By Natalya Trauberg (kuyankhulana koperekedwa kumapeto kwa 2008 kupatsidwa Elena Borisova ndi Darja Litvak), Katswiri 2009(19), May 19, 657
Kukhala Mkristu kumatanthauza kudzimana kaamba ka mnansi wako. Izi sizikukhudzana ndi chipembedzo china, koma zimadalira kusankha kwa munthu payekha ndipo chifukwa chake sizingatheke kukhala chodabwitsa.
Natalia Trauberg ndi womasulira wabwino kwambiri kuchokera ku Chingerezi, Chifalansa, Chisipanishi, Chipwitikizi ndi Chitaliyana. Munthu amene anaulula kwa wowerenga Russian woganiza Mkhristu Gilbert Chesterton, wopepesera Clive Lewis, masewero a evangelical a Dorothy Sayers, chisoni Graham Greene, wofatsa Wodehouse, ana Paul Gallico ndi Frances Burnett. Ku England, Trauberg amatchedwa "Madame Chesterton". Ku Russia, anali sisitere Joanna, membala wa bungwe la Bible Society ndi gulu la akonzi a magazini ya "Foreign Literature", yomwe imawulutsidwa pawailesi "Sofia" ndi "Radonezh", yophunzitsidwa ku Bible-Theological Institute of St. Mtumwi Andreya.
Natalia Leonidovna ankakonda kulankhula za chimene Chesterton anachitcha “Chikristu chabe”: osati za kubwerera ku “kupembedza kwa atate oyera,” koma za moyo wachikristu ndi malingaliro achikristu pano ndi tsopano, m’mikhalidwe imeneyo ndi m’malo amene taikidwa. Ponena za Chesterton ndi Sayers, nthawi ina analemba kuti: "Panalibe chilichonse mwa iwo chomwe chimapatutsa munthu ku "moyo wachipembedzo" - ngakhale mphamvu yokoka, kapena kukoma, kapena kusalolera. Ndipo tsopano, “chotupitsa cha Afarisi” chikayambanso kulimba, mawu awo ndi ofunika kwambiri, ndipo adzapambana kwambiri. Masiku ano, mawu awa atha kukhala chifukwa cha iye komanso mawu ake.
Zidachitika kuti Natalia Trauberg adapereka imodzi mwamafunso ake omaliza ku magazini ya Expert.
Natalia Leonidovna, motsutsana ndi zovuta zauzimu zomwe anthu amakumana nazo, ambiri akuyembekezera chitsitsimutso cha Chikhristu. Komanso, amakhulupirira kuti zonse zidzayamba ku Russia, chifukwa ndi Russian Orthodoxy yomwe ili ndi chidzalo cha Chikhristu padziko lonse lapansi. Mukuganiza bwanji pa izi?
Zikuwoneka kwa ine kuti kuyankhula za kuphatikizika kwa Chirasha ndi Orthodoxy ndikunyozetsa Umulungu ndi Wamuyaya. Ndipo ngati titayamba kutsutsa kuti Chikhristu cha ku Russia ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri padziko lapansi, ndiye kuti timakhala ndi mavuto aakulu omwe amatitsutsa ife monga Akhristu. Ponena za zitsitsimutso…Izi sizinachitikepo mu mbiriyakale. Panali zodandaula zina zazikulu. Nthawi ina anthu ena ankaganiza kuti palibe chabwino chimene chikutuluka m’dziko, ndipo anatsatira Anthony Wamkulu kuti athawire m’chipululu, ngakhale kuti Khristu anatha masiku makumi anayi okha m’chipululu… amonke anabwera, ambiri mwadzidzidzi Iwo ankaona kuti moyo wawo mwanjira ina sagwirizana ndi Uthenga Wabwino, ndipo anayamba kukhazikitsa zilumba zosiyana, nyumba za amonke, kuti zikhale zogwirizana ndi Uthenga Wabwino. Ndiye amaganiza kachiwiri: chinachake chalakwika. Ndipo amasankha kuyesera osati m'chipululu, osati m'nyumba ya amonke, koma m'dziko lapansi kukhala pafupi ndi Uthenga Wabwino, koma otchingidwa ndi dziko lapansi ndi malumbiro. Komabe, izi sizikhudza kwambiri anthu.
