankakhala pamodzi ndipo panalibe mkangano pakati pawo. Adauzana wina ndi mzache kuti, "Tiyeni tilimbane ngati anthu ena." Ndipo iye anayankha, "Sindikudziwa kuti ndewu ndi chiyani." Wina akuyankha kuti, “Ndidzaika njerwa pakati n’kunena kuti, ‘Iyi ndi yanga,’ inu mudzati, ‘Ayi, ndi yanga,’ ndi mmene zimayambira. Ndicho chimene iwo anachita. Ndipo mmodzi wa iwo anati, “Ndi wanga.” Winayo anati, “Ayi, ndi wanga.” Ndipo woyamba anati, “Inde, inde, ndi zanu, zitengeni ndi kupita.” Ndipo iwo analekana, ndipo sanathe kuyamba kukangana wina ndi mzake.
Kudzichepetsa kumatanthauza kusapikisana ndi ena……………………………………………………… Mkuluyo anati, “Pamene m’bale wako akuchimwira iwe ndi kumukhululukira, ngakhale iye asanalape pamaso pako.
Ngati mukwiyitsa munthu podzudzula munthu, ndiye kuti mumakwaniritsa chilakolako chanu. Mwa njira iyi, kuti mupulumutse winayo, yesetsani kuti musadziwononge nokha.
Abba Isake anadzudzula mbale wochimwa. Pambuyo pa imfa yake, mngelo anaonekera pamaso pa Isake, atagwira mzimu wa wakufayo panyanja yamoto, nafunsa kuti, “Taona, wamutsutsa iye moyo wako wonse; adzandilamulira kuponya wakugwa. m'bale? ”. Chifukwa cha mantha, Isake anati, “Mukhululukire ine ndi m’bale wanga, Ambuye!”
M’bale wina, yemwe anakwiyira mnzake, anapita kwa Abba Sisoy n’kumuuza kuti: “Aliyense amene wandinyoza, ndikufuna kubwezera. Ndipo mkuluyo anamuuza kuti: “Ayi, mwana, kuli bwino ulole Mulungu akubwezereni.” M’baleyo anati: “Sindidekha mpaka nditabwezera. Kenako mkuluyo anati, “Tiyeni tipemphere, m’bale! Ndipo atadzuka, anayamba kupemphera kuti: “Mulungu! Mulungu! Ife sitikusowa chisamaliro Chanu kwa ife, chifukwa ife timabwezera kubwezera kwathu. M’baleyo atamva zimenezi, anagwa pamapazi a mkuluyo n’kunena kuti: “Sindinganene mlandu m’bale wangayo, ndikhululukireni!
Iye amene akhumudwitsidwa, sabwezeranso - ataya moyo wake chifukwa cha mnansi wake.
Abba Anthony adati, "Sindiopanso Mulungu, koma ndimamukonda chifukwa chikondi changwiro chimachotsa mantha." Chikondi ndi chithunzithunzi cha Mulungu ndi chiyamiko chosalekeza… Kodi munthu angalandire bwanji mphatso ya kukonda Mulungu? Ngati wina aona mbale wake ali m’chimo ndi kum’pempherera kwa Mulungu, ndiye kuti adzalandira chidziŵitso cha mmene angakonde Mulungu.
M’bale wina anafunsa Abba Pimen kuti: “Kodi kukwiyira m’bale wako pachabe kumatanthauza chiyani? “Ukwiyira pachabe pa choipa chilichonse, ngakhale chikakuboola diso lako lakumanja. Koma ngati wina ayesa kukuchotsani kwa Mulungu, amakwiyira munthuyo. “
"Ndikhala bwanji ndi abale?" "Monga tsiku loyamba lomwe mudabwera, ndipo musakhale omasuka kwambiri paubwenzi."
Buku lina lakale - "Soul teachings" lolemba Abba Dorothea kuchokera ku VI atumwi.
