Mu Novembala 2023, zokambirana pakati pa EU ndi Australia pa Pangano la Ufulu Wamalonda (FTA) zidatha. Izi zinali makamaka chifukwa cha zofuna zokhwima zochokera ku EU zokhudzana ndi zizindikiro za malo otetezedwa - kuthekera kogulitsa vinyo ndi zinthu zina monga zochokera kudera linalake - komanso njira yosasinthika yopezera msika wogulitsa malonda kunja kwa ulimi.
Masabata angapo pambuyo pake, zinaonekeratu kuti chisokonezo chomwe chikuchitika mu zokambirana za EU-Mercosur - makamaka chifukwa cha zofuna za chilengedwe ndi kuwonongeka kwa nkhalango zochokera ku Brussels - sizinathetsedwe, ndi Purezidenti wa Brazil Lula akunena kuti EU "ilibe kusinthasintha".
Nthawi yomweyo, okambirana nawo a EU adamaliza zokambirana zina ndi Indonesia zomwe zikugwirizana ndi FTA yomwe ikufunsidwa: palibe kupita patsogolo komwe kwachitika kwa pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, ndipo msonkhano waposachedwawu sunali wosiyana.
Chithunzicho chikuwonekera bwino:
kuwongolera malonda ndikutsegula misika kwayima. Ili ndi vuto lalikulu chifukwa Indonesia ndi umodzi mwamisika yayikulu komanso yomwe ikukula mwachangu padziko lonse lapansi. Ndi katundu wathu ku China ndi Russia akutsika (pazifukwa zomveka komanso zomveka), kutsegula misika yayikulu yatsopano kuyenera kukhala patsogolo. Sizikuwoneka choncho.
Umboni umasonyeza kuti ili si vuto ndi wokondedwa wathu. M'miyezi 12 yapitayi, dziko la Indonesia latha mgwirizano ndi United Arab Emirates (pasanathe chaka). Posachedwa idakulitsa zomwe zilipo mgwirizano ndi Japan, ndipo ali kukambirana ndi Canada ndi Eurasian Economic Union, mwa ena. Ndi mkati mokha zokambirana ndi EU kuti Indonesia wapeza kupita patsogolo pang'onopang'ono ndi zovuta.
Sizokambirana za FTA zokha: mlandu wa World Trade Organisation (WTO) wotsutsana ndi EU, woperekedwa ndi Indonesia ukuyembekezeka kulamulira posachedwa. Mlanduwu, kuwonjezera pa mikangano yomwe ilipo pa Renewable Energy Directive ndi kutumiza kwa faifi tambala, zikutanthauza kuti dziko la Indonesia likuwona mfundo zathu ngati zoteteza komanso zotsutsana ndi malonda. Chisankho cha Purezidenti chikuyenera kuchitika mu February: wotsogolera Prabowo wanena momveka bwino kuti Indonesia "sikusowa EU," kuwonetsa "miyezo iwiri" mu ndondomeko zamalonda za EU.
Ndiye, njira yopitira patsogolo pa ubale ndi yotani?
Chisankho cha EU, ndikusankha komiti yatsopano, ziyenera kulengeza kusintha kwa kachitidwe. Kupititsa patsogolo malonda a EU, komanso kukulitsa mwayi wopeza msika ku zimphona zamtsogolo monga Indonesia ndi India, ziyenera kukhala zofunika kwambiri. Kulepheretsa kwaukadaulo kuyenera kusinthidwa ndi utsogoleri wamphamvu wandale ndikudzipereka kwa mabizinesi atsopano.
Kuchita nawo mayiko ogwirizanawa pazinthu za mfundo za EU zomwe zimawakhudza - monga Green Deal - ndizofunikiranso. Bungweli likuwoneka kuti silinaganizire molakwika momwe EU Deforestation Regulation ingayambitsire: Mayiko 14 omwe akutukuka, kuphatikizapo Indonesia, adasaina kalata yotsutsa, ndipo zovuta za WTO zili pafupi. Kukambitsirana koyenera komanso kulumikizana ndi akazembe kukanalepheretsa izi kukhala zovuta. Kukambiranaku kuyenera kupitirira ma Embassy: Indonesia ili ndi alimi ang'onoang'ono mamiliyoni ambiri omwe amapanga mafuta a kanjedza, labala, khofi, ndipo adzakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi malamulo a EU. Kusapezeka kwa anthu kumatanthauza kuti mawuwa tsopano akudana kwambiri ndi EU.
Ku Indonesia konse sikumatsutsa. Ikupitiriza kukambirana ndi Commission, ndipo Maiko ena Amembala - makamaka Germany ndi Netherlands - akukhala ndi zokambirana zabwino za mayiko awiriwa. Koma mayendedwe oyenda ndiwodetsa nkhawa: sitingathe kukwanitsa zaka 5 zokhazikika pazokambirana zamalonda, pomwe mikangano yandale imakwera kuzungulira zotchinga zamalonda za EU (zambiri zomwe sizinayambepo).
Chisankho chikhoza, ndipo chiyenera, kupereka chiyambi chatsopano kwa mbali zonse ziwiri. N'chimodzimodzinso ku India (zisankho mu April-May), ndipo mwina ngakhale United States (November). Mfundo yofunika kwambiri yomwe imagwirizanitsa zonsezi ndi yakuti amangogwira ntchito ngati Komiti yatsopanoyi ikufuna kulimbikitsa mwayi wogulitsa kunja kwa EU - ndikuchepetsa zolepheretsa zamalonda m'malo mokhazikitsa zambiri.
