ndi Gregory, Bishopu waku Russia (Metropolitan of Kiev and Western Russia Grigory Tsamblak, 1364 – c. 1420*)
Tchuthi cha lero ndicho kukwaniritsidwa kwa chisamaliro chimene Mwana Wobadwa Yekha wa Mulungu anachitira mtundu wa anthu, wotumizidwa osati mwaukapolo, koma mwaumulungu, monga kukwaniritsa chifuniro cha Atate; Iye sanaonekere ku dziko m’maonekedwe, koma kwenikweni: m’kufowoka kwathu, pamene anavala thupi laumunthu natenga thupi laumunthu, anakhala ngati thupi lachabechabe lathu, monga momwe Paulo mphunzitsi wanzeru akunenera. Ndipo osati kupyolera mu mtanda wokha, misomali ndi kulasidwa ndi mkondo m’nthiti, chowonadi cha Iye mwini chinatsimikiziridwa, komanso kudzera mu imfa, manda, kuuka kwa akufa, kukhudza kwa wophunzira, ndipo – potsiriza – lero kudzera mwa Iye. Kukwera kumwamba Iye anatsimikizira aliyense. Kukwera kumwamba kumene Iye anakwezera Adamu wakale nakhala Adamu Watsopano, chifukwa kunali koyenera kuti zakale zikhale zatsopano ndi zatsopano, odwala ayenera kuchiritsidwa ndi sing'anga, akugwa ayenera kuukitsidwa ndi amphamvu. akufa ayenera kuukitsidwa ndi moyo, oweruzidwa ndi uchimo - kuchokera kwa opanda uchimo kuti alungamitsidwe, ovunda kuchoka ku chosavunda kukhala chosavunda, chapadziko lapansi kuchokera kumwamba kuti akwezedwe. Ndipo atakhala pachibale ndi ife, akapolo, ku thupi ndi mwazi wathu (kupatula ukapolo!), Ifenso tinalumikizana ndi ulemerero ndi ulemu Wake (kupatula ulamuliro!). Ndipo popeza Yesu anali woyamba mwa abale ambiri, iye analinso woyamba wa akufa (anaukitsidwa). Kupyolera m’dzina la umwana, iye analemekeza iwo amene anakhulupirira dzina lake, ndipo mwa moyo wosakhoza kufa iye anawakomera iwo chifundo, kukonza njira ya Chiwukitsiro, kotero kuti iwo amene anafa chifukwa cha Adamu wakale akatsitsimutsidwe chifukwa cha Watsopano. Ndipo pa nthawi yomweyo, sipadzakhala kutsika ku gehena, monga kunali chifukwa cha mmodzi, koma kukwera kumwamba, monga lero, chifukwa cha Chatsopano. Ndipo popeza munthu, atakalamba m’zinthu zonse chifukwa cha zolakwa, nakhala wopanda pake, natayika, ataonongeka maganizo mwa kulakwa kwa umulungu, nasandutsa chololera cha moyo kukhala chopanda nzeru (kuchokera pamenepo anakhala wopanda nzeru kotheratu, wosiyana ndi maonekedwe a munthu. nyama zosalankhula), Mawu asandulika thupi, akunenepa, kuti akachiritse opanda nzeru mwa iye yekha; amavomereza munthu wanzeru ndi wamoyo, kotero kuti akhoza kuchiritsa maganizo owonongeka ndi kubwezeretsa moyo wonyengeka, ndi kukonzanso munthu m’chilichonse kotheratu ndi wangwiro kupyolera mwa iye mwini. Pakuti osati kwa angelo, osati kwa angelo, osati akerubi ndi aserafi, osati kwa cholengedwa china chirichonse chinali choyenera ntchito iyi, koma kwa Iye yekha amene pachiyambi adalenga munthu. Chifukwa chakuti atamukonzanso kotheratu ndi kuvala watsopano (malinga ndi Akol. 3) pakufa, adamuchotsa iye; kuukitsa, iye