“Ndikukumbukira nthaŵi ina titakambitsirana za kudzichepetsa. Mmodzi mwa nzika zolemekezeka za Gaza, atamva kuchokera kwa ife kuti pamene munthu amayandikira kwa Mulungu, amamva molakwika kwambiri - adadabwa ndikufunsa kuti izi zingatheke bwanji. Ndinamuuza kuti: “Mukuganiza bwanji mumzinda wanu? Iye anayankha kuti, “Ndimadziona kuti ndine munthu wamkulu komanso mtsogoleri mumzinda.” Ndinamuuza kuti, “Bwanji ukapita ku Kaisareya, udzaganiza bwanji za iwe kumeneko?” Iye adayankha, "Kwa omaliza a olemekezeka kumeneko." “Chabwino,” akumuuzanso kachiwiri, “ngati upita ku Antiokeya, udzadziyesa wotani kumeneko?” “Kumeneko,” iye anayankha, “ndidziona ngati wamba.” "Chabwino," ndimati, "ngati upita ku Constantinople ndikukafikira mfumu, ukayamba kudziganiza bwanji kumeneko?" Ndipo iye anati, “Pafupifupi osauka.” Ndiye ine ndinati kwa iye, “Taonani, kotero oyera, pamene iwo akuyandikira kwa Mulungu, ndi pamene iwo amamva zolakwika kwambiri.
Kodi kudzichepetsa ndi kunyada kumatanthauza chiyani? - Monga mitengo, ikadzala ndi zipatso, zipatso zake zimagwetsa nthambi; Pali mitengo ina yosabala zipatso pamene nthambi zake zimakula m’mwamba.
Kudzichepetsa kuli pakati pa kunyada ndi kudzichepetsa. Ubwino ndi msewu wachifumu, wapakati.
Ndani ali ndi mabala pa mkono kapena mwendo wake, amene adzinyansidwa ndi iye mwini, kapena wadula chiwalo, ngakhale chitavunda? Kodi sangakonde kuliyeretsa kapena kulikulunga ndi bandeji? Chotero tiyenera kumverana chisoni wina ndi mnzake.
Kudzudzula ndiko kunena za munthu, “Winawake wamunamiza.” Ndipo kutsutsa kumatanthauza kunena kuti, “Wabodza ndani?” Pakuti ichi ndi chiweruzo cha moyo wake, chiweruzo cha moyo wake wonse. Ndipo tchimo la chiweruzo ndi lalikulu kwambiri kuposa tchimo lina lirilonse kuti Khristu mwini anati, “Wonyenga iwe, tayamba kuchotsa mtandawo m’diso lako; ndipo pamenepo udzawona momwe ungachotsere kachitsotso m’diso la mbale wako.” ( Luka 6:42 ) ndipo anayerekezera tchimo la mnansi wake ndi kachitsotso, ndi chiweruzo ndi mtengo.
Ndinamvapo za m’bale wina yemwe, popita kuchipinda cha munthu wina n’kuona kuti n’kovuta, anadziuza yekha kuti: “Kukonza ”. Ndipo pamene anapita kwa wina n’kuona kuti chipindacho n’chokonzedwa bwino, anadziuza kuti: “Monga mmene mzimu wa m’baleyu ulili woyera, selo lake n’loyera.
Tiyenera kukhala okonzeka mawu aliwonse amene timva, akuti, “Pepani!”
Aliyense amene amapemphera kwa Mulungu kuti, “Ambuye, ndichepetseni,” ayenera kudziwa kuti akupempha Mulungu kuti atumize munthu woti amukhumudwitse. “
Kangapo konse mu Gazette ya Brotherhood Gazette (yofalitsidwa ndi a Russian Baptists) ndinapeza mawu akuti: “Mkristu wakale amati:…”. Mawu ochokera kwa John Chrysostom nthawi zambiri amatsatira. Ndine, ndithudi, wokondwa kuti ena a malingaliro a wazamulungu wamkulu uyu amakopa Achiprotestanti. Koma ndimayembekezerabe kuti atsatire lamulo la Mtumwi Paulo momveka bwino: “Kumbukirani aphunzitsi anu” (Aheb. 13:7). Osatchula mayina awo. Ndidzilola kukumbukira mawu osachepera atatu ochokera kwa St. John Chrysostom: “Ngati wina ayamba kukumba dzala pamene mukudutsa, ndiuzeni, kodi simudzayamba kumudzudzula kapena kumunyoza? Chitaninso chimodzimodzi ndi otsutsa ake. ” “Kodi alipo amene watenga chuma chako?” Sanawononge moyo koma ndalama. Ngati muchita zachipongwe, mudzadzipweteka nokha ... ". “Vala nsapato yaikulu kuposa mapazi ako, ndipo idzakuvutitsani, chifukwa idzakulepheretsani kuyenda: choncho nyumbayo, yokulirapo kuposa momwe iyenera kukhalira, ikulepheretsani kuyenda kumwamba.
