Zenit Bank yaku Russia ikukhulupirira kuti ili pachiwopsezo chotayika chifukwa cha ngongole yomwe idaperekedwa mu Okutobala 2021 pomwe idatenga nawo gawo - koma idasindikizidwa.
Khothi la ku Moscow laletsa banki yaku Switzerland ya UBS ndi Credit Suisse yomwe idapeza kuti ichotse magawo m'mabungwe awo aku Russia. Izi zikuwonetsedwa ndi zikalata za khoti lofalitsidwa pambuyo pa pempho la Russian "Zenit Bank", lomwe likuwopa kutayika ngati obwereketsa aku Swiss achoka ku Russia, Reuters inati.
Zenit Bank yapereka chikalata kukhoti kuti ikukhulupirira kuti mabungwe aku Russia a UBS ndi Credit Suisse akukonzekera kusiya ntchito zawo ku Russia. Izi zitha kuwulula banki yaku Russia kutayika komwe kungachitike chifukwa cha ngongole yomwe idaperekedwa mu Okutobala 2021.
Banki yaku Russia idalowa nawo mgwirizano wopereka ngongole ku kampani yazaulimi yaku Luxembourg ya Intergrain, yomwe Credit Suisse adakhala ngati wothandizira ngongole.
Mu Novembala 2021, Zenit Bank idasamutsa $20 miliyoni kupita ku Intergrain. Komabe, pambuyo pa zilango zakumadzulo zomwe zaperekedwa kubanki, "Credit Suisse" yadziwitsa kuti sichidzasamutsira malipiro okhudzana ndi ngongole ya "Intergrain".
Credit Suisse ndi UBS anakana kuyankhapo pankhaniyi atafunsidwa ndi Reuters.
Zikalata za khothi zikuwonetsanso kuti Zenith Bank idasumira pakanthawi kochepa, kupempha khoti kuti lilande ndalama za Credit Suisse ndi UBS, komanso kuletsa kugulitsa kwawo magawo.
Pempho la wobwereketsa wa ku Russia loti alandidwe ndalama silinakwaniritsidwe, ndipo gawo lotsatira la khoti liyenera kuchitika pa Seputembara 14.
Sabata yatha, khothi la Moscow lidalanda katundu ku Russia ku Goldman Sachs waku US, kuphatikiza gawo la 5 peresenti la World Children's World, wogulitsa zidole wamkulu kwambiri mdzikolo.
Pakadali pano, ruble yaku Russia yatsika kwambiri m'miyezi yaposachedwa, ndipo banki yayikulu yadzikolo yachitapo kanthu kuyesa kuthetsa vutoli, lipoti la Associated Press.
Pakalipano, akuluakulu a boma adasiya kuchitapo kanthu, chifukwa ruble yofooka yapindula ndi bajeti. Komabe, ndalama zofooka zimakhalanso ndi ngozi yokwera mitengo kwa anthu wamba, ndipo pomalizira pake boma likuchitapo kanthu pofuna kuthetsa vutoli.
The Associated Press ikufotokoza zinthu zofunika kuzidziwa zomwe zikuchitika ku ruble:
Zinthu zazikulu zachuma zimagwira ntchito, koma zinthu sizimathera pamenepo. Russia ikugulitsa zochepa kunja - makamaka kuwonetsa kuchepa kwa mafuta ndi gasi - ndikuitanitsa zina. Katundu akatumizidwa ku Russia, anthu kapena makampani ayenera kugulitsa ma ruble ndi ndalama zakunja monga dola kapena yuro, ndipo izi zimatsitsa ruble.
Zotsalira zamalonda za ku Russia (kutanthauza kuti zimagulitsa katundu wambiri ku mayiko ena kuposa momwe zimagulira) zatsika, ndipo zotsalira zamalonda zimakonda kuthandizira ndalama za dziko. Dziko la Russia linkachita malonda ochuluka chifukwa cha kukwera mtengo kwa mafuta komanso kugwa kwa katundu wochokera kunja pambuyo pa nkhondo ya Ukraine. Komabe, mitengo yamafuta amafuta yatsika chaka chino, ndipo dziko la Russia nalonso likuvutika kuti ligulitse mafuta ake chifukwa cha zilango za azungu, kuphatikizapo kutsika kwamitengo yamafuta osakanizidwa ndi mafuta amafuta monga dizilo.
"Kuchepa kwambiri kwa ndalama zakunja chifukwa cha kutsika kwa katundu wakunja ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri" pakutsika kwa ruble, malinga ndi Kyiv School of Economics.
Pakadali pano, pafupifupi chaka ndi theka nkhondo itayamba, katundu waku Russia wayamba kuyambiranso pomwe aku Russia akupeza njira zozungulira. Malonda ena amapatutsidwa kudzera m'maiko aku Asia omwe sanagwirizane nawo. Ogulitsa kunja, kumbali ina, amapeza njira zonyamulira katundu kudzera m'mayiko oyandikana nawo monga Armenia, Georgia ndi Kazakhstan.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, Russia yawonjezera ndalama zake zotetezera, mwachitsanzo mwa kutsanulira ndalama m'makampani omwe amapanga zida. Makampani amayenera kuitanitsa zida ndi zipangizo kuchokera kunja, ndipo ndalama zina za boma zimalowa m'matumba a ogwira ntchito, makamaka chifukwa dziko likukumana ndi vuto la kusowa kwa ogwira ntchito. Kuwononga ndalama kwa boma lokha, komanso kufunitsitsa kwa India ndi China kugula mafuta aku Russia, zikuthandizira chuma cha dzikolo kuchita bwino kuposa momwe ambiri amayembekezera. Bungwe la International Monetary Fund linanena mwezi watha kuti chuma cha Russia chidzakula ndi 1.5 peresenti chaka chino.