kuukitsidwa; ndipo pamenepo anakwera, nakweranso ndi Iye yekha, namuyika pa dzanja lamanja la Mulungu ndi Atate, amene sanamcokera konse. Iye adzatumiza Mzimu Wake Woyera m’malilime a moto kuti uunikire dziko lapansi, kutonthoza ophunzira achisoni, kuwapatsa mphatso, kuwabatiza, kuwapanga kukhala anzeru, kuwakonzekeretsa ndi mphamvu yaumulungu ndi kuwatumiza kukalalikira, malirime awo ngati zokopa. nanola ngati malilime amoto. Popeza kuti Mwana anaonekera padziko lapansi ndipo anakhala ndi anthu, kunali koyenera kuti Mzimu nayenso utsike, kusonyeza zochita zake. Inu khalani - iye anati - mu mzinda wa Yerusalemu mpaka mutavekedwa ndi mphamvu yochokera kumwamba (Luka 24:49). Ndipo m’mene adanena ichi, alikuyang’anira, ananyamulidwa, ndipo mtambo unamtenga iye pamaso pao. Ndipo pamene iwo adali kuyang’ana kumwamba, amuna awiri adayimilira pamaso pawo obvala zoyera, nanena, Amuna a ku Galileya, muimiranji ndi kuyang’ana kumwamba?
Ndiuzeni, ndimotani mmene ophunzira ayenera kuti anazunzika ndiye, amene anakhala nthawi yochuluka ndi Ambuye, anakumana ndi zowawa Zake, ndipo pamene, pambuyo pa chisoni chochuluka, iwo anali atangoona chisangalalo cha Kuuka kwa Akufa, kuti icho chichotsedwe pomwepo. kuchokera kwa iwo? Choncho anangoima chilili ndi kuyang’ana kumwamba ndi chisoni. Ndipo monga ngati ali ndi mantha, anaganiza kuti sanamuone, koma angelo amene anawonekera kudzalengeza kuti Iye akudzanso. Ndipo iwo ali mu zobvala zoyera, kotero kuti kuchokera ku zovala izi angasinthe chisoni kukhala chisangalalo. Anthu a ku Galileya ananena, chifukwa Ayuda anamutcha Ambuye Mgalileya, namuchitira mwano. Ndicho chifukwa chake angelo aamuna a ku Galileya anawatcha iwo, ndipo kutchula dzina lomwelo, mwa kugwirizana nawo, iwo analimbikitsa kulimba mtima ndi chitonthozo. Yesu amene akwera kumwamba kuchokera kwa inu, adzabwera momwemo monga munamuwona ali kupita kumwamba (Machitidwe 1:11). Yesu uyu, osati wina - ananena - koma uyu. Osati amene Ayuda akumuyembekezera kukhala mpulumutsi (odzitaya okha!), koma Iye amene inu muli mboni za Iye: kupachikidwa, kuikidwa m’manda, wotchedwa wonyenga, wowukitsidwa, ndipo tsopano kuchokera mwa inu akukwera kumwamba – iye anati – kotero kuti iwo musaganize kuti Iye anatengedwa mlengalenga monga Eliya, chifukwa kwalembedwa za iye: ndipo Eliya ananyamulidwa ndi kamvuluvulu monga kumwamba (molingana ndi 4 Mafumu 2:11), ndipo pano osati ngati kumwamba. koma kumwamba. Yesu ameneyo, akukwera kumwamba kuchokera kwa inu, adzabweranso momwemo. Mwanjira yanji! M’maonekedwe amene munamuwona akukwera kumwamba, adzabwera m’thupi kudzaweruza anthu onse! Chotero, pa mitambo ya kumwamba, pakufika ndi ulemerero, munthu aliyense adzamuwona Iye! Milomo yodetsedwa ya ampatuko itsekedwe, pakuti Mulungu akwera m’thupi, koma amakhala wosasinthika mwa onse awiri: m’modzi mikhalidwe iwiri yochita kusasanganikirana.