M’zaka za m’ma 70 ku Soviet Union, anthu ambiri ankapita kutchalitchi, osatchulapo za m’ma 90. Ndi chiyani ichi ngati si kuyesa kutsitsimutsa?
M’zaka za m’ma 70, anzeru, titero kunena kwake, anadza ku tchalitchi. Ndipo pamene “anatembenuka,” wina angazindikire kuti sanali kokha mikhalidwe Yachikristu, koma, monga momwe zinakhalira, anasiyanso kusonyeza mikhalidwe yaluntha.
Kodi zikutanthauza chiyani - wanzeru?
Zomwe zimabalanso zinthu zachikhristu: kukhala wosakhwima, wololera, osadzigwira wekha, osadula mutu wa ena, ndi zina zotero… Kodi moyo wadziko lapansi ndi wotani? Izi ndi "ndikufuna", "chikhumbo", zomwe mu Uthenga Wabwino zimatchedwa "chilakolako", "chilakolako". Ndipo munthu wakudziko amangokhalira moyo momwe afunira. Kotero ndi izi. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 70, anthu angapo omwe adawerenga Berdyaev kapena Averintsev anayamba kupita kutchalitchi. Koma mukuganiza bwanji? Amakhala ngati kale, momwe amafunira: kukankhira khamu padera, kukankhira aliyense pambali. Iwo pafupifupi kung'amba Averintsev pa nkhani yake yoyamba, ngakhale mu nkhani imeneyi akulankhula za zinthu zosavuta uthenga wabwino: kufatsa ndi kuleza mtima. Ndipo iwo akukankhana wina ndi mzake: “Ine! Ndikufuna chidutswa cha Averintsev! " Inde, mukhoza kuzindikira zonsezi ndi kulapa. Koma ndi anthu angati amene mwawaona amene analapa osati kungomwa kapena kuchita chigololo? Kulapa chigololo ndikolandiridwa, ili ndi tchimo lokhalo limene amakumbukira ndi kuzindikira, lomwe, komabe, silimawalepheretsa kusiya mkazi wawo pambuyo pake… Ndipo kuti tchimo lalikulu kwambiri ndilo kudzikuza, kofunika, kusalolera ndi kuuma ndi anthu. , kuwopseza, kuchita mwano ...
Zikuwoneka kuti Uthenga Wabwino umanenanso mosamalitsa za chigololo cha okwatirana?
Zanenedwa. Koma si Uthenga Wabwino wonse waperekedwa kwa izi. Pali kukambirana kumodzi kodabwitsa pamene atumwi sangavomereze mawu a Kristu akuti awiri ayenera kukhala thupi limodzi. Amafunsa kuti: Izi zingatheke bwanji? Kodi zimenezi n’zosatheka kwa anthu? Ndipo Mpulumutsi amavumbula chinsinsi chimenechi kwa iwo, akunena kuti ukwati weniweni ndiwo mgwirizano wotheratu, ndipo akuwonjezera mwachifundo kwambiri kuti: “Iye amene angathe kulolera, alole.” Ndiko kuti, amene angamvetse adzamvetsa. Chotero iwo anatembenuza chirichonse mozondoka ndipo anaika ngakhale lamulo m’maiko Achikatolika kuti sungakhoze kusudzulana. Koma yesani kukhazikitsa lamulo lomwe simungakalipire. Koma Kristu analankhula za ichi m’mbuyo mokulirapo kuti: “Iye wokwiyira mbale wake pachabe ali woweruzidwa.”
Bwanji ngati sizopanda pake, koma mpaka?
Ine sindine katswiri wamaphunziro a Baibulo, koma ndikukhulupirira kuti mawu akuti “chabe” apa ndi kumasulira. Khristu sanatchule izo. Kaŵirikaŵiri amachotsa vuto lonse, chifukwa aliyense amene amakwiya ndi kukuwa amatsimikiza kuti sakuchita pachabe. Koma amanenedwa kuti ngati “m’bale wako akuchimwira, umdzudzule pakati pa iwe ndi iye nokha.” Yekha. Mwaulemu komanso mosamala, momwe mungafune kuwululidwa. Ndipo ngati munthuyo sanamve, sanafune kumva, “…ndipo tengani abale mmodzi kapena awiri” ndi kulankhula naye kachiwiri. Ndipo potsiriza, ngati sanawamvera, adzakhala ngati “wakunja ndi wamsonkho” kwa inu.
