Chaka chapitacho, Mkulu wa Tchalitchi cha Orthodox ku Russia Kirill anayamikira Gorbachev chifukwa cha zaka zake 90.th tsiku lobadwa. Koma nkhondo isanayambe. Purezidenti womaliza wa Soviet Union atamwalira masiku angapo apitawa, Kirill adakhala chete, osapereka chipepeso, ndipo sananene chilichonse. Zimenezo sizikuwoneka ngati kulakwitsa.
M'malo mwake, olimba mtima a Tchalitchi cha Russian Orthodox (ROC) ali ndi chakukhosi ndi Gorbachev. Izo zingawoneke ngati zodabwitsa, pamene inu mukudziwa kuti iye ndi amene anathetsa zaka 70 za kuponderezedwa (ndi zokwera ndi zotsika) za okhulupirira Orthodox mu Soviet Union. Mu 1988, Gorbachev anali ndi msonkhano wa mphindi 90 ndi Patriarch Pimen, kumene iye anavomereza zolakwa za Soviet Union pa tchalitchi ndi kulonjeza nyengo yatsopano ya ufulu wachipembedzo. Ndipo adakwaniritsa lonjezo lake.
Msonkhano wa Gorbachev ndi John Paul II
Koma ngakhale asanakhazikitse lamulo lodziwika bwino la ufulu wachipembedzo mu 1990, Gorbachev anawonjezera chifundo cha ku Russia osati cha Tchalitchi cha Russian Orthodox chokha. Mu December 1989, anakumana ndi Papa John-Paul II (kumeneko kunali koyambirira) ndipo analonjeza kuti Soviet Union idzapereka ufulu wachipembedzo kunyumba kwawo. “Anthu ovomereza machimo ambiri, kuphatikizapo Akristu, Asilamu, Ayuda, Abuda ndi ena amakhala ku Soviet Union. Onse ali ndi kuyenera kwa kukhutiritsa zosoŵa zawo zauzimu,” anatero Gorbachev tsiku limenelo. Mawu oti "ena" analidi khomo lotseguka kwa zipembedzo zambiri zachipembedzo, ndi masomphenya omwe akhala owopsa muulamuliro wa Putin, kulungamitsa mbali ina ya chidani chomwe amalumbira lero kwa Mikhail Gorbachev.
Gorbachev anali wosakhulupirira kuti kuli Mulungu, ngakhale atabatizidwa monga Orthodox ali mwana. Koma kufunitsitsa kwake kulola ufulu wachipembedzo mu Mgwirizanowu kunabala mphekesera zoti iye anali Mkatolika. Ngakhale Purezidenti wa US panthawiyo Reagan adaganiza kuti Gorby atha kukhala "wokhulupirira m'chipinda chogona". Ngakhale kuti kukanakhala kuyamikira kwa Reagan, sizinali choncho ku Soviet Union, kumene atsogoleri a ndale ndi mamembala a chipani anayenera kukhala osakhulupirira kuti kuli Mulungu, kapena ayi. Koma kwa ROC, kuganiziridwa kuti ndi Chikatolika ndikoyipa kuposa kukhala wosakhulupirira kuti kuli Mulungu. Pomaliza, mu 2008, Gorbachev adayenera kutsimikizira kwa Interfax kuti sakhulupirira kuti kuli Mulungu: “”Kuti ndifotokoze mwachidule ndi kupewa kusamvana kulikonse, ndinene kuti ndakhala ndikukhala wosakhulupirira kuti kuli Mulungu,” iye anatero.
Lamulo latsopano lotsimikizira ufulu wachipembedzo
Mu 1990, adasaina lamulo latsopano lotsimikizira ufulu wachipembedzo mu Union. Lamuloli, “lamulo la Ufulu wa chipembedzo”, lotengedwa ndi Khoti Lalikulu la USSR, lapanga mpweya wabwino momwe magulu ambiri achipembedzo ochokera Kumadzulo athamangira. Izi zinali zochuluka kwambiri kwa ROC. Ngakhale idalola ROC kuonjezera chuma chawo ndi mamiliyoni ambiri ndikukulirakulira kuposa kale mzaka 70 zapitazi, sakanatha kupirira kubwera kwa omwe angapikisane nawo, ndipo sakanatha kuganiza kuti amayenera kuyima molingana ndi zonsezi " aneneri onyenga”, kaya anali Akatolika, alaliki, Mboni za Yehova kapena a m’gulu lililonse la “mipatuko” XNUMX imene inayamba kukula m’dzikoli.
Pazifukwa zimenezi, Mkulu wa Mabishopu Alexy Wachiwiri wa ku Moscow ndi anzake a m’tchalitchi cha Orthodox anamenyera lamulo latsopano limene anakonza ngakhale kuti analilemba, ndipo Yeltsin analipereka mu 1997. Kumeneku kunali kutha kwa ufulu wachipembedzo kwa anthu onse a ku Russia, ndipo bungwe la ROC linapeza ufulu wonse wachipembedzo. chitetezo ndi maudindo omwe adafuna nthawi yomweyo. Kuyambira tsiku limenelo, malamulo atsopano anawonjezeredwa ku ili, akuletsa kwambiri ufulu wachipembedzo ku Russia, womwe tsopano watsala pang'ono kukhala wopikisana kwambiri ndi China pa nkhani ya kuponderezana kwachipembedzo.
Kwa ROC, ufulu wachipembedzo ndi decadence Western
Ndiye mukumvetsa chifukwa chake Gorby sanalandire chisamaliro chilichonse kuchokera kwa Patriarch Kirill atamwalira. Ndikuganiza kuti Gorbachev samasamala kwambiri. Komabe, popeza Kirill wakhala m'modzi mwa otsutsa kwambiri pankhondo yaku Russia ku Ukraine, kuzilungamitsa ndi malingaliro a metaphysical, iye sakanakhoza ndithudi kukhala wabwino kwa amene anapereka ufulu kwa onse Western "mipatuko" kuti amakhulupirira kuti ndi mphamvu kumbuyo kwa Maidan revolution ku Ukraine, ndipo izo zikuopseza ROC hegemony m'dera wakale Soviet Union. Russian Nationalists, kapena ndinene kuti, "Russian world" nationalists, amadana ndi Kumadzulo, kotero amadana ndi Gorbachev chifukwa adatsegula chitseko kwa okhulupirira m'zipembedzo zobadwa Kumadzulo. Amayamika ufulu ukapatsidwa kwa iwo ndipo amakhulupirira kuti ena sakuyenera.
Timakhulupirira kuti ufulu wachipembedzo kwa aliyense ndi ufulu wapadziko lonse lapansi. Iwo amakhulupirira kuti ndi decadence. Kapena akukhulupirira zopindula zawo, ndipo safuna kugawana. Ziribe chifukwa chomwe chili kumbuyo, Gorby sanali munthu wabwino kwa iwo. Putin amakhulupirira kuti adagulitsa Union. Kirill amakhulupirira kuti adagulitsa malo achipembedzo a Great Russia. Ndipotu, Gorbachev sanagulitse chilichonse. Anapereka ufulu wina kwa anthu ake, ndi kuti, chilichonse chimene chidzachitike m’zaka zikubwerazi, chidzakhalapo ndipo ngakhale kubwereranso patsogolo. Pamene anthu a ku Russia analawa ufulu wachipembedzo, ndipo adzakumbukira kosatha kuti n’zotheka, n’kofunika, ndipo potsirizira pake n’kofunika kukhala ndi moyo waufulu ndi wosavuta.