Si Tomasi yekha, womkhudza Iye, anabvomereza Mulungu ndi munthu, koma angelo adaphunzitsanso atumwi kotero, kuti: kotero chidzafika, pakuti Mulungu sali wamaliseche, kapena munthu wamba, koma Mulungu ndi munthu, munthu wogwirizana ndi Mulungu . Muyimiriranji ndi kuyang’ana kumwamba, monga ngati mukunena kuti: Muliriranji pamene Iye akupita kwa Atate, monga ngati kuti munasiyidwa? Kodi simukumbukira kuti asanapachikidwe, kupanga chifuniro, analankhula ndi inu, sindidzakusiyani inu (Yohane 14:18), ndipo pa phiri la Galileya analonjeza kuti adzakhala ndi inu, nanena, Ine ndiri ndi inu. masiku onse kufikira chimaliziro cha dziko (Mateyu 28:20). Ndipo chifukwa chakuti anakusankhani kuti mutuluke m’dziko ndi kutcha inu abwenzi ake (mogwirizana ndi Yohane 15:19; 15:15 ), iye akupita kukakukonzerani inu malo kwa Atate, kuti mukakhale ndi iye ( malinga ndi kunena kwa Yohane. 14:2-3) ndi kuwona ulemerero wake, wokhalapo kosatha ndi Atate ndi Mzimu Woyera, amene ali naye kuyambira dziko lapansi lisanalengedwe, ndi Nkhosweyo wotumidwa kwa inu kuchokera kwa Atate, Mzimu wa chowonadi. 15:26), osati mu thupi, monga Iye anali mu thupi, koma Iye Yekha adzakhala Iye akutsika chifukwa Iye ndi Mulungu ndipo amaonekera monga Iye afuna (molingana ndi Yohane 14:16-17).
O ntchito zaulemerero! O, zinsinsi zosazindikirika! Pakuti kale, kuyambira pachiyambi, mphatso zazikulu ndi zopulumutsa zinatumizidwa kuchokera kumwamba kupita ku dziko lapansi, ndipo kuchokera kumwamba kupita ku malo apansi, monga pa Eksodo: mtambo njo usana, ndi moto njo. usiku ( Eks. 14:24 ) , m’chipululu mana ndi zinziri ( Eks. 16:13 ), Pangano loperekedwa paphiri, ndi mtambo wophimba chihema chokumanako ( Eks. 33:7-11 ) ) pamene Aroni ndi ana ake anali kutumikira, ndipo moto unatsika pa nsembe yoperekedwa ( Lev. 9:24 ), komanso maonekedwe osiyanasiyana a angelo, komanso Yesu ( Yes. 5:14 ), Manowa ( Ower. 13 ) :3), Danieli ( Dan. 9:21 ), Zekariya ( Luka 1:11-13 ) ndi Ezekieli, pamene m’usiku umodzi mngeloyo anapha asilikali a Asuri zikwi zana limodzi mphambu makumi asanu ndi aŵiri kudza asanu ( 2 Mafumu 19:35; (Yes. 37:36), ndi kuyima kwa nyali ndi kusuntha kobwerera, monga momwe zinalili ku Yeriko pansi pa Yesu (Yes. 10:13) ndi ku Yerusalemu pansi pa Yesaya (Yes. 38:8) ndi ena ambiri. Masiku ano miyamba imapindula ndi dziko lapansi, mphatso zaumulungu ndi zazikulu zimatumizidwa kuchokera pansi - pamwamba (zauzimu!) Lero ulosi wa m’masalimo unakwaniritsidwa, umene umati: “Mulungu anakwera ndi kufuula, Yehova anakwera ndi kulira kwa lipenga (Masalmo 46:6). Ndipo kunali koyenera, chifukwa kuli koyenera kuti Mfumuyo ikwere ndi kufuula, chifukwa kulirako ndi kulengeza ndi kulemekezedwa kwa anthu, kuperekedwa kwa mafumu ndi ogonjetsa, ndipo Mfumu yathu monga mgonjetsi inakwera kwa Atate, kutsogolera dziko lapansi. dziko lapansi ku utumiki Wake.
Iwo anaitana makamu a angelo, ndipo analengeza ndi mantha aakulu ndi mofulumira. Liwu lawo la lipenga linali lofanana. Kodi maulamuliro akumwamba adanena chiyani, akufuula: adalemekeza, adayimba, adayamika, adapereka nyimbo yopatulika itatu ngati mphatso, adazizwa ndi kutsika koteroko, kumuwona Iye ndi Atate, atakhala pa akerubi nayimba ndi aserafi, mu thupi monga Ambuye akukwera kuchokera ku dziko lapansi. Ndipo atagwidwa ndi mantha, analamula magulu akuluakulu kuti akweze chitseko. Pamene anafunsa modabwa kuti, “Kodi ameneyu ndani?” Anaphunzira kuti iye ndi wamphamvu ndi wamphamvu pa zida zankhondo, Mfumu ya ulemerero ndi Yehova wa makamu. Ndithu, iye ndi Yemwe adapondereza imfa kudzera mu Imfa, ndi amene adagwirizanitsa zogawikana. "Ndipo chifukwa chiyani zovala zake zili zofiira," adatero. "Kuti adziwike kuti ndiye Mfumu yathu, koma sitinamuonepo atavala chibakuwa." Ndipo ananenanso kuti: “Amachokera ku Vosor” (monga mwa Yesaya 63:1). “Thupi limanyamula – iye anati – chimene chifukwa cha umunthu adachilandira” (malinga ndi Yesaya 63:9), chifukwa mu thupi la Suriya limatchedwa vosor. Zikuoneka kuti ngakhale mphamvu zakumwamba zikumufunsa mwamantha ndi mozizwa. “N’chifukwa chiyani zovala zanu zili zofiira ngati munthu amene waponda mumzere?” ( molingana ndi Yesaya 63:2 ). Kuyang'ana pa Iye ndi manja ovulazidwa, miyendo ndi nthiti, iwo amabwera ku funso ili. "Ndipo ngati chifukwa cha ubwino Wake waukulu - adanena - adadziveka yekha thupi kudzera mu chisomo, ndiye chifukwa chiyani mumavala miyendo yamagazi ndi yopyola, ngati simukumva ululu chifukwa cha umulungu Wanu?" “Iye anaimirira, nalankhula, ndinaponda ndekha, ndinakhetsa mwazi wanga ndekha chifukwa cha onse, ndipo panalibe munthu ndi ine mwa amitundu (monga mwa Yesaya 63:3). Ndipo osati mwa amitundu, anati, Ndinaponda ichi cha mwazi Wanga, koma pakati pa munda wokondedwa wa mpesa, mwa Yudeya, kunja kwa mzinda wa Yerusalemu, umene ndidayembekeza kubala mphesa, koma unabala minga. chifukwa chake zobvala zanga ndi zofiira” (monga mwa Yesaya 63:3). Ndipo bwanji za iwo: "Ulemerero kwa Inu, Ambuye, ulemerero ku zowawa zanu, Kuuka ndi Kukwera Kumwamba!".