Ndiko kuti, ngati mdani?
Ayi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti: msiyeni akhale ngati munthu amene samamvetsetsa makambitsirano amtunduwu. Ndiyeno inu mumapita pambali ndi kupereka malo kwa Mulungu. Mawu awa - "patsirani Mulungu malo" - amabwerezedwa m'Malemba pafupipafupi. Koma kodi mwawaona anthu angati amene anamva mawu amenewa? Ndi anthu angati omwe tawawona omwe adabwera kutchalitchi ndikuzindikira kuti: "Ndilibe kanthu, ndilibe kanthu koma kupusa, kudzitama, zilakolako ndi chikhumbo chodzinenera ndekha ... Ambuye, mulekerera bwanji izi? Ndithandizeni kuchita bwino!” Ndi iko komwe, phata la Chikristu ndiloti limatembenuza munthu yense kukhala pansi. Pali mawu omwe amachokera ku Greek "metanoia" - kusintha kwa kuganiza. Pamene chilichonse chomwe chimaonedwa kuti ndi chofunika kwambiri padziko lapansi - mwayi, luso, chuma, makhalidwe abwino - zimasiya kukhala zamtengo wapatali. Katswiri aliyense wa zamaganizo angakuuzeni: khulupirirani nokha. Ndipo mu mpingo simuli aliyense. Palibe, koma wokondedwa kwambiri. Kumeneko munthu, monga mwana wolowerera, amatembenukira kwa atate wake – kwa Mulungu. Amabwera kwa iye kuti alandire chikhululukiro ndi kupezeka kwa mtundu wina, makamaka m'bwalo la abambo ake. Atate wake, wosauka mumzimu, amamugwadira, akulira ndi kumulola kupita patsogolo.
Ndiye kodi mawu akuti “osauka mumzimu” amatanthauza chiyani?
Chabwino, inde. Aliyense akuganiza: izi zingatheke bwanji? Koma ziribe kanthu momwe mungatanthauzire izo, zonse zimabwera ku chenicheni chakuti iwo alibe kalikonse. Munthu wadziko amakhala ndi chinachake: luso langa, kukoma mtima kwanga, kulimba mtima kwanga. Koma iwo alibe kalikonse: amadalira Mulungu pa chilichonse. Amakhala ngati ana. Koma osati chifukwa chakuti ana ndi okongola, zolengedwa zoyera, monga momwe akatswiri a zamaganizo amanenera, koma chifukwa chakuti mwanayo alibe mphamvu. Iye salipo popanda atate wake, sangathe kudya, sadzaphunzira kulankhula. Ndipo osauka mumzimu ali chomwecho. Kubwera ku chikhristu kumatanthauza kuti chiwerengero cha anthu adzakhala ndi moyo wosatheka ndi maganizo a dziko. Zachidziwikire, zidzachitikanso kuti munthu apitiliza kuchita zomwe zili kwa ife, zachisoni, zosasangalatsa komanso zoseketsa. Akhoza kuledzera ngati hatchi yotuwa. Mutha kugwa m’chikondi pa nthawi yolakwika. Mwambiri, chilichonse mwa munthu chikhalabe. Koma adzayenera kuwerenga zochita ndi maganizo ake kuchokera kwa Khristu. Ndipo ngati munthu analandira izo, anatsegula osati mtima wake, komanso maganizo ake, ndiye kutembenuka kwa Chikhristu kunachitika.
Kugawanikana m’malo mwa chikondi
Akhristu ambiri amadziwa za kukhalapo kwa zikhulupiliro zosiyanasiyana, ena ali ndi chidwi ndi kusiyana kovomerezeka. Kodi zimenezi n’zofunika pa moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa Mkhristu?
Ine ndikuganiza ayi. Apo ayi, zimakhala kuti pamene tinabwera ku tchalitchi, tinangobwera ku malo atsopano. Inde, ndikokongola, inde, kuli kuyimba kodabwitsa kumeneko. Koma ndizoopsa kwambiri akamanena kuti: “Ndimakonda mpingo wakuti ndi wakuti, chifukwa amaimba bwino kumeneko…Zikanakhala bwino akanangokhala chete, moona mtima, chifukwa Khristu sanayimbe kulikonse. Anthu akabwera kutchalitchi amangopezeka kuti ali m’malo amene zinthu zonse zili zosiyana.
