Lalish, mudzi wawung'ono wamapiri ku Kurdistan wokhala ndi anthu 25 yokha, ndi malo opatulika kwambiri padziko lapansi kwa anthu a Yazidi. Ndi kwa Yazidis zomwe Mecca ili kwa Asilamu. Chipembedzo cha Yazidi chimadziwika kuti ndi chobisika, ndipo Lalish ndi malo oyendayenda a Yazidis ochokera padziko lonse lapansi.
Kodi Yazidis ndi ndani?
A Yazidis ndi gulu lachipembedzo laling'ono lachi Kurd lomwe mamembala ake akhala akuthawa kuyambira koyambirira kwa Ogasiti, obalalika ndi zigawenga za Islamic State (IS) kupita ku Sinjar, tawuni yayikulu ya Yazidi kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Iraq, ndi madera ake. Yazidis amadziwika ndi Akhristu ambiri ndi Asilamu ngati olambira satana ndipo nthawi zambiri amazunzidwa. Gululi likutsatira ziphunzitso za Sheik Adi, munthu woyera yemwe adamwalira mu 1162, ndipo tchalitchi chake chili m'chigwa cha Lalish Valley, pafupifupi makilomita 15 kummawa kwa Mosul. Miyala yokongola ya pakachisipo, yolira bwino, imayenda pamwamba pa mitengoyo ndi kulamulira chigwachochondecho. Yazidis saloledwa kuvulaza zomera kapena nyama m'chigwa, ndipo oyendayenda amasambitsidwa mwaulemu m'mitsinje mu miyambo yoyeretsa asanapite ku kachisi.
Chikhulupiriro cha Yazidi ndi chipembedzo cha syncretic chomwe chimaphatikiza zinthu za Zoroastrianism, Chisilamu, Chikhristu, ndi Chiyuda. Yazidis amakhulupirira Mulungu m'modzi yemwe adalenga dziko lapansi ndikulipereka kwa angelo asanu ndi awiri, ofunikira kwambiri omwe ndi Melek Taus, Mngelo wa Peacock. A Yazidis amakhulupirira kuti Melek Taus anakana kugwadira Adamu, munthu woyamba, ndipo Mulungu anamuthamangitsa kumwamba. Yazidis amakhulupirira kuti Melek Taus analapa ndipo anakhululukidwa ndi Mulungu, ndipo tsopano ndi mkhalapakati pakati pa Mulungu ndi anthu.
Lalish: Malo Opatulika
Lalish ndi akachisi ake ali pafupi Zaka 4,000. Kachisi wake wamkulu adamangidwa ndi anthu akale a ku Sumeri ndi zikhalidwe zina zoyambirira za ku Mesopotamiya. Mu 1162, kachisiyo adakhala manda a Sheikh Adi Ibn Musafir, omwe a Yazidis amamuona kuti ndi "mngelo wa pikoko" - m'modzi mwa zolengedwa zisanu ndi ziwiri zopatulika zomwe Mulungu adapatsa dziko lapansi atalenga. Nyumba yakachisi ndi malo opatulika kwambiri padziko lapansi a Yazidis.
Mukapita ku Lalish, munthu amatha kumva chisangalalo komanso chisangalalo mumlengalenga. Kuseka kwa ana kumayandama m'mitengo, mabanja amapita kumapiri pamwamba pa mapiri, ndipo anthu amayenda mopanda changu. A Yazidis amakhulupirira kuti Lalish ndi kumene Chingalawa cha Nowa chinagunda pamtunda pambuyo pa chigumula ndipo chimakhala m'dera lomwe amakhulupirira kuti linali munda wa Edeni.