Phwando lake lopatulika linaitanidwa kuchokera kutali ndi Mulungu, kuti: “Kwerani kumwamba, inu Mulungu, ndipo ulemerero wanu ukhale padziko lonse lapansi!” Kuyambira pamene Iye anakwera, padziko lonse lapansi mtanda ukupembedzedwa, chifukwa kulikonse mtanda umatchedwa ulemerero. Ndipo Habakuku: Yehova anakwera kumwamba nagunda; adzaweruza malekezero a dziko lapansi, ali olungama (1 Mafumu 2:10). Pamenepo Davide anati: “Yehova anakwera ndi kulira kwa lipenga ( Sal. 46:6 ), ndipo apa Habakuku anagunda ndi kunena kuti: “Yehova anakwera kumwamba ndipo anagunda. Ndipo chowonjezerapo: pamene Iye anakwera, malipenga a Uthenga Wabwino anamveka paliponse. Ndiponso, Yohane waumulungu, wotchedwa ndi Ambuye Mwiniwake mwana wa bingu, monga ngati kuchokera kumwamba kwina kwa zaumulungu, akulengeza kuchokera kumwamba mpaka malekezero a dziko lapansi ndi liwu lomveka kuposa bingu: Pachiyambi panali Mawu, ndipo Mawu. anali ndi Mulungu, ndipo Mulungu anali Mawu. Zinthu zonse zinalengedwa ndi Iye, ndipo kopanda Iye sikunalengedwa kanthu kalikonse kolengedwa (Yohane 1:1; 1:3).
Tiyeni tipitenso kwa mlaliki Luka kuti tiwone momwe, pambuyo pa Kuuka kwa Mpulumutsi, Iye anatsagana ndi ophunzira mu (kwawo) kutopa, kukweza mzimu wakugwa mobwerezabwereza ndikuwongolera maganizo awo kumwamba. Ndipo panali masiku ambiri: anaonekera kwa iwo masiku makumi anai, nalankhula za Ufumu wa Mulungu (Machitidwe 1:3). Iye sananene kuti “Kwa masiku makumi anayi aonekera kwa iwo”, koma m’masiku makumi anayi. Osati monga chisanachitike Chiwukitsiro, pamene anali nawo nthawi zonse, kotero ndiye, nthawi zina amawonekera, nthawi zina amachoka. Akaonekera, nthawi zambiri ankakhala nawo patebulo, n’kuwakumbutsa makhalidwe awo akale ndi kuwadziwitsa kuti sadzawasiya. Mfundo yaikulu pa zonsezi ndi Kuuka kwa akufa kuti atsimikizire. 1 Chotero, polowa pagome, anawalamulira kuti asapite kutali ndi Yerusalemu (monga Machitidwe 4:1), chifukwa pochita mantha ndi kunthunthumira, anawatsogolera ku Galileya, chifukwa cha mtunda ndi chete pa phiri. kukhala chete ndi ufulu womva zimene amalankhula. Ndipo pamene anamva iwo, anawalandira, nakhala masiku makumi anai, anawalamulira iwo ku Yerusalemu kuti asapite kutali. Chifukwa chiyani? Pakuti ngati nkhondo yowerengeka yolimbana ndi ambiri, palibe amene amawalola kutuluka mpaka atanyamula zida, kotero kuti iwo amene asanatsikepo Mzimu Woyera saloledwa kuwonekera pankhondo, kuti asagwidwe mosavuta ndi kugwidwa ndi ambiri. . Osati zokhazo, komanso chifukwa ambiri akanakhulupirira kuchokera ku zomwe zinkachitika kumeneko. Ndipo chachitatu, kuti ena asanene kuti asiya anthu a ku Yerusalemu omwe amawadziwa ndipo abwera kuno kudzanyada. Dikirani lonjezo la Atate, limene munalimva kwa Ine (Machitidwe 4:15). Ndi liti pamene iwo anamvetsera izo? Ndiye pamene anati: “Ndipo akadzafika Nkhosweyo, amene Ine ndidzamtuma kwa inu kuchokera kwa Atate, iye adzachitira umboni za Ine (Yohane 26:16). Ndiponso: Ngati sindichoka, Mtonthoziyo sadzabwera kwa inu (Yohane 7:XNUMX).