Izi ndi zabwino. Ndipo kwenikweni?
M'malo mwake, izi ndizofala masiku ano: zathu ndi zanu. Ndani ali ozizira - Akatolika kapena Orthodox? Kapena schismatics. Otsatira a Abambo Alexander Men kapena Bambo Georgy Kochetkov. Chilichonse chimagawidwa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Kwa ena, Russia ndi chithunzi cha Khristu, kwa ena, m'malo mwake, si chithunzi. Ndizofalanso pakati pa ambiri a ife, sichoncho? Ine ndinatenga mgonero, ndinapita kunja ku msewu, ndipo ine ndimanyoza aliyense yemwe sanayambe wajowina mpingo. Koma ife tinatuluka kwa iwo amene Mpulumutsi anatituma ife. Iye sanatitcha ife akapolo, koma abwenzi. Ndipo ngati chifukwa cha malingaliro, kukhudzika ndi chidwi tiyamba kufalitsa zowola kwa iwo omwe sakhala molingana ndi "lamulo" lathu, ndiye kuti sitiri Akhristu, kwenikweni. Kapena pali nkhani ya Semyon Frank, pomwe amalankhula za kukongola kwa mipingo ya Orthodox: inde, tidawona dziko la kukongola kodabwitsa ndikulikonda kwambiri, ndikuzindikira kuti ichi ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri padziko lapansi, koma anthu otizungulira omwe samamvetsetsa izi. Ndipo pali ngozi kuti tidzayamba kulimbana nawo. Ndipo ife, mwatsoka, tikuyenda mbali iyi. Mwachitsanzo, nkhani ya chozizwitsa cha Moto Woyera. Kuganiza kuti ife, Akhristu a Orthodox, ndife abwino kwambiri, chifukwa kwa ife okha, pa Isitala yathu, Moto Woyera ukuwonekera, ndi kwa wina aliyense - fuck, izi ndizodabwitsa! Zikuoneka kuti anthu obadwa ku France, kumene kuli Chikatolika, amakanidwa kwa Mulungu. Kuchokera kwa Mulungu, amene amanena kuti Mkristu ayenera, mofanana ndi dzuŵa kwa munthu, kuwalitsa pa chabwino ndi choipa! Kodi zonsezi zikukhudzana bwanji ndi Uthenga Wabwino? Ndipo izi ndi chiyani ngati simasewera aphwando?
Kwenikweni, kodi uku ndi chinyengo?
Inde. Koma ngati Kristu sanakhululukire aliyense, ndiye kuti “odzilungamitsa” okhawo ndiwo Afarisi. Simungapange moyo molingana ndi Uthenga Wabwino pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo: sizikukwanira, iyi si Euclidean geometry. Komanso timasangalala ndi mphamvu ya Mulungu. Koma chifukwa chiyani? Zipembedzo zoterezi zilipo zambiri. Chipembedzo chilichonse chachikunja chimasilira mphamvu ya Mulungu, matsenga. Alexander Schmemann akulemba, inde, mwinamwake iwo analemba kale, kuti Chikhristu si chipembedzo, koma kugwirizana kwaumwini ndi Khristu. Koma chikuchitika ndi chiyani? Apa pali anyamata aang'ono, akumwetulira, akuyankhula, akupita ku mgonero…Ndipo kumbuyo kwawo kuli akazi okalamba ali ndi timitengo, pambuyo pa opareshoni. Ndipo sizikanatheka ngakhale kwa anyamata kuphonya agogo. Ndipo izi zitachitika pambuyo pa liturgy, pomwe zonse zidanenedwanso! Sindinapite kukadya mgonero kangapo chifukwa chakukwiya konse. Ndiyeno pa wailesi "Radonezh", yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala Lamlungu, adauza omvera kuti: "Anyamata, lero sindinadye mgonero chifukwa cha inu." Chifukwa mumayang'ana, ndipo kale mu moyo wanu chinachake chikuchitika kuti, osati kutenga mgonero, komanso kuchita manyazi kuyang'ana mpingo. Mgonero si mchitidwe wamatsenga. Uwu ndi Mgonero Womaliza, ndipo ngati munabwera kudzakondwerera naye madzulo amene tsopano akukondweretsedwa kosatha imfa Yake, ndiye kuti yesani kumva chinthu chimodzi chimene Khristu anawonjezera ku Chipangano Chakale chimene chinasintha zonse: “…kondanani wina ndi mnzake. monga ndimakukondani…»
Mawu amene anthu ambiri amawatchula ndi akuti “Osachita zimene sukufuna kuchita.”