Ruble yocheperako imapangitsa kukwera kwa inflation kuipiraipira chifukwa kumapangitsa kuti katundu wakunja akhale wokwera mtengo. Ndipo kufooka kwa ruble kumapitilizidwa kwambiri kwa anthu kudzera mumitengo yomwe amalipira. M’miyezi itatu yapitayi, kukwera kwa mitengo kwafika pa 7.6 peresenti, ngakhale kuti banki yaikulu inali ndi 4 peresenti.
Chiwongola dzanja chokwera chidzapangitsa kuti kubwereketsa kukhale kokwera mtengo kwambiri ndipo izi ziyenera kuchepetsa kufunikira kwa katundu wapakhomo, kuphatikizapo kuchokera kunja. Kotero Russian Central Bank (RBC) ikuyesera kuziziritsa chuma chapakhomo kuti chichepetse kukwera kwa inflation. Bankiyi idakweza chiwongola dzanja chake kuchokera pa 8.5 peresenti mpaka 12 peresenti pamsonkhano wadzidzidzi dzulo pambuyo pa kutsika kwa ruble komwe kunatsutsidwa ndi mlangizi wazachuma ku Kremlin.
Zogulitsa kunja kwa Russia zatsika chifukwa ogwirizana a Kumadzulo adanyanyala mafuta aku Russia ndikuyika mtengo wake pazakudya zake kumayiko ena. Zilango zimalepheretsa makampani a inshuwaransi kapena katundu (omwe ambiri amakhala kumayiko akumadzulo) kuti asagwire ntchito ndi mapangano amafuta aku Russia kuposa $60 mbiya.
Chipewa ndi kunyanyala, zomwe zinaperekedwa chaka chatha, zakakamiza Russia kuti igulitse pamtengo wotsika komanso kutenga njira zodula monga kugula gulu la "ma tanker" omwe ali kunja kwa chilango. Russia idayimitsanso kugulitsa gasi wambiri ku Europe, kasitomala wake wamkulu.
Ndalama zamafuta zidachepa ndi 23 peresenti mu theka loyamba la chaka, koma Moscow imalandirabe ma dinar 425 miliyoni patsiku kuchokera kugulitsa mafuta, malinga ndi Kyiv School of Economics.
Komabe, mitengo yapamwamba yamafuta yatumiza posachedwa zinthu zaku Russia pamwamba pa mtengo wamtengo wapatali, International Energy Agency (IEA) idatero mu lipoti lake la Ogasiti.
Kuyambiranso kwa zogulitsa kunja kukuwonetsa kuti Russia ikupeza njira zopewera zilango ndi kunyanyala. Zakhala zodula komanso zovuta, koma ngati wina akufuna iPhone kapena galimoto yakumadzulo, angapeze imodzi. Chifukwa chake kuchepa kwa ruble ndi chifukwa cha zilango, zoyesayesa zopambana zolepheretsa zotsatira zake komanso zoyeserera zankhondo zaku Moscow.
"Kutsika mtengo kwa ruble kukuwonetsa zotsatira za zilango, koma sikunena za mavuto azachuma," atero a Chris Wafer, CEO wa Macro Advisory Partners.
Ndipotu kuchepa kwa mtengo wa ruble kwathandiza boma m’njira zina zofunika kwambiri.
Kusinthana kochepa kumatanthauza ma ruble ochulukirapo pa dola iliyonse yomwe Moscow imalandira kuchokera ku malonda amafuta ndi zinthu zina. Izi zimawonjezera ndalama zomwe boma lingagwiritse ntchito pachitetezo ndi mapulogalamu a chikhalidwe cha anthu pofuna kuchepetsa zotsatira za chilango kwa anthu a ku Russia.
"Zomwe banki yayikulu ndi unduna wa zachuma zachita m'miyezi ingapo yapitayi ndikuyesa kuchepetsa kutsika kwa mtengo wamafuta amafuta ndi ruble yocheperako kotero kuti kuchepa kwa momwe ndalama zikugwiritsidwira ntchito kumakhalapo komanso kuti Wafer wokhoza kuwongolera akuwonetsa. .
Pakati pa zilango ndi zoletsa kuchotsa ndalama kunja kwa dziko, ndalama zosinthira ruble zili m'manja mwa banki yapakati, yomwe imatha kulangiza ogulitsa katundu wamkulu kuti asinthe ndalama zawo za dollar ku ruble la Russia.
Pamene ruble inadutsa malire a ruble 100 pa dola, Kremlin ndi Central Bank anajambula mzerewu.
"Zofooka zidakonzedwa, koma zidapita patali kwambiri ndipo akufuna kubwezeretsa zinthu," adawonjezera Wafer, yemwe adati ruble idzagulitsa pakati pa 90-ruble-to-dollar range mu miyezi ikubwerayi, pafupifupi. kumene boma likufuna.
Kutsika kwamitengo komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha kutsika kwa ruble kwakhudza anthu osauka kwambiri kuposa ena chifukwa amawononga ndalama zawo zambiri pazinthu zofunika monga chakudya.
Kupita kumayiko ena - komwe kumasangalatsidwa kwambiri ndi anthu ochepa okhala m'mizinda yotukuka monga Moscow ndi St Petersburg - akukhala okwera mtengo kwambiri chifukwa cha ruble yofooka.
Mulimonsemo, kukwiyitsa anthu kwachepa chifukwa cha miyeso yomwe akuluakulu aboma amadzudzula "ntchito" yankhondo, kuphatikiza kuwopseza kumangidwa.
Chithunzi chojambulidwa ndi Pixabay: https://www.pexels.com/photo/bank-banknotes-bills-business-210705/
