Mamembala XNUMX a madera omwe akhudzidwa ndi ntchito yayikulu yamafuta a TotalEnergies ku East Africa apereka mlandu watsopano ku France motsutsana ndi kampani yamafuta aku France yomwe ikufuna kubweza chifukwa chophwanya ufulu wa anthu.
Maderawo asumira limodzi chimphona chamafuta pamodzi ndi woteteza ufulu wachibadwidwe a Maxwell Atuhura, ndi mabungwe asanu aku France ndi Uganda (CSOs).
Pa mlanduwu, anthu a m’maderawa akufuna kulipidwa chifukwa chophwanya ufulu wachibadwidwe wokhudzana ndi ntchito yokumba mafuta ya Tilenga ndi EACOP.
Pomwe mlandu woyamba womwe udaperekedwa mu 2019 udafuna kuletsa kuphwanya koteroko, kampaniyo idayimbidwa mlandu wolephera kutsatira Ntchito Yake Yoyang'anira, zomwe zidavulaza odandaula, makamaka pankhani ya malo awo ndi chakudya.
Chifukwa chake odandaulawo apempha khoti kuti ligamule kampaniyo kuti ipereke chipukuta misozi kwa anthu omwe akhudzidwa.
Ma CSOs, AFIEGO, Friends of the Earth France, NAPE/Friends of the Earth Uganda, Survie ndi TASHA Research Institute, komanso Atuhura, akufuna chipukuta misozi kuchokera ku TotalEnergies potengera njira yachiwiri yovomerezeka yalamulo la France pa Duty of Kukhala maso.
Lamulo la ku France la Corporate Duty of Vigilance (Loi de Vigilance) limafuna kuti mabungwe akuluakulu mdziko muno azitha kuyendetsa bwino ufulu wawo wachibadwidwe komanso kuwopsa kwa chilengedwe, mkati mwa kampaniyo, komanso mkati mwa mabungwe, ma subcontractors ndi ogulitsa.
Mu 2017, dziko la France linali dziko loyamba padziko lonse lapansi kukhazikitsa lamulo lokakamiza makampani akuluakulu kuchita zaufulu wa anthu komanso kusamala zachilengedwe (HREDD) ndikusindikiza Mapulani a Vigilance pachaka.
Lamuloli, lomwe limadziwika kuti The French Corporate Duty of Vigilance Law, kapena The French Loi de Vigilance, lidakhazikitsidwa kuti liwonetsetse kuti makampani amatenga njira zofunikira kuti azindikire ndikuletsa kuphwanya ufulu wachibadwidwe ndi chilengedwe pamaketani awo ogulitsa.
Lamuloli limafuna kuti makampani azitsatira ngati akhazikitsidwa ku France. Kumapeto kwa zaka ziwiri zotsatizana zachuma, makampani amalamulidwa ndi lamulo kuti alembe antchito osachepera 5000 pakampaniyo ndi mabungwe ake aku France.
Ayeneranso kukhala ndi antchito osachepera 10000 pamalipiro a kampani ndi mabungwe ake ku France ndi mayiko ena.
Mkulu wa bungwe la AFIEGO, Dickens Kamugisha, wati zinthu zopanda chilungamo zomwe zimachitikira anthu a ku Tilenga ndi EACOP pafupifupi mlungu uliwonse ndi monga kulipidwa pang’ono, kuchedwetsedwa kwa chipukuta misozi pomanga nyumba zing’onozing’ono zosayenera zomwe sizinali zoyenera kumangidwa kwa mabanja omwe akhudzidwa.
Zina zophwanya malamulo ndi monga achinyamata kukakamizidwa kukhala mamita ochepa kuchokera ku EACOP. “Kupanda chilungamo kwachuluka kwambiri ndipo kwabweretsa chisoni chenicheni. Tikukhulupirira kuti bwalo lamilandu la Paris litero
lamulirani mu TotalEnergies ndikupereka chilungamo kwa anthu,” akutero Kamugisha.
Pamlandu waposachedwa, womwe waperekedwa ku Paris Civil Court, anthu apempha khotilo kuti liimbe mlandu wa TotalEnergies komanso kulipira chipukuta misozi chifukwa chophwanya ufulu wachibadwidwe wa anthu omwe akhudzidwa ndi Tilenga ndi madera ena omwe akhudzidwa ndi EACOP mdera la Uganda mzaka 6 zapitazi. .
Maitanidwewo akuwonetsa bwino mgwirizano womwe ulipo pakati pa kulephera kulongosola bwino ndikugwiritsa ntchito TotalEnergies 'Vigilance Plan, "ndipo kuwonongeka komwe kudachitika."
Maderawo amadzudzula TotalEnergies chifukwa cholephera kuzindikira zoopsa zomwe zingachitike ndi projekiti yake yayikulu ndikuchitapo kanthu atadziwitsidwa za kukhalapo kwawo, komanso sinagwiritse ntchito njira zowongolera kuphwanya ufulu wachibadwidwe kunachitika. Palibe njira zokhuza kusamuka kwa anthu, mwayi wokhala ndi moyo wocheperako kapena kuwopseza omenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe zomwe zikuwonekera mu mapulani owonetsetsa a TotalEnergies '2018-2023.
Maxwell Atuhura, mkulu wa TASHA akuti: "Takhala tikulankhulana ndi anthu omwe akhudzidwa komanso omenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe wa chilengedwe akuwopsezedwa ndikuzunzidwa m'madera awo, kuphatikizapo ineyo, chifukwa cha ntchito za mafuta a Total ku Uganda. Tsopano ife tikuti zokwanira tiyenera kuteteza mwamtheradi ufulu wa kulankhula ndi maganizo. Mawu athu amafunikira tsogolo labwino. ”
Komabe zoopsazi zikanadziwikiratu pasadakhale, popeza kampaniyo idasankha kupeza mapulojekiti ochotsa anthu ambiri m'maiko omwe ufulu wachibadwidwe umaphwanyidwa.
Frank Muramuzi, Mkulu wa NAPE akuti: "Ndi zamanyazi kuti makampani amafuta akunja akupitiliza kupanga phindu lambiri pomwe madera aku Uganda omwe ali ndi mafuta akuvutitsidwa, kuthamangitsidwa, kulipidwa movutikira komanso umphawi wadzaoneni m'malo awo."
Ndipo mosiyana ndi zomwe a TotalEnergies adanena kuti ntchito zake zamafuta mabiliyoni ambiri zidathandizira kwambiri chitukuko cha madera amderalo, zakhala zowopsa ku tsogolo la mabanja osauka.
Pauline Tétillon, pulezidenti wa bungwe la Survie, anati: Kampaniyo yangoopseza tsogolo la anthu masauzande ambiri m'dziko limene zionetsero zilizonse zimaletsedwa kapena kuponderezedwa. Ngakhale kuti Lamulo la Kusamala Limakakamiza madera kuti amenyane ndi David ndi Goliati powapangitsa kukhala ndi umboni, amawapatsa mwayi wofunafuna chilungamo ku France ndipo pamapeto pake akuwatsutsa Total chifukwa chophwanya ufulu wa anthu mobwerezabwereza. "
Cholinga cha lamuloli ndikuletsa kuzunzidwa kwamakampani pokakamiza makampani kuti akhazikitse njira zogwirira ntchito tcheru pokhazikitsa, kukhazikitsa ndi kufalitsa Ndondomeko Yoyang'anira Mogwirizana ndi ndondomeko ya UN yoona za ufulu wa anthu.
The Vigilance Plan iyenera kufotokoza zomwe kampani yachita kuti izindikire ndikupewa kuphwanya ufulu wa anthu ndi chilengedwe chokhudzana ndi zomwe kampani ikuchita. Zochitazi zikuphatikiza zomwe kampani imachita za mabungwe omwe ali mgululi ndi othandizira ndi ma subcontractors omwe amalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi kampani kudzera muubwenzi/mgwirizano wawo wamalonda.
The Vigilance Plan imaphatikizapo kupanga mapu owopsa, kuzindikira, kusanthula ndi kusanja zoopsa zomwe zingachitike komanso njira zomwe zakhazikitsidwa kuti zithetse, kuchepetsa ndi kupewa zoopsa ndi zophwanya malamulo.
Kampaniyo ikuyenera kufotokoza njira zomwe zimatsatiridwa powunika nthawi ndi nthawi mabungwe akampani, ma subcontractors ndi ma supplier akutsatira komanso njira yodziwira zoopsa zomwe zilipo kapena zomwe zingachitike mogwirizana ndi mabungwe ogwira ntchito.
Ngati kampani yomwe ili ndi malamulo ikalephera kutsatira, mwachitsanzo, ikalephera kukhazikitsa ndi kufalitsa Mapulani a Vigilance Plan, aliyense wokhudzidwa, kuphatikiza omwe akuzunzidwa ndi kampani, atha kudandaula kudera lomwe likuyenera.
Kampani yomwe ikalephera kufalitsa mapulani ikhoza kulipitsidwa mpaka 10 miliyoni EUR yomwe ingakwere mpaka 30 Miliyoni EUR ngati kusachitapo kanthu kumabweretsa chiwonongeko chomwe chikanalephereka.
Kukula kwa kuphwanya malamulo okhudzana ndi ntchito za Tilenga ndi EACOP kwalembedwa ndi anthu osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza magulu a mabungwe a anthu ndi a UN Special Rapporteurs.
Anthu omwe anakhudzidwa ndi mapulojekiti a Tilenga ndi EACOP adalandidwa malo awo mwaulere ngakhale asanalandire chipukuta misozi, pakati pa zaka zitatu kapena zinayi, mophwanya ufulu wawo wa katundu.
Juliette Renaud, wochita kampeni wamkulu wa Friends of the Earth France akuti mapulojekiti a TotaEnergies Tilenga ndi EACOP "akhala chizindikiro padziko lonse lapansi cha kuwonongeka kwa mafuta paufulu wa anthu komanso chilengedwe.
Madera omwe akhudzidwa akuyenera kupeza chilungamo chifukwa cha kuphwanya kwa Total! Nkhondo yatsopanoyi ndi nkhondo ya iwo omwe miyoyo yawo ndi ufulu wawo zaponderezedwa ndi Total. "
"Tikupereka moni kwa anthu a m'madera omwe akhudzidwa chifukwa cha kulimba mtima kwawo polimbana ndi bungwe lamphamvu padziko lonseli ngakhale akukumana ndi ziwopsezo, ndipo tikupempha bungwe lazachilungamo ku France kuti likonze zomwe zawonongekazi kuti athetse vuto la Total."
Madera nawonso adavutika ndi njala yowopsa chifukwa mamembala adasowa zofunika pamoyo wawo, zomwe zidapangitsa kuphwanya ufulu wa chakudya chokwanira.
Mafamu a m’midzi ina akhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kusefukira kwa madzi komwe kunabwera chifukwa cha ntchito yomanga malo a Tilenga Central Processing Facility (CPF) pomwe anthu owerengeka okha ndi omwe adapindula ndi chipukuta misozi, kuphatikiza malo ndi malo » mwachitsanzo nyumba ndi malo, pomwe ena. , malipiro a ndalama anali osakwanira kwenikweni.
Anthu ambiri akumidzi akuti akuwopsezedwa, kuzunzidwa kapena kumangidwa chifukwa chotsutsa ntchito zamafuta ku Uganda ndi Tanzania komanso kuteteza ufulu wa anthu omwe akhudzidwa.
Friends of the Earth France ndi Survie angotulutsa lipoti latsopano lokhudza projekiti ya TotalEnergie ya EACOP. "EACOP, tsoka lomwe likuchitika" ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku wovuta kwambiri wa polojekiti yayikulu ya mapaipi amafuta a Total ku Tanzania.
Maumboni atsopano ochokera m'mabanja akuwonetsa kuphwanya ufulu wa anthu ndi chimphona chamafuta ku France ku Uganda. "Kuyambira m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Victoria kupita ku nyanja ya Indian Ocean, m'madera onse omwe akhudzidwa ndi bombali, anthu omwe akhudzidwa ndi vutoli akuwonetsa kuti alibe mphamvu komanso akusowa chilungamo poyang'anizana ndi machitidwe a opanga mafuta, omwe akuphwanyira ufulu wawo wofunikira," adatero. Akutero Kamugisha.
Kuyambira pomwe dziko la France lidakhazikitsa lamulo lawo la HREDD, maboma omwe akutenga malamulo okhudza ufulu wachibadwidwe komanso kusamala zachilengedwe akwera kwambiri, makamaka ku Europe.
European Commission idalengeza mu 2021 kuti itengera chitsogozo chawo pamakampani onse omwe akugwira ntchito mkati mwa EU omwe akuyembekezeka kukhazikitsidwa mu 2024.