Inde, kukonda munthu wabwino aliyense kumatanthauza lamulo lamtengo wapatali limeneli. Zomveka: musachite izi ndipo mudzapulumutsidwa. Matrix a Chipangano Chakale, omwe pambuyo pake adatengedwa ndi Asilamu. Ndipo chikondi chachikristu ndi chisoni chosweka mtima. Mwina simungamukonde konse munthuyo. Iye angakhale wonyansa kotheratu kwa inu. Koma inu mukudziwa kuti, kupatula Mulungu, iye alibe chitetezo ngati inu. Kodi ndi kangati timawona chifundo chotere ngakhale m'malo athu ampingo? Tsoka ilo, ngakhale malo awa m'dziko lathu nthawi zambiri amakhala osasangalatsa. Ngakhale liwu loti “chikondi” lenilenilo lanyengerera kale mmenemo. Powopseza atsikanawo ndi moto wa helo chifukwa chochotsa mimba, wansembeyo akuti: “Ndipo chachikulu ndicho chikondi…” Mukamva izi, ngakhale mutakana kukana, pali chikhumbo chofuna kutenga kalabu yabwino ndi…
Kodi kuchotsa mimba sikulakwa?
Zoipa. Koma ndi zinthu zachinsinsi kwambiri. Ndipo ngati ntchito yaikulu yachikhristu ndi yolimbana ndi kuchotsa mimba, ndiye kuti pali chithumwa mu izi - pakumvetsetsa koyambirira kwa mawuwa. Tiyerekeze kuti msungwana wina akufuna chikondi, monga munthu wamba, ndipo apezeka kuti ali mumkhalidwe umene unali wovuta kubereka. Ndipo wansembe amamuuza kuti akamwalira panthawi yochotsa mimbayo, nthawi yomweyo apita ku gehena. Ndipo amapondaponda mapazi ake n’kukuwa kuti: “Sindipita kutchalitchi chanu chilichonse!” Ndipo akuchita zoyenera popondaponda. Chabwino, bwerani, Mkhristu, pitani kuletsa kuchotsa mimba ndikuwopsyeza gehena kwa atsikana omwe amva kuti palibe chinthu chapamwamba kuposa kugwa m'chikondi ndi kuti simungakane aliyense chifukwa ndi achikale, kapena osakhala achikhristu, kapena mulimonse. Ndizoyipa, koma Akatolika ali ndi zizolowezi zotere…
Nanga bwanji tchalitchi cha Orthodox?
Tili ndi zina kumbali inayo: amafunsa ngati ndi kotheka kusunga agalu m'nyumba momwe zithunzi zimapachikidwa, ndipo imodzi mwamitu yayikulu ndikusala kudya. Zinthu zina zachikunja zachilendo. Ndikukumbukira kuti nditangoyamba kumene kuulutsa pawailesi yaing’ono ya m’tchalitchi, iwo anandifunsa funso lakuti: “Ndiuzeni, kodi ndi tchimo lalikulu ngati ndidya pamaso pa nyenyezi pa Madzulo a Khirisimasi?” Ndinatsala pang'ono kutulutsa misozi kenako pamlengalenga ndikuyankhula kwa maola awiri zomwe tikukamba pano.
Dzikane nokha
Ndiye titani apa?
Koma palibe chinthu chowopsya chotero. Pamene tinalibe lingaliro la uchimo kwa nthaŵi yaitali chotero, ndiyeno tinayamba kuvomereza chirichonse monga uchimo kusiyapo kudzikonda, “kukhoza kukhala ndi moyo,” kudzifunira tokha, chidaliro mu chilungamo chathu ndi chipiriro, tifunikira kuyamba. mobwerezabwereza. Ambiri adayenera kuyambiranso. Ndipo amene ali ndi makutu akumva amve. Pano, mwachitsanzo, pali Wodala Augustine, woyera mtima wamkulu. Iye anali wanzeru, anali wotchuka, anali ndi ntchito yodabwitsa, ngati ife tiyesa izo mwa mawu athu. Koma moyo unakhala wovuta kwa iye, zomwe ziri zofanana kwambiri.
