Zitsime zakumwamba, zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti "mitsinje ya mpweya," zimakhala ngati njira yolowera mpweya komanso zimapereka mthunzi kuchokera kudzuwa!
Kuwona nyumba zazikuluzikulu zokhalamo, zomwe zimakhala ndi anthu ambiri ku China, ndizodabwitsa.
Pongoyang'ana nyumba zazikuluzikulu za konkire ndikulingalira zikwi za anthu okhala m'malo otsekeka, munthu amatha kumva kutentha kwambiri komanso claustrophobic.
Uku ndi maonekedwe amasiku ano a mizinda ikuluikulu ya dzikolo. Komabe, zaka mazana ambiri zapitazo, pamene moyo unali wosiyana kotheratu, Achitchaina anali ndi njira yawoyawo yomangira nyumba zosawononga chilengedwe.
Mbali imodzi ya njira imeneyi inali kuphatikizika kwa zitsime zakumwamba m’nyumba, zofanana ndi mabwalo kapena mabwalo opezeka m’madera akum’mwera kwa Spain. Awa ndi mabwalo ang'onoang'ono, nthawi zina amakhala ndi madzi, opangidwa kuti aziziziritsa.
Nyumba zachikhalidwe kumwera ndi kum'maŵa kwa China nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi chikhalidwe chotchedwa "chitsime chakumwamba." Mosiyana ndi kamangidwe ka bwalo kamene kamaoneka m’madera ena a dzikolo, kamangidwe kameneka n’kang’ono, kopapatiza, ndiponso kamene kamaoneka kosaoneka bwino kumadera akunja. Kumtunda kwa nyumbayo kumapangidwa ndi madenga aatali, ndipo kamangidwe kameneka kanali kofala m'nthawi ya mafumu a Ming ndi Qing kuyambira zaka za m'ma 14 mpaka 20. Mbali yaikulu ya nyumbazi ndi bwalo laling'ono la makona anayi pakati, ndi zipinda zozungulira mbali zonse. Madenga a nyumbayi ndi malire a bwaloli.
Chimodzi mwa zolinga zazikulu za kamangidwe kameneka chinali kusunga kutentha kochepa. Mphepo ikawomba pamwamba pa nyumbayo, inkaloŵa pakhomo la bwalolo n’kupanga mpweya umene umatulutsa mpweya wotenthawo. Mpweya umenewu umatuluka m’chitsimecho. Kuonjezera apo, mapangidwewo amalola kuti mpweya wabwino ukhale wabwino komanso kusonkhanitsa madzi amvula. Chitsimechi chinkakhalanso ngati malo osinthira pakati pa m'nyumba ndi kunja ndipo chinkakhala ngati chotchingira kutentha. Zinali zogwira mtima kwambiri zikadzadzazidwa ndi madzi, popeza kuti kutuluka kwa madzi kunkaziziritsa mpweya. Madzi a mvula ankatungidwa m’chitsimecho kudzera m’mitsinje yoikidwa padenga.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, pakhala chitsitsimutso cha chidwi cha zomangamanga zaku China, kuphatikiza nyumba zokhala ndi zitsime zakuthambo. Anthu akuona ubwino wa mapangidwe amenewa, ndipo nyumba zina zikukonzedwanso kapena kumangidwa kumene kuti zikhale ndi zitsime zakumwamba. Kubwereranso ku njira zakalezi kumagwirizananso ndi ndondomeko ya boma yolimbikitsa kumanga kobiriwira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi. Akatswiri omanga nyumba tsopano akuphatikiza mfundo za zitsime zakuthambo m'nyumba zatsopano kuti apititse patsogolo mpweya wabwino komanso kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi.
Ngakhale kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zitsime zakumwamba muzomangamanga zamakono kumawoneka m'nyumba monga National Heavy Vehicle Engineering Technology Center, kutsitsimutsa njirazi sikuli kopanda mavuto. Maonekedwe ndi kukula kwa zitsime zachikhalidwe zimasiyana malinga ndi malo enieni ndi nyengo, kotero kufufuza ndi njira yokhazikika ndizofunikira kuti zitheke bwino lero. Komabe, kuwonjezera pa mapindu ake enieni, chikhumbo chogwirizana ndi mabwalo ameneŵa chimachokeranso m’lingaliro la mgwirizano ndi kulankhulana kumene anakulitsa pakati pa mabanja.
Chithunzi chojambulidwa ndi Maria Orlova: https://www.pexels.com/photo/tropical-resort-spa-with-moroccan-bath-pool-4916534/