Pamene Iye anali pano, Mtonthozi sanabwere, koma pamene Iye anachoka, Iye anadza nthawi yomweyo, koma patapita masiku khumi. Ndipo mudzati bwanji, Mzimu Woyera sanatsika pomwepo, atangokwera kumwamba? Kuti amkhumbe Iye kwambiri, kuti akamve chisoni ndi chiyembekezo, ndi changu chachikulu kumulandira Iye. Pakuti wina akadatsika ndi wina kukwera, (Mtonthozi) akadatsalira ndipo chitonthozo sichikadakhala chachikulu. Chifukwa chake amachedwetsa ndipo sabwera nthawi yomweyo, kotero kuti ali ndi chisoni pang'ono ndi ludzu lolonjezedwa, chisangalalo choyera kuti alandire lonjezano. Ndipo popeza onse anatamanda ubatizo wa Yohane, kuti angaganize mwa umunthu chifukwa cha kuphweka kwa mtima komwe, kumasonyeza kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa iye ndi Yohane ndikutsindika kuti Yohane amabatiza ndi madzi, ndipo inu mudzabatizidwa ndi Mzimu Woyera. ( Machitidwe 1:5 ). Ndipo sichokhacho, koma iwo eniwo adawonetsedwa kuti ndi akulu kuposa Yohane, chifukwa mwa Mzimu Woyera adzabatiza ena (anthu). Ndipo sananene mpaka ine ndikubatizani inu, koma mpaka inu mutabatizidwa, mu chirichonse kutisiyira ife zitsanzo za nzeru zodzichepetsa. Ndipo yang'anani, pambuyo pa mawu ochuluka, pambuyo pa malangizo ochuluka, pambuyo pa maulendo ochuluka, momwe iwo analiri opanda nzeru ndi chidwi. Ndipo moyenerera anawonjezera kuti: ndipo mtambo unamuphimba Iye ( Mac. 1:9 ), chifukwa nthawi ina mtambo unaphimba kachisi (malinga ndi Eks. 33:9-11 ).
Ndipo mu (buku la mneneri) Danieli akusonyeza masomphenya a Yehova pamtambo: Ndinayang’ana, anati, ndipo taonani, pamitambo ya kumwamba anadza monga Mwana wa munthu, anadza kwa Nkhalamba ya Kale. Masiku ( Dan. 7:13 ). Ndipo popeza adzabwera pamitambo ndi ulemerero (malinga ndi Machitidwe 1:11), kunali koyenera kuti iyenso akwere motere. Chiwonetserocho chinali chodabwitsa: munthu ananyamula mtambo, akuwuluka mumlengalenga ndi kufika ku mabwalo akumwamba, ndi kusiya miyamba pansi pa Iye yekha, ndipo atakhala pamwamba pa aserafi ndi Atate pa mpando wachifumu. Enoke anatengedwa, koma m’njira ina yosadziwika ( Aheb. 11:5 ); Eliya anakwera, koma pa gareta lamoto ndi akavalo amoto, zomwe ziri zizindikiro za zinthu zapadziko, osati (iye anakwera) pa mtambo (malinga ndi 4 Mafumu 2:11): chotero Eliya, monga kapolo, kupyolera mwa iyemwini anachitira chithunzi Kukwera kumwamba. wa Mbuye wake. Monga Mose, pomasulira anthu, anali chifaniziro cha Iye amene anatitulutsa mumdima ndi mumthunzi wa imfa (Masalmo 106:14). Chifukwa aneneri aumulungu sanalosere zonse za Kristu ndi mawu, komanso ndi zinthu zakuthupi. Ena mwa iwo okha anachitira chithunzi Iye. Chomwechonso chobvala cha Eliya, chimene chinagwera pa Elisa, chinachitira chithunzi kutsika kwa Mzimu pa atumwi; Iwo, atadziveka okha ndi mphamvu ya Mzimu, adadula kulakwitsa ndikuphimba chilengedwe chonse ndi ukonde wa uthenga wabwino. Tikhalenso gawo la cholowa chake, kuti tilandire madalitso osatha m’dzina la Khristu Yesu Ambuye wathu. Kwa Iye ndi kwa Atate, pamodzi ndi Mzimu Woyera, kukhale ulemerero, mphamvu, ulemerero ndi kupembedza, tsopano ndi nthawi za nthawi zosatha. Amene.