Kodi zikutanthauza chiyani: zidakhala zovuta kuti Augustine akhale ndi moyo?
Apa ndi pamene mumayamba kuzindikira kuti chinachake chalakwika. Masiku ano anthu amathetsa maganizo amenewa popita ku tchalitchi chokongola komanso kumvetsera nyimbo zabwino. Zowona, ndiye kuti kaŵirikaŵiri amayamba kudana nazo zonse kapena kukhala onyenga, osamva konse chimene Kristu ananena. Koma sizinali choncho ndi Augustine. Mnzake wina anabwera kwa iye n’kunena kuti: “Taonani, Augustine, ngakhale kuti ndife asayansi, timakhala ngati anthu awiri opusa. Tikufuna nzeru, ndipo palibe chilichonse. Augustine anasangalala kwambiri ndipo anathamangira m’mundamo. Ndipo ine ndinamva kuchokera kwinakwake: “Itenge ndipo uyiwerenge izo!” Zikuoneka kuti mnyamata ameneyu anali kukuwa kwa munthu wina mumsewu. Ndipo Augustine anamva kuti zinali za iye. Iye anathamangira mu chipinda ndipo anatsegula Uthenga. Ndipo ndinakumana ndi uthenga wa Paulo, pa mawu akuti: “Valani Ambuye Yesu Khristu ndipo musatembenuzire nkhawa za thupi kukhala zilakolako. Mawu osavuta: kudzikana nokha ndi kunyamula mtanda, ndipo musatembenuzire nkhawa za nokha mu zilakolako zanu zachitsiru, ndikumvetsetsa kuti lamulo lofunika kwambiri padziko lapansi - kuchita zomwe mutu wanga kapena, sindikudziwa china. , zofuna - si za mkhristu zilibe kanthu. Mawu amenewa anamusinthiratu Augustine.
Chilichonse chikuwoneka chophweka. Koma n’chifukwa chiyani nthawi zambiri munthu amalephera kudzikana?
Chikhristu ndi chovuta kwambiri. Tinene kuti amalola munthu kukhala bwana, ndipo ayenera kuganiza kuti n’kovuta kwambiri kukhala ngati Mkhristu mumkhalidwe wotero. Iye amafunikira nzeru zochuluka chotani nanga! Ndi chifundo chotani nanga chimene chikufunika! Ayenera kuganiza za aliyense monga za iye mwini, monganso momwe Khristu amachitira ndi anthu. Ayenera kudziika yekha m’malo mwa aliyense woyenda pansi pake ndi kumusamalira. Kapena, ndikukumbukira, iwo anandifunsa chifukwa chake, pamene ndinali ndi mwaŵi wotero, sindinasamuke. Ndinayankha kuti: “Chifukwa zingapha makolo anga. Sangayerekeze kuchoka ndipo akakhalabe kuno, okalamba, odwala komanso osungulumwa.” Ndipo tili ndi chisankho chofanana pa sitepe iliyonse. Mwachitsanzo, munthu wina wochokera pamwamba adasefukira mnyumba mwanu, ndipo alibe ndalama zoti akulipireni kuti akukonzereni… Mutha kumuzenga mlandu kapena kuyamba kukangana naye ndikuwononga moyo wake. Kapena mungathe kusiya zonse monga momwe zilili, ndiyeno, ngati mwayi ukupezeka, konzekerani nokha. Mukhozanso kusiya nthawi yanu… Khalani chete, osafunikira… Osakhumudwitsidwa… Zinthu zosavuta. Ndipo chozizwitsa cha kubadwanso chidzachitika pang’onopang’ono. Mulungu analemekeza munthu ndi ufulu, ndipo ife tokha, mwa kufuna kwathu, tikhoza kuswa. Ndiyeno Khristu adzachita chirichonse. Timangofunika, monga momwe Lewis adalembera, kuti tisaope kutsegula zida zomwe tamangidwa ndi kumulola Iye kulowa m'mitima yathu. Kuyesera kumeneku kokha kumasintha moyo wonse ndikuupatsa mtengo, tanthauzo ndi chisangalalo. Ndipo pamene Mtumwi Paulo ananena kuti “Kondwerani nthaŵi zonse!” Iye anatanthauza chisangalalo choterocho—pamwamba pake wa mzimu.
