Asayansi apanga ma microbiome a zomera kwa nthawi yoyamba, kukulitsa kufalikira kwa 'zabwino' mabakiteriya zomwe zimateteza mbewu ku matenda.
Masamba a mpunga - chithunzi chowonetsera. Ngongole yazithunzi: Pixabay (Chilolezo cha Pixabay chaulere)
Zotsatirazo lofalitsidwa Nature Kulumikizana ndi ofufuza ochokera ku yunivesite ya Southampton, China ndi Austria, akhoza kwambiri kuchepetsa kufunika kwa mankhwala owononga chilengedwe.
Pakuchulukirachulukira kwa anthu za kufunika kwa microbiome yathu - miyandamiyanda ya tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala mkati ndi kuzungulira matupi athu, makamaka m'matumbo athu. Ma microbiome athu am'matumbo amakhudza kagayidwe kathu, kuthekera kwathu kudwala, chitetezo chathu cha mthupi, komanso momwe timamvera.
Zomera nazonso zimakhala ndi mitundu yambirimbiri ya mabakiteriya, mafangasi, mavairasi, ndi tizilombo tina timene timakhala mumizu, tsinde, ndi masamba. Kwa zaka khumi zapitazi, asayansi akhala akufufuza mozama ma microbiomes a zomera kuti amvetsetse momwe amakhudzira thanzi la chomera komanso kuopsa kwake ku matenda.
"Kwa nthawi yoyamba, tatha kusintha mapangidwe a microbiome ya zomera m'njira yolunjika, kukulitsa chiwerengero cha mabakiteriya opindulitsa omwe angateteze zomera ku mabakiteriya ena owopsa," akutero Dr Tomislav Cernava, wolemba nawo. wa pepala ndi Pulofesa Wothandizira pa Plant-Microbe Interactions ku University of Southampton.
“Kupambana kumeneku kungachepetse kudalira mankhwala ophera tizilombo, omwe amawononga chilengedwe. Takwaniritsa izi mu mbewu za mpunga, koma dongosolo lomwe tapanga litha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazomera zina ndikutsegula mwayi wina wowongolera ma microbiome awo. Mwachitsanzo, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timene timayambitsa zakudya zopatsa thanzi ku mbewu titha kuchepetsa kufunika kwa feteleza wopangira.”
Gulu lofufuza zapadziko lonse lapansi lapeza kuti jini imodzi yomwe imapezeka mu gulu la lignin biosynthesis la mbewu ya mpunga imakhudzidwa ndi kupanga ma microbiome ake. Lignin ndi polima yovuta yomwe imapezeka m'makoma a maselo a zomera - zotsalira za zomera zina zimakhala ndi 30 peresenti ya lignin.
Choyamba, ochita kafukufuku adawona kuti pamene jiniyi idatsekedwa, panali kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha mabakiteriya opindulitsa, kutsimikizira kufunikira kwake pakupanga gulu la microbiome.
Ofufuzawo adachita zosiyana, kufotokoza mopitilira muyeso jini kotero kuti idapanga mtundu wina wa metabolite - kamolekyu yaying'ono yomwe imapangidwa ndi chomera chomwe chimagwira panthawi yake. Izi zidakulitsa kuchuluka kwa mabakiteriya opindulitsa muzomera za microbiome.
Pamene zomera zopanga izi zidawululidwa Xanthomonas oryzae - tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timene timayambitsa choipitsa m'mbewu zampunga, tinkalimbana nawo kwambiri kuposa mpunga wakuthengo.
Kuwonongeka kwa mabakiteriya ndikofala ku Asia ndipo kungayambitse kutayika kwa zokolola za mpunga. Nthawi zambiri imayang'aniridwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala owononga tizilombo, kotero kuti kupanga mbewu yokhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kungathandize kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha chakudya ndikuthandizira chilengedwe.
Gulu lofufuza tsopano likufufuza momwe angakhudzire kukhalapo kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti tipeze ubwino wosiyanasiyana wa zomera.
Microbiome homeostasis pamasamba ampunga imayendetsedwa ndi molekyulu ya lignin biosynthesis. imasindikizidwa mu Nature Kulumikizana ndipo ikupezeka pa intaneti.
Source: University of Southampton