* Zindikirani za wolemba: Chithunzi chophiphiritsa cha Grigoriy Tsamblak sichidzasiya kukhala chimodzi mwamaziko a granite a chikhalidwe cha ku Bulgaria. Ndipo mwa njira yakeyake, kukhala mbali ya mbiri ya mayiko ena ambiri ndi anthu, komanso nthawi imene anakhala ndi kugwira ntchito. Mwa zochita zake zanzeru zapadziko lonse lapansi kuphatikiza luso lazolemba losatha, Tsamblak adawonetsa kuti amakonda nzeru zanzeru m'malo mwa tsankho, kukhala ndi mphamvu m'malo mwa maphunziro. ndi kuti mu ndale anali wowona kwambiri kuposa wanthanthi. Ndicho chifukwa chake, pokhudzana ndi ntchito yake, tidzapeza nthawi zonse njira ya moyo yosasiyanitsidwa ndi iye, yomwe amatsatira monga wolemba wofunika komanso katswiri wanzeru. Anali patsogolo pa nthawi yake, akumvetsetsa zatsopano za geopolitical ku Ulaya. Wobadwira ku likulu la Medieval Bulgaria - mzinda wa Tarnovo, wophunzira wa St. Patriarch Evtimii Tarnovski. Analandira maphunziro abwino kwambiri ku Constantinople, mu 1390 anavomereza chipembedzo cha monastic ndipo anakwera ku St. Mount Athos. Mu 1401, adatumizidwa ndi Mkulu wa Mabishopu a Constantinople ku Moldova, yemwe likulu lake adakhalabe kuti azitumikira ndikukhazikitsa ntchito yamphepo yamkuntho. Pofuna kulimbikitsa udindo wa Tchalitchi cha Orthodox m’chigawo cha Lithuania, mu 1415 anaikidwa ndi bungwe la mabishopu a ku Western Russia kukhala metropolitan wa Tchalitchi cha Moldavia, chomwe chinasiyana ndi Moscow; Chaka chotsatira anaikidwa kukhala Metropolitan woyamba wa Kyiv ndi Lithuania (1413-1420; kenako Metropolitan wa Moldo-Wallachia). Chifukwa cha zimenezi, iye anachotsedwa Constantinople ndi Moscow, koma nthawi zonse anakhalabe wokhulupirika ku Orthodoxy. Kwakanthawi kochepa adakhala abbot wa amonke a Dečani ku Serbia, ndipo kuyambira 1430 adasamukira ku Moldavia, komwe adagwira nawo gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakufalitsa zilembo zachi Romania komanso kulimbikitsa mphamvu zamabuku achipembedzo achi Slavic.
Pempho la kalonga wa Lithuania, adatenga nawo gawo mu Council of Constance (kuyambira 1414 mpaka 1418), pofuna kuthetsa mikangano imene amati ndi ya Apapa, koma anakana kusaina mgwirizanowu ndi Akatolika, zomwe zinali zochititsa manyazi tchalitchi cha Orthodox, m’malo mwa Lithuania. Ndi izi adatengera chidani cha kalonga ndikusiya madera ake. Posakhalitsa, Metropolitan Gregory anamwalira.
Wolemba maulaliki ambiri, miyoyo ndi mawu otamanda, omwe adakopera kudziko lonse la Orthodox kwa zaka mazana ambiri - kuchokera ku Moscow kupita ku Ohrid ndi Constantinople, chifukwa chake zitsanzo zambiri ndi makope awo asungidwa. Kuyambira kale m’zaka za m’ma 15, maulaliki ake anaphatikizidwa m’magulu a ziphunzitso za tchalitchi pamodzi ndi maulaliki a St.
