Mu 2022, ana onse a 2,496, ena azaka zapakati pa 8, adatsimikiziridwa ndi bungwe la United Nations kuti amangidwa chifukwa chogwirizana ndi magulu ankhondo, kuphatikizapo magulu otchedwa zigawenga ndi UN Chiwerengero chachikulu kwambiri chinalembedwa. ku Iraq, ku West Bank yomwe idalandidwa, kuphatikiza East Jerusalem, ndi Syrian Arab Republic.
Ziwerengerozi zidawonetsedwa ndi Anne Schintgen ku Nyumba Yamalamulo ku Europe pamsonkhano wotchedwa "Ana Olandidwa Ufulu Padziko Lonse" womwe unakonzedwa pa 28 November ndi MEP Soraya Rodriguez Ramos (Political Group Sinthani Europe). Akatswiri angapo apamwamba adaitanidwa ngati otsogolera kuti alankhule za ukadaulo wawo:
Manfred Nowak, yemwe kale anali Mtolankhani Wapadera wa UN pa Chizunzo komanso katswiri wodziimira payekha yemwe anatsogolera kulongosola kwa UN Global Study on Children Deprived of Liberty;
Benoit van Keirsbilck, membala wa Komiti ya UN ya Ufulu wa Mwana;
Manu Krishan, Global Campus on Human Rights, wofufuza yemwe ali ndi luso laufulu wa ana ndi machitidwe abwino;
Anne Schintgen, Mtsogoleri wa European Liaison Office of the Special Representative wa UN Secretary-General for Children and Armed Conflict;
Rasha Muhrez, Syria Response Director for Save the Children (pa intaneti);
Marta Lorenzo, Mtsogoleri wa UNRWA Representative Office for Europe (United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees ku Near East).
Lipoti la UN lokhudza ana omwe ali munkhondo
Manfred Nowak, yemwe kale anali Mtolankhani Wapadera wa UN pa Chizunzo komanso katswiri wodziimira yekha yemwe anatsogolera kulongosola kwa bungwe la UN Global Study on Children Deprived of Liberty, anaitanidwa kumsonkhano ku Nyumba Yamalamulo ya ku Ulaya ndipo anatsindika kuti ana 7.2 miliyoni akulandidwa ufulu m'njira zosiyanasiyana. dziko.
Anatchulanso lipoti la Mlembi Wamkulu wa UN lokhudza ana omwe ali m'nkhondo yopita ku 77th Msonkhano wa UN General Assembly Security Council (A/77/895-S/2023/363) pa 5 June 2023, womwe unali kunena:
"Mu 2022, ana akupitirizabe kukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi nkhondo, ndipo chiwerengero cha ana omwe atsimikiziridwa kuti akhudzidwa ndi kuphwanya kwakukulu chinawonjezeka poyerekeza ndi 2021. United Nations inatsimikizira kuphwanya kwakukulu kwa 27,180, komwe 24,300 kunachitika mu 2022 ndipo 2,880 kunachitika kale. koma zatsimikiziridwa mu 2022. Kuphwanya kwakhudza ana 18,890 (13,469 anyamata, atsikana 4,638, 783 kugonana osadziwika) muzochitika 24 ndi dongosolo limodzi loyang'anira dera. Ziŵerengero zazikulu zophwanya malamulo zinali kupha (2,985) ndi kulemala (5,655) kwa ana 8,631, kutsatiridwa ndi kulemba ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ana 7,622 ndi kubedwa kwa ana 3,985. Ana anamangidwa chifukwa chogwirizana ndi magulu ankhondo (2,496), kuphatikizapo magulu a zigawenga ndi United Nations, kapena chifukwa cha chitetezo cha dziko.
Ulamuliro wa Woimira Wapadera wa UN wa Ana omwe ali pankhondo
Woimira Wapadera yemwe ali pano Virginia Gamba amagwira ntchito ngati mtsogoleri wamkulu wa UN pachitetezo ndi moyo wabwino wa ana omwe akhudzidwa ndi nkhondo.
Ntchitoyi idapangidwa ndi General Assembly (Chigamulo A/RES/51/77) kutsatira kusindikizidwa, mu 1996, kwa lipoti la Graça Machel lotchedwa “Kumenyana ndi Zida Zokhudza Ana”. Lipoti lake lidawonetsa kuopsa kwa nkhondo kwa ana ndipo adawazindikira kuti ndi omwe akhudzidwa kwambiri ndi nkhondo.
Udindo wa Special Representative for Children and Armed Conflict ndikulimbikitsa chitetezo cha ana omwe akukhudzidwa ndi nkhondo, kudziwitsa anthu, kulimbikitsa kusonkhanitsa zidziwitso za mavuto a ana omwe akukhudzidwa ndi nkhondo ndikulimbikitsa mgwirizano wa mayiko kuti ateteze chitetezo chawo.
