Mtsutso wokhudzana ndi kuvomerezeka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo wakhala ukupitirira kwa zaka zambiri, ndikupita patsogolo pang'ono kuti pakhale mgwirizano womwe umakwaniritsa zofuna za mbali zonse.
Kumbali ina, anthu ena amachirikiza lingaliro la kuvomereza kotheratu mankhwala onse oledzeretsa kapena, makamaka, kuwaletsa. Komabe, ngati mankhwala ali ovomerezeka, ndi bwino kuganiza kuti anthu ambiri adzawagwiritsa ntchito chifukwa adzakhala opezeka mosavuta ndipo sadzakhala ndi malingaliro oipa. Ngati cholinga chake ndi kupanga anthu opanda mankhwala osokoneza bongo, sizikuwoneka kuti kupangitsa kuti mankhwala azipezeka mosavuta ndiyo njira yoyenera.
Kumbali inayi, anthu ena amagwirizana ndi maganizo oti apitilize ndi ndondomeko yomwe ilipo, yomwe ndi yoti anthu agwiritse ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kukhala milandu. Komabe, pafupifupi zaka 50 za ndondomeko za nkhondo pa mankhwala osokoneza bongo zalephera kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ku America ndi chiwerengero cha mankhwala chikuwonjezereka chaka chilichonse, osati kusintha. Pakadali pano, kukhazikitsidwa kwa anthu okonda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kwachititsa kuti pakhale ndende zambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
Zoonadi, cholinga chake chiyenera kukhala kuchepetsa kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi kuthandiza omwerekera kuchira, osati kuwaimba mlandu. Koma n’zokayikitsa kuti njira yamakono kapena njira yovomerezeka yabulangete idzakwaniritsa cholinga ichi. Zingakhale zotheka kuti kulolerana kungapangitse kuti zinthu zikhale bwino. Dongosolo loterolo lingaletse kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mankhwala kumlingo wakutiwakuti kwinaku akusiyabe zilango zina zomwe zingathandize omwerekera kupeza chithandizo.
Mwina yankho siliri kuvomerezeka kwa 100% kapena kuphwanya malamulo a 100%, koma ndi dongosolo lomangidwa bwino lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito zilango zina zolakwira pomwe limathandizira, kulimbikitsa, ndikuumirira chithandizo nthawi zonse.
Kusanthula Mfundo Zonse
Umboni wina umasonyeza zimenezo kulembetsa cannabis zapangitsa kuti anthu ambiri azigwiritsa ntchito chamba m'maboma omwe adavomereza. Komanso, umboni wina umasonyezanso kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monga opioids, adapitanso m'maboma omwe adawalembetsa mwalamulo. Zowona, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa opioid kwakhala kukuchitika m'dziko lonselo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosatheka kudziwa ngati kuwonjezereka kwa nkhanza za opioid m'maiko amenewo ndi zotsatira za kuvomerezeka kwa cannabis.
Anthu omwe amatsutsa kuvomerezeka kwalamulo amanenanso kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi umbanda zimayendera limodzi. Komabe, mbali iyi ya mkanganoyo iyenera kuti idzathetsedwa m'dziko lolinganizidwa lomwe mankhwala onse ali ovomerezeka. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuli kovulaza kwambiri mosasamala kanthu za malamulo, ndipo ngakhale mankhwalawo akanakhala ovomerezeka, omwerekera akadavutikabe, anthu amene amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo akanafabe, ndipo kumwerekera kumawonongabe mabanja.
Mosiyana ndi zimenezo, umboni wina umasonyeza kuti mankhwala aletsedwa ndi/kapena kuvomerezeka zimapangitsa kuti chithandizo chizipezeka kwa omwerekera, amachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, amachepetsa kwambiri kusalidwa kogwirizana ndi kuledzera, ndikusintha chidwi cha anthu pazachizoloŵezi kukhala chimodzi mwazokonda kukhala a umoyo nkhani, osati chikhumbo chaupandu. Pokhala ndi cholinga chochiza chizoloŵezi choledzeretsa ndi kuchira kwa omwe akuvutika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, njira yachifundo komanso yokhudzana ndi thanzi la kumwerekera ingakhale chitukuko chopindulitsa.
Tsoka ilo, m'malo ku US komwe kuletsa kapena kulembetsa mwalamulo kwayesedwa, pakhala zotsatira zosakanikirana bwino kwambiri. Chitsanzo chaposachedwa kwambiri ndi ku Oregon, zomwe zangotulutsa kumene ziwerengero zokhumudwitsa za anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lokonda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, chithandizo, komanso kumwa mopitirira muyeso pambuyo pa chaka chimodzi cha kuletsedwa kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo m'chigawochi. Mwachidule, boma silinakumane ndi kukwera kwa chithandizo chamankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena kutsika kwamankhwala osokoneza bongo komwe linkayembekezera kuti njira zochotsera milandu zingayambitse.
Ndizotsimikizika kuti pulogalamu yomwe simatsekera anthu ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo koma yomwe imawakakamiza kuti alandire chithandizo ndi njira yoyenera. Njira yotereyi ikadaperekabe lingaliro lakuti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo sikwabwino, koma kungachite tero potengera kuti omwerekera. ayenela funani chithandizo ndikupeza bwino. Kungakhale njira yachifundo koma yolimba.
Mwina kusiya zilango zina koma kuzisintha kapena kuzichepetsa ngati chithandizo chatsirizidwa ndi njira yabwino kwambiri. Imayendera mfundo zapakati ndipo sichilola mankhwala osokoneza bongo mwalamulo kapena kupangitsa kuti kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwawo kukhala koyenera, komanso sikuyimitsa anthu chifukwa chokhala ndi kumwerekera. Ku Oregon, njira yovotera yaposachedwa yoletsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ikuwoneka kuti sikugwira ntchito chifukwa panalibe chilimbikitso chomwe chidakhazikitsidwa kuti chikakamize anthu omwe amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo akagwidwa. M'malo mwake, njira yofanana ndi ya Oregon koma yokhala ndi dongosolo labwinoko kuwongolera omwerekera ku chithandizo akhoza kukhala yankho.
Mapulogalamu Omwe Amatsogolera Kuchiza ndi Kuchira Ndi Yankho
Ndikofunikira kukhala ndi zokambirana zaposachedwa za momwe, kumbali ina, chizolowezi chowawaza kwambiri si yankho lolondola, komanso kuvomerezeka kwabulangete popanda mapulogalamu othandizira othandizira, komanso ndikungolimbikitsa chithandizo ngati gawo lazotsatira zake. kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. M'malo mwake, kunyengerera komwe kumachepetsa zilango zopezeka ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kwinaku kukakamiza omwe agwidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo. funani chithandizo mwina ndi njira yabwinoko.
Mwina njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera vutoli ingakhale kukhazikitsa mapulogalamu osokoneza bongo omwe angatumize ophwanya mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuti alandire chithandizo, osati m'ndende. Chitsanzo choterocho chakhazikitsidwa ndi kupambana kwina m'malo ngati Seattle, Washington ndi Baltimore, Maryland, PA
Kusuta si vuto lomwe limatha, ngakhale kwa iwo omwe amayesetsa kwambiri kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Ngati mukudziwa munthu amene akugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, chonde chitani zonse zomwe mungathe kuti amuthandize.
Zothandizira:
- https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2784528
- https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1903434116
- https://drugpolicy.org/sites/default/files/DPA_Fact_Sheet_Portugal_Decriminalization_Feb2015.pdf
- https://www.theguardian.com/news/2017/dec/05/portugals-radical-drugs-policy-is-working-why-hasnt-the-world-copied-it
- https://apnews.com/article/health-business-europe-oregon-salem-158728e57e1d48bc957c5b907bcda5f5
- https://leadkingcounty.org/
- https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/crime/bs-md-ci-drug-diversion-program-20170206-story.html
Adawunikiridwanso ndi Claire Pinelli; ICAADC, ICCS, LADC, RAS, MCAP, LCDC
Nkhani yoyamba lofalitsidwa apa.