Iye ananenanso kuti: “Lirani ndi anthu amene akulira.”
Chinthu chake ndi chakuti okhawo odziwa kulira angasangalale. Amagawana zisoni ndi chisoni chawo ndi iwo omwe akulira ndipo samathawa kuvutika. Khristu akunena kuti amene akumva chisoni ndi odala. Kudalitsidwa kumatanthauza kukondwa ndi kukhala ndi chidzalo chonse cha moyo. Ndipo malonjezo Ake si akumwamba, koma a padziko lapansi. Inde, kuvutikako n’koopsa. Komabe, pamene anthu akuvutika, Kristu akupereka: “Idzani kwa Ine, inu nonse akumva zowawa ndi akuthodwa, Ine ndidzakupumulitsani inu.” Koma ndi lamulo limodzi: nyamulani goli Langa ndipo mudzapeza mpumulo wa miyoyo yanu. Ndipo munthuyo amapezadi mtendere. Komanso, pali mtendere wozama, ndipo sizili ngati kuti amayenda mozungulira ngati akuzizira: amangoyamba kukhala osati mwachabechabe, osati mosokonezeka. Ndiyeno chikhalidwe cha Ufumu wa Mulungu chimabwera kuno ndi tsopano. Ndipo mwina, titaphunzira, tingathandizenso ena. Ndipo apa pali chinthu chofunika kwambiri. Chikhristu si njira ya chipulumutso. Mkhristu si amene akupulumutsidwa, koma ndi amene amapulumutsa.
Ndiko kuti, ayenera kulalikira ndi kuthandiza mnansi wake?
Osati kokha. Chofunika kwambiri, amayambitsa kachigawo kakang'ono ka moyo wamtundu wina padziko lapansi. Mayi wanga wamulungu, nanny wanga, adayambitsa chinthu choterocho. Ndipo sindidzaiwala kuti ndinamuwona munthu woteroyo ndikumudziwa. Iye anali pafupi kwambiri ndi Uthenga. Popeza anali wantchito wopanda ndalama, ankakhala Mkristu wangwiro. Sanapweteke aliyense, sanalankhulepo mawu achipongwe. Ndikukumbukira kamodzi kokha…Ndidakali wamng’ono, makolo anga anapita kwinakwake, ndipo ndinkawalembera makalata tsiku lililonse, monga tinagwirizana. Ndipo mkazi wina amene anatichezera akuyang’ana izi ndi kunena kuti: “Eya, kodi mungatani ndi maganizo a mwana a udindo? Osachita chilichonse, mwana, sukufuna kuchita. Ndipo mudzakhala munthu wosangalala.” Ndiyeno nanny wanga anatuwa nati: “Chonde tikhululukireni. Inu muli ndi nyumba yanu, ife tiri nayo yathu.” Choncho kamodzi m’moyo wanga ndinamva mawu ankhanza kuchokera kwa iye.
Kodi banja lanu, makolo, linali losiyana?
Agogo anga aakazi, a Marya Petrovna, nawonso sanakwezepo mawu awo. Anasiya sukulu imene ankagwira ntchito yophunzitsa chifukwa kumeneko ankayenera kunena zinthu zotsutsana ndi chipembedzo. Pamene agogo aamuna anali moyo, ankayenda mozungulira ngati dona weniweni: mu chipewa ndi malaya ovomerezeka. Kenako anayamba kukhala nafe. Ndipo sizinali zophweka kwa iye, munthu wovuta kwambiri, mwachiwonekere mwa mtundu, ndi ife, anthu osasamala. Awa ndi amayi anga, mwana wawo wamkazi, apa pali mwamuna wake wosakwatiwa, wotsogolera mafilimu komanso wa bohemian ambiri… Agogo anga sananenepo kuti anali Myuda, chifukwa Mkhristu wabwinobwino sangakhale wodana ndi Ayuda. Ndipo iye anavutika kwambiri ndi ine! Ine, cretin wazaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri yemwe sanapite kusukulu, ndinapita ku yunivesite ndipo kumeneko ndinatsala pang'ono kupenga ndi chisangalalo, kupambana, kugwa m'chikondi ... Ndipo ngati mukukumbukira zopusa zonse zomwe ndinachita! Ndinayamba kukondana kwambiri ndipo ndinaba mphete yaukwati ya agogo anga aamuna, ndikukhulupirira kuti malingaliro anga aakulu omwe ndinamva anandipatsa ufulu woika mphete iyi ndi ubweya wa thonje, kuika pa chala changa ndikuyenda nayo. N’kutheka kuti woyamwitsayo akananena mofatsa, koma agogo akananena mwaukali kuti: “Usachite zimenezi. Zachabechabe.”