Kutsekeredwa kwa ana ku Iraq, DR Congo, Libya, Myanmar Somalia
Anne Schintgen, membala wa gulu la msonkhanowo anatsindika mfundo zisanu ndi imodzi zophwanya malamulo oipitsitsa: kulembera ana ndi kuwagwiritsa ntchito pomenyana, kupha ndi kuvulaza ana, nkhanza za kugonana, kuukira masukulu ndi zipatala, kubedwa ndi kukana thandizo lothandizira anthu. .
Kuphatikiza apo, bungwe la UN likuyang'anira kutsekeredwa kwa ana chifukwa chogwirizana ndi magulu ankhondo.
Pachifukwa ichi, adatchula mayiko angapo omwe ali ndi nkhawa kwambiri:
Ku Iraq mu Disembala 2022, ana 936 adakhalabe m'ndende pamilandu yokhudzana ndi chitetezo cha dziko, kuphatikiza chifukwa chogwirizana ndi magulu ankhondo, makamaka a Da'esh.
Ku Democratic Republic of the Congo, bungwe la UN linatsimikizira mu 2022 kuti anyamata 97 ndi atsikana 20 a zaka zapakati pa 9 ndi 17 amangidwa chifukwa chogwirizana ndi magulu ankhondo. Ana onse amasulidwa.
Ku Libya, bungwe la UN lidalandira malipoti omangidwa kwa ana 64, pamodzi ndi amayi awo, ochokera m'mitundu ingapo, chifukwa cha kuyanjana kwa amayi awo ndi Da'esh,
Ku Myanmar, anyamata ndi atsikana 129 anamangidwa ndi gulu lankhondo.
Ku Somalia, anyamata okwana 176, omwe 104 adatulutsidwa ndipo 1 adaphedwa, adamangidwa mu 2022 chifukwa chogwirizana ndi magulu ankhondo.
Ana ayenera kuonedwa ngati ozunzidwa kapena kuphwanyidwa ufulu wawo m'malo mokhala olakwira komanso kuopseza chitetezo, Anne Schintgen adati, akugogomezera kuti kumangidwa kwa ana chifukwa chogwirizana ndi magulu ankhondo ndi nkhani mu 80% ya mayiko omwe akhudzidwa. ndi UN Children and Armed Conflict mechanism.
Kuthamangitsidwa kwa ana a ku Ukraine ndi Russia
Pamtsutso wotsatira zomwe adawonetsa, nkhani yothamangitsidwa kwa ana a ku Ukraine ndi Russia kuchokera ku Occupied Territories idadzutsidwa. Onse aŵiri Manfred Nowak ndi Benoit Van Keirsblick, chiŵalo cha Komiti ya United Nations Yoona za Ufulu wa Mwana amene anaitanidwa monga gulu, anafotokoza nkhaŵa yawo yaikulu ponena za mkhalidwe umenewu.
Mu lipoti lotchedwa “Ana a ku Ukraine Akufufuza Njira Yakwawo kuchokera ku Russia” lofalitsidwa m’zinenero zitatu (Chingerezi, Chirasha ndi Chiyukireniya) pa 25 August 2023, Human Rights Without Frontiers anagogomezera kuti akuluakulu a boma la Ukraine anali ndi mndandanda wa ana pafupifupi 20,000 omwe anathamangitsidwa ndi ku Russia omwe tsopano akuzunzidwa ndi kuphunzitsidwa maganizo odana ndi Chiyukireniya. Komabe, ena ambiri achotsedwa m’madera amene Russia analanda.
Monga chikumbutso, pa 17 Marichi 2023, Pre-Trial Chamber of the International Criminal Court ku The Hague. adapereka zikalata zomangidwa Purezidenti wa Russia Vladimir Putin ndi Commissioner wa Russia woona za Ufulu wa Ana Maria Lvova-Belova pa udindo wawo wothamangitsa ana a ku Ukraine.
Kuyitana kwa EU
Akatswiri omwe adaitanidwa kumsonkhanowu adalimbikitsa bungwe la European Union kuti liwonetsetse kuti mutu wa mikangano yomwe ikukhudzidwa ndi ana ikuphatikizidwa mwadongosolo komanso kupita patsogolo pazochitika zake zambiri zakunja. Iwo adalimbikitsanso bungwe la EU kuti liphatikizepo nkhani yotsekera ana chifukwa chogwirizana ndi magulu ankhondo mu Guidelines on Children and Armed Conflict yomwe ikukonzedwanso.
MEP Soraya Rodriguez Ramos anamaliza ndi kunena kuti:
"Lipoti lanyumba yamalamulo lomwe ndikutsogolera lomwe lidzavoteledwe pa msonkhano wachigawo wa Disembala ndi mwayi wowonetsa kuzunzika kwa mamiliyoni a ana omwe akulandidwa ufulu padziko lapansi ndikuyitanitsa mayiko kuti achitepo kanthu komanso kuchitapo kanthu moyenera. kudzipereka kuti athetse. ”
