Padziko lonse pali mitundu yoposa 11,000 ya mbalame ndipo imodzi yokha ndi yopanda mchira. Kodi mukudziwa kuti iye ndi ndani?
kiwi
Dzina lachilatini la mbalameyi ndi Apteryx, lomwe limatanthauza "wopanda mapiko". Mawuwa amachokera ku Chigriki chakale, pomwe chilembo choyamba "a" chimatanthauza "kusowa" ndipo mawu ena onse amatanthauza "mapiko". Dzina lakuti "kiwi" limachokera ku chinenero cha Maori, kumene mbalameyi inachokera.
Kiwi ndi mtundu wokhawo m'banja la Lepidoptera mwa dongosolo la Kiwipodidae. Amagawidwa kudera la New Zealand kokha. Mtunduwu uli ndi mitundu isanu yamitundu yonse yomwe ili pachiwopsezo cha kutha. Ngakhale amatcha kiwi "mbalame yopanda mapiko", izi siziri choncho. Mapiko a kiwi sasowa konse, koma adazolowera moyo wapadziko lapansi. Kiwi ili ndi mawonekedwe a nthenga zake, tsitsi lawo limalumikizidwa ndi "mbewa" ndikuyimira mawonekedwe ovuta omwe amalola mbalame kuwuluka kapena kusambira, kusunga mphamvu zake momwe zingathere.
Kiwi ali pangozi
Padziko lapansi pali mbalame pafupifupi 68,000 za kiwi. Chaka chilichonse chiwerengero chawo chimachepa ndi pafupifupi 2% pachaka. Chifukwa chake, New Zealand idatengera dongosolo lowonjezera kuchuluka kwa mitundu iyi yomwe imakhala m'gawo lake. Mu 2017, boma la New Zealand lidatengera Kiwi Recovery Plan 2017-2027, cholinga chake ndikuwonjezera chiwerengero cha mbalame kufika 100,000 mzaka 15. M’dzikoli mbalamezi zimaonedwa ngati chizindikiro cha dziko.
Kodi mbalame ya kiwi imawoneka bwanji?
Kiwi ndi kukula kwa nkhuku yoweta, imatha kutalika mpaka 65 cm, kutalika kwa 45 cm. Kulemera kwawo kumasiyana 1 mpaka 9 kg, ndi mbalame pafupifupi 3 kg. Kiwi ali ndi thupi looneka ngati peyala ndi mutu waung'ono wokhala ndi khosi lalikulu. Maso a mbalame nawonso ndi aang’ono, osapitirira 8 mm m’mimba mwake. Komanso, kiwi ali ndi maso osauka kuposa mbalame zonse. Mlomo wa kiwi ndi wachindunji - wautali kwambiri, woonda komanso womvera. Mwa amuna, imafika mpaka 105 mm, ndipo mwa akazi - mpaka 120 mm. Kiwi ndi mbalame yokhayo imene mphuno zake sizili pansi, koma kunsonga kwa mlomo.
Mapiko a Kiwi ndi opumira ndipo amatalika pafupifupi 5 cm. Kumapeto kwa mapiko ali ndi chikhadabo chaching'ono ndipo amabisika pansi pa ubweya wandiweyani. Kumapazi, mbalameyi ili ndi zala zitatu kutsogolo ndi chimodzi chotembenuzidwa chammbuyo, monga zamoyo zina zonse. Zala zimatha ndi zikhadabo zakuthwa. Kiwi imathamanga mofulumira kwambiri, ngakhale mofulumira kuposa munthu.
Chithunzi: Smithsonian's National Zoo ndi Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC
