Wolemba pulofesa. AP Lopukhin
Mutu 16. 1 – 13. Fanizo la Mdindo Wosalungama. 14 – 31. Fanizo la Munthu wolemera ndi Lazaro wosauka.
Luka 16:1 . Ndimo nanena ndi akupunzira atshi, muntu modzi anali wolemera, ndimo anali ndi kapitao watshi, amene anadza kwa ie kuti anamwaza zatshi ;
Fanizo la mdindo wosalungama likupezeka mwa mlaliki Luka yekha. Kunanenedwa, mosakaikira, tsiku lomwelo limene Ambuye analankhula mafanizo atatu am’mbuyomo, koma fanizoli silinagwirizane nawo, monga linalankhulidwa ndi Kristu ponena za Afarisi, pamene ili likunena za “ophunzira. ” a Khristu, mwachitsanzo, ambiri mwa otsatira ake omwe anali atayamba kale kumutumikira, kusiya utumiki wa dziko lapansi - makamaka omwe kale anali okhometsa msonkho ndi ochimwa (Prot. Timothy Butkevich, "Kufotokozera Fanizo la Mdindo Wosalungama". Church Bulletins, 1911; tsamba 275).
"munthu mmodzi". Uyu mwachiwonekere anali mwini malo wolemera amene ankakhala mumzindawo, kutali kwambiri ndi malo ake, choncho sakanatha kuuchezera okha (omwe tiyenera kumvetsetsa apa mophiphiritsira - izi zimamveka bwino mwamsanga tanthauzo lenileni la fanizoli litafotokozedwa).
"ikonom" (ἰκονόμον) - lit. wopereka chikho, woyang’anira nyumba, amene anapatsidwa udindo woyang’anira malowo. Ameneyu sanali kapolo (pamodzi ndi Ayuda, adindo kaŵirikaŵiri anali kusankhidwa mwa akapolo), koma munthu waufulu, monga momwe zikuwonekera m’chowonadi chakuti, atamasulidwa ku ntchito za kapitawo, iye anafuna kuti asakhale ndi moyo wake. mbuye, koma ndi anthu ena (vesi 3-4).
"anabweretsedwa kwa iye". Liwu Lachigiriki lakuti διεβλήθη (kuchokera ku διαβάλλω) liri pano, ngakhale silikutanthauza kuti zimene zinabweretsedwazo zinali miseche wamba, monga momwe matembenuzidwe athu a Chisilavo amasonyezera mwachitsanzo, komabe amamveketsa bwino kuti zimenezi zinachitidwa ndi anthu amene ankadana ndi woyang’anira nyumbayo. /woyang'anira.
"amabalalika". ( ὡς διασκορπίζων – cf. Luka 15:13; Mat. 12:30 ) mwachitsanzo, amathera pa moyo wowononga ndi wauchimo, amawononga chuma cha mbuye wake.
Luka 16:2 . ndipo pamene adamuyitana, adati kwa iye, Ichi ndi chiyani ndikumva za iwe? Ufotokoze za khalidwe lako, chifukwa sudzakhalanso wodekha.
"chiani ichi ndikumva". Mwini munda anaitana woyang’anira nyumbayo, namufunsa mokwiya kuti: “Kodi ukutani kumeneko? Ndikumva mphekesera zoipa za inu. Sindikufunanso kuti ukhale woyang'anira wanga ndipo chuma changa ndipereka kwa wina. Muyenera kundipatsa akaunti ya malowo” (mwachitsanzo, zobwereketsa zilizonse, zikalata zangongole, ndi zina zotero). Ili ndiye tanthauzo la pempho la eni nyumba kwa manejala. Umu ndi momwe womalizayo adamvera mbuye wake.
Luka 16:3 . Pamenepo kapitaoyo anati mwa iye yekha, Ndidzacita ciani? Mbuye wanga andichotsera ulemu; kukumba sindingathe; kupempha, ndichita manyazi;
Iye anayamba kuganiza mmene angakhalire ndi moyo tsopano, pakuti anazindikira kuti iye analidi wolakwa pamaso pa mbuye wake ndipo analibe chiyembekezo cha chikhululukiro, ndipo analibe njira iliyonse yopezera moyo, ndipo iye sakanatha kapena sakanatha kugwira ntchito m’minda ya zipatso ndi masamba. minda. mphamvu zake. Iye akanathabe kukhala ndi moyo ndi mphatso zachifundo, koma kwa iye, amene anazoloŵera kukhala ndi moyo wopambanitsa, wopambanitsa, zimenezi zinkawoneka zochititsa manyazi kwambiri.
Luka 16:4 . Ndinaganiza zomwe ndiyenera kuchita kuti alandilidwe m'nyumba zawo ndikadzachotsedwa muulemu.
Pamapeto pake wothandizira anaganiza zomwe angachite kuti amuthandize. Anapeza njira yotsegulira zitseko za nyumba kwa iye atasowa malo (ankatanthauza “nyumba” za amangawa a mbuye wake). Iye adayitana amangawawo, aliyense payekha, nayamba kukambirana nawo. Kaya obwereketsawa anali alendi kapena amalonda omwe adatenga zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuchokera kumalo ogulitsira ndizovuta kunena, koma izi sizofunikira.
Luka 16:5 . Ndipo pamene adayitana amangawa a mbuye wake, aliyense payekha, nanena kwa woyamba, Unakongola chiyani kwa mbuye wanga?
Luka 16:6 . Iye anayankha, mitsuko zana ya mafuta. Ndipo adati kwa iye, tenga kalatayo, khala pansi, nulembere msanga, makumi asanu.
"miyezo zana". Mmodzi wa iwo angongole anafunsa angongolewo, iwowo ali ndi ngongole zingati kwa mbuye wake? Woyamba anayankha kuti: “miyezo zana limodzi” kapena “mabafa” (bat – βάτος, Chihebri בַּת bat̠, mulingo woyezera zinthu zamadzimadzi - kuposa ndowa 4) “mafuta”, kutanthauza mafuta a azitona, omwe anali okwera mtengo kwambiri. nthawi , kotero 419 ndowa za mafuta mtengo pa nthawi imeneyo mu ndalama zathu 15,922 rubles, lomwe limafanana pafupifupi. 18.5kg. golide (Prot. Butkevich, p. 283 19).
"Mofulumirirako". Wopereka chikhoyo anamuuza kuti alembe mwamsanga risiti yatsopano imene ngongole ya wobwereketsayo idzachepetsedwa ndi theka - ndipo apa tikuwona momwe aliyense amafulumira kuchita zoipa.
Luka 16:7 . Ndiye adati kwa winayo, Unangongole bwanji? Iye adayankha, maluwa zana a tirigu. Ndipo adati kwa iye, tenga kalata wako, nulembe, makumi asanu ndi atatu.
"zana maluwa". Wamangawa winayo anali ndi ngongole ya "maluwa zana" a tirigu, omwenso anali ofunika kwambiri (kakombo - κόρος - ndi muyeso wa matupi ochuluka, nthawi zambiri a tirigu). Zamtengo wa krina zana za tirigu panthawiyo mu ndalama zathu za 20,000 rubles (ibid., p. 324), zofanana ndi pafupifupi. 23kg pa. golide. Ndipo kazembeyo adachita naye monga adachitira woyamba.
Mwanjira imeneyi iye anachita ntchito yaikulu kwa amangongole awiriwa, ndipo kenako mwina kwa ena, ndipo iwo, nawonso, anadziona okha kukhala ndi ngongole kwa bailiff, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chikhululukiro. M’nyumba zawo zogona ndi zosamalira zinali kupezeka kwa iye nthaŵi zonse.
Luka 16:8 . Ndipo mbuyeyo anayamika wosamalira wosakhulupirikayo kuti adachita mwanzeru; pakuti ana a nthawi ya pansi pano azindikira mwa mtundu wawo koposa ana a kuunika.
“wanzeru”. Mbuye wa manor, atamva za zomwe mlondayo adachita, adamutamanda, atapeza kuti adachita mochenjera, kapena, kumasuliridwa bwino, mwanzeru, moganizira, komanso mwachangu (φρονίμως). Kodi kutamanda kumeneku sikukuwoneka kwachilendo?
“kutamandani”. Mbuyeyo wavulazidwa, ndipo zambiri, komabe akuyamika kazembe wosakhulupirikayo, akudabwa ndi kuchenjera kwake. N’chifukwa chiyani ayenera kumutamanda? Zikuoneka kuti mwamunayo ayenera kukasuma kukhoti, osati kumuyamikira. Chotero, omasulira ambiri amaumirira kuti mbuyeyo amadabwadi ndi kuchenjera kwa mwininyumba, popanda konse kuvomereza mkhalidwe wa njira imene mwininyumbayo wapeza kaamba ka chipulumutso chake. Koma yankho loterolo la funsolo n’losakhutiritsa, chifukwa likuganiza kuti Kristu mowonjezereka amaphunzitsa otsatira Ake komanso luso lotha kupeza njira yotulukira m’mikhalidwe yovuta mwa kutsanzira anthu osayenera (osalungama).
Ichi ndichifukwa