Ndipo izi ndizovuta?
Kwa iye - kwambiri. Ndipo amayi anga, pofuna kuti ndizivale bwino kwambiri kuposa momwe ndimaganizira kuti ndingatheke pambuyo poleredwa ndi agogo anga aakazi ndi nanny, ankatha kugubuduza mutu wanga kukhoma kutsimikizira chinachake kwa ine. Koma iye, wozunzidwa ndi moyo wa bohemian, nayenso wachilendo kwa iye chifukwa cha kuleredwa kwake, komwe iye, komabe, anakakamizika kutsogolera, sangathe kuweruzidwa. Ndipo nthawi zonse ankakhulupirira kuti ayenera kundilepheretsa chikhulupiriro, popeza ndinali kudziwononga ndekha. Ngakhale Messinga anandiitana kuti andibwezere maganizo. Ayi, iye sanamenyane ndi Chikhristu, anangomvetsa kuti zikanakhala zovuta kwa mwana wake wamkazi. Ndipo osati chifukwa chakuti tinali kukhala ku Soviet Union, kumene iwo ankalengeza kuti kulibe Mulungu. M’zaka za zana lililonse, makolo amayesa kuletsa ana awo ku Chikristu.
Ngakhale m’mabanja achikristu?
Chabwino, mwachitsanzo, Anthony Wamkulu, St. Theodosius, Catherine waku Siena, Francis waku Assisi… Nkhani zonse zinayi zili ndi makolo achikhristu. Ndipo zonse zakuti ana onse ndi anthu ngati anthu, ndipo mwana wanga ndi cretin. Theodosius safuna kuvala mwanzeru monga momwe gulu lake liyenera kukhalira, ndipo amapereka mphamvu ndi nthawi yambiri ku ntchito zabwino. Catherine amasamalira odwala ndi osauka tsiku lililonse, kugona kwa ola limodzi patsiku, m'malo mopita kokacheza ndi abwenzi ake ndikusamalira nyumba. Francis akukana moyo wachisangalalo ndi cholowa cha abambo ake… Zinthu zotere nthawi zonse zimawonedwa ngati zachilendo. Chabwino, tsopano, pamene malingaliro a "kupambana", "ntchito", "mwayi" akhala muyeso wa chisangalalo, makamaka. Chikoka cha dziko ndi champhamvu kwambiri. Izi sizichitika konse: "ima pamutu pako," malinga ndi Chesterton, ndikukhala choncho.
Mfundo yake ndi yotani mu zonsezi ngati owerengeka okha ndi omwe amakhala Akhristu?
Koma palibe chachikulu chomwe chinkaganiziridwa. Sizinali mwangozi kuti Khristu adalankhula mawu otere: "chotupitsa", "mchere". Miyeso yaying'ono ngati iyi. Koma amasintha chilichonse, amasintha moyo wanu wonse. Khalani ndi mtendere. Iwo amakhala ndi banja lirilonse, ngakhale limodzi kumene iwo afika ku manyazi mtheradi: kwinakwake, winawake, ndi mtundu wina wa mapemphero, ndi mtundu wina wa zozizwitsa. Kumeneko, dziko lonse lachilendo ichi poyang'ana koyamba limatseguka: pamene kuli kosavuta, chitani, pamene kuli kovuta, lankhulani, pamene sizingatheke, pempherani. Ndipo zimagwira ntchito.
Komanso kudzichepetsa, mothandizidwa ndi m'modzi yekha amene angagonjetse zoipa zomwe zimapambana mozungulira.
Chitsanzo: Mtundu wa Iconographic "Kuchiritsa munthu wogona wa ziwanda"
Chitsime: http://trauberg.com/chats/hristianstvo-e-to-ochen-neudobno/