Mkhalidwe Wapano
Mu 2011, kachisi wamapiri a Lalish anali malo abwino kwambiri, ndi amuna okalamba atakhala padzuwa popemphera ndi kukambirana, amayi ndi ana akugwiritsa ntchito mapazi awo opanda kanthu kuti aphwanye azitona kuti agwiritse ntchito mafuta m'mitsuko yakale ya miyala, ndi kachisi wakale yemwe amakhala pamwamba pa nyanja. malo oyera ozunguliridwa ndi mabwalo amithunzi. Komabe, zinthu zasintha kwambiri kuyambira nthawi imeneyo. A Yazidis ali mu ukapolo kudziko lakwawo lauzimu ku Iraq, zomwe zimasokoneza chikhalidwe chawo chakale. Zinthu nzoipa kwambiri, ndipo anthu akuopa kwambiri Lalish. Mabanja ambiri omwe ali pano ali pachiwopsezo ndipo atha kuyesa kuthawa ISIS ikupita patsogolo.
Kuzunzidwa kwa Yazidis
A Yazidis akhala akuzunzidwa kwa zaka mazana ambiri, ndipo chipembedzo chawo sichinamvetsetsedwe ndi kufotokozedwa molakwika ndi ambiri. Mu Ogasiti 2014, Islamic State (IS) idaukira gulu la Yazidi ku Sinjar, kupha ndikusandutsa anthu masauzande ambiri akapolo. A Yazidis adayang'aniridwa chifukwa adawonedwa ngati osakhulupirira komanso opembedza mdierekezi ndi zigawenga za IS. Ankhondo a IS adawononganso Yazidi makachisi ndi akachisi, kuphatikizapo kachisi wa Lalish.
Kuzunzidwa kwa Yazidis kwatsutsidwa ndi anthu apadziko lonse lapansi, ndipo khama lapangidwa kuti lipereke thandizo ndi chithandizo kwa othawa kwawo a Yazidi. Komabe, zinthu zidakali zovuta kwa a Yazidis ambiri, omwe achotsedwa m'nyumba zawo ndikukakamizika kukhala m'misasa ya anthu othawa kwawo.
Tsogolo la Lalish
Ngakhale kuwonongedwa kwa kachisi wa Lalish ndi zigawenga za IS, anthu a Yazidi amakhalabe odzipereka ku chikhulupiriro chawo komanso malo awo opatulika. Ntchito yomanganso kachisiyo ndi kukonzanso tiakachisi ndi akachisi amene anawonongedwa akuchitika. A Yazidis akugwiranso ntchito kuti asunge chikhalidwe chawo chakale ndi miyambo yawo, zomwe zaopsezedwa ndi chiwawa ndi kuzunza iwo anakumana nazo.
Tsogolo la anthu a Lalish ndi a Yazidi silikudziwika, koma kulimba mtima ndi kutsimikiza mtima kwa Yazidis kumapereka chiyembekezo chakuti adzatha kuthana ndi mavuto omwe akukumana nawo. Lalish nthawi zonse adzakhala mtima wa chikhulupiriro cha Yazidi, malo oyendayenda ndi chizindikiro cha chiyembekezo ndi kupirira kwa anthu a Yazidi.
Mapeto Ndikufuna kumaliza ndi kufotokoza mwachidule kuti Lalish ndi malo opatulika a anthu a Yazidi, ndipo ndi malo oyendayenda a Yazidis ochokera padziko lonse lapansi. Zomwe zikuchitika ku Iraq zapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti a Yazidis apite ku Lalish, ndipo ambiri ali mu ukapolo kudziko lakwawo lauzimu. Ngakhale izi, Lalish amakhalabe chizindikiro cha chiyembekezo ndi chikhulupiriro kwa anthu a Yazidi. Kuzunzidwa kwa Yazidis kwatsutsidwa ndi anthu apadziko lonse lapansi, ndipo khama lakhala likupereka thandizo ndi chithandizo kwa othawa kwawo a Yazidi. Tsogolo la anthu a Lalish ndi a Yazidi silikudziwika, koma kulimba mtima ndi kutsimikiza mtima kwa Yazidis kumapereka chiyembekezo kuti adzatha kuthana ndi mavuto omwe akukumana nawo.
