Nsalu zotayidwa ku Europe, kuphatikiza zovala ndi nsapato zomwe zidagwiritsidwa kale ntchito, ndizovuta zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira komanso zotumiza kunja. Kuchulukirachulukira kogulitsa kunja kwa nsalu zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito ku EU - zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito ndipo zina zimathera kumalo otayirako - zikuwonetsa kuti Europe ikukumana ndi zovuta momwe angagwiritsire ntchito nsalu zake zomwe zidagwiritsidwa ntchito, malinga ndi chidule cha European Environment Agency (EEA) chofalitsidwa lero.
Kuchuluka kwa nsalu zogwiritsidwa ntchito zotumizidwa kunja Kuchokera ku European Union (EU) chawonjezeka katatu pazaka makumi awiri zapitazi, ndipo ndalamazo zikhoza kuwonjezeka, malinga ndi mwachidule cha EEA '.EU imatumiza kunja kwa nsalu zogwiritsidwa ntchito pachuma chozungulira cha ku Europe'. Kukambiranaku kumatengera zambiri kufufuza mwatsatanetsatane ndi EEA's European Topic Center of Circular Economy and Resource Use.
Europe akukumana zovuta zazikulu pakuwongolera nsalu zogwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe ziyenera kusonkhanitsidwa padera mu EU ndi 2025. Popeza mphamvu zogwiritsira ntchito ndi kubwezeretsanso ku Ulaya ndizochepa, gawo lalikulu la zovala zotayidwa ndi zopereka ndi nsalu zina zimatumizidwa ku Africa ndi Asia. Zomwe anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti zopereka za zovala zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse m'maderawa siziwonetsa zenizeni. Akatumizidwa kunja, tsogolo la nsalu zogwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri silidziwika, malinga ndi mwachidule cha EEA chomwe chimayang'ana za machitidwe ndi zomwe zikuchitika pazogulitsa kunja kwa EU za nsalu zogwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira 2000 mpaka 2019.
Malinga ndi zomwe bungwe la United Nations linafufuza, kugulitsa nsalu kunja kwa EU kwawonjezeka ndipo kwachoka ku Africa ndi ku Asia. Chidulechi chikuwonetsanso momwe zovuta zina zokhudzana ndi zogulitsa kunjazi zikuyankhidwa ndi mfundo zaposachedwa komanso zomwe akufuna ku EU. Mu Njira ya EU pazovala zokhazikika komanso zozungulira, lofalitsidwa mu Marichi 2022, kufunikira kothana ndi zovuta zogulitsa kunja kumatchulidwa mwachindunji.
Zotsatira zazikulu:
- Kuchuluka kwa nsalu zogwiritsidwa ntchito zotumizidwa kunja kuchokera ku EU katatu pazaka makumi awiri zapitazi kuchokera ku matani opitilira 550,000 mu 2000 kufika pafupifupi matani 1.7 miliyoni mu 2019.
- Kuchuluka kwa nsalu zomwe zidatumizidwa kunja mu 2019 zinali pafupifupi ma kilogalamu 3.8 pa munthu aliyense, kapena 25% pafupifupi 15 kg wa nsalu zodyedwa chaka chilichonse ku EU.
- Mu 2019, 46% za nsalu zogwiritsidwa ntchito zotumizidwa kuchokera ku EU zidatha Africa. Zovalazo zimapita kukagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwanuko chifukwa pakufunika zovala zotsika mtengo, zogwiritsidwa ntchito ku Europe. Zomwe siziyenera kugwiritsidwanso ntchito nthawi zambiri zimangokhala malo otayirapo otseguka komanso mitsinje ya zinyalala zosakhazikika.
- Mu 2019, 41% za nsalu zogwiritsidwa ntchito zotumizidwa kuchokera ku EU zidatha Asia. Zambiri mwa nsaluzi zimatumizidwa kumadera odzipereka azachuma komwe zimasanjidwa ndikusinthidwa. Nsalu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimatsitsidwa kukhala nsanza za mafakitale kapena zodzaza, kapena zimatumizidwanso kuti zibwezeretsedwenso m'maiko ena aku Asia kapena kuti zigwiritsidwenso ntchito ku Africa. Zovala zomwe sizingagwiritsiridwenso ntchito kapena kutumizidwa kunja mwina zimatha kutayidwa.
Zopangidwa ndi ma fiber: kodi amapereka njira ina 'yobiriwira'?
Ulusi wopangidwa ndi bio omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazovala ndi nsalu zina nthawi zambiri amawonedwa ngati njira zokhazikika, koma lipoti latsopano laukadaulo ndi EEA's European Topic Center of Circular Economy and Resource Use ikuwonetsa kuti chithunzichi chikufunika kusamala.
Ngakhale ulusi wopangidwa ndi bio umapereka mwayi woti muthane ndi nsalu zopangidwa kuchokera ku mapulasitiki (makamaka opangidwa ndi mafuta ndi gasi), zimayambitsa zovuta zina zachilengedwe, kuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ndi nthaka zokhudzana ndi ntchito zaulimi, kudula mitengo ndi kukonza fiber. Kuphatikiza apo, lipotilo likuwonetsa kuti zomwe adachokera siziwamasula kuzinthu zachilengedwe zokhudzana ndi ma microfibers, zinyalala komanso kubwezanso.