Ndipo izi ndi zinyenyeswazi zochokera ku cholowa cha dzina la St. Chrysostom - Wolemekezeka Yohane wa Makwerero: munthu wosiyidwa yekha, ngati kuti akukangana ndi kukwiyira wolakwayo ... Iye amene amati amakonda Ambuye koma amakwiyira mbale wake ali ngati. munthu amene m’kulota akuganiza kuti akuthamanga… Zachabechabe zimamamatira ku chirichonse: Ine pamene ndimasala kudya, koma pamene ndisiya kusala kudya kuti ndibise kudziletsa kwanga kwa anthu, ndimakhala wodzikuza, wodziyesa wanzeru. Ndikayamba kuyankhula ndidathedwa nzeru ndi zachabechabe. Akangokhala chete ndimagonjanso naye. Ziribe kanthu momwe mungaponyere katatu iyi, imayima nthawi zonse ndi tsamba.
Nthawi zambiri, pali nthano za Orthodox monasticism, pali monasticism palokha, ndipo pali kumvetsetsa kwa Orthodox kwa moyo wachikhristu mwachiwombankhanga komanso makamaka monasticism. Ndipo zambiri zimene amonke ankamvetsa zokhudza munthu zimapezeka mwa iwo okha ndi anthu ena amene atenga njira yolimbana ndi uchimo. Ndipo zambiri zomwe amonke amalangiza sizimangonena za ongoyamba kumene. Ndipo osati "chikoka chachikunja", osati "Platonism" osati "Gnosticism" zobisika m'mawu a Isaac Sirin, omwe amafotokozera tanthauzo la monasticism: "Kukwanira kwa ntchito yonse kumakhala mu zinthu zitatu izi: kulapa, ukhondo ndi mchitidwe kulima. Kodi “kulapa”? - Kusiya zakale ndi chisoni pa izo. Kodi “chiyero” n’chiyani? - Mwachidule: mtima umene umagwira chilengedwe chilichonse cholengedwa. Kodi “mtima wosirira” n’chiyani? - mtima ukayaka pa zolengedwa zonse, anthu, mbalame, nyama, ziwanda ndi zolengedwa zonse, opanda mawu ndi adani a Choonadi ndi kuti ayeretsedwe ndi kusungidwa - munthu ayenera kupemphera ndi zazikulu. chifundo, chinawuka kosatheka mu mtima mwake, kotero kuti akakhale ngati Mulungu. Ndi Uthenga Wabwino basi. Koma Uthenga umenewo umene sunatsekedwe ndi kalata yotsiriza yolembedwa mmenemo, koma wavumbulutsidwa ndi kumera mu mitima yatsopano ndi yatsopano kupyola mu mibadwo yonse ndi zikhalidwe. Uthenga Wabwino umenewo umene unapitirizabe ndi moyo mu Mwambo. Mu Orthodoxy. Ndipo chochitika ichi pofunafuna Khristu, kupeza kwake, kusungidwa kwake, mwambo wa Orthodox umasunga, wophatikizidwa mu zikwi ndi zikwi za tsogolo, nkhani, maumboni. Cholowa ichi ndi chotseguka, chopezeka. Simufunikanso kukhala Orthodox kuti mumudziwe. Zomwe muyenera kuchita ndikuwonetsa chidwi. Ndipo pamenepo, monga mwa chidziwitso cha dziko la Atate, mwinamwake Ambuye adzadzutsa mu mtima mwanu chikhumbo cha kulowa m’dziko lino ndi kukhala gawo lake lamoyo.
Wolemba: Prof. Andrey Kuraev
Andrei Kuraev ndi pulofesa ku St. Tikhon's Orthodox Theological Institute. Titus ku Moscow, Mtsogoleri wa Dipatimenti ya Zaumulungu ndi Kupepesa, Mnzake Wofufuza Wamkulu wa Dipatimenti ya Philosophy of Religion and Religious Studies pa Faculty of Philosophy azakhali a Moscow State University.
Gwero: Prof. Andrei Kuraev, - Mu: magazini ya SVET, Nkhani 1/2022 - Zowoneka ngati zaumulungu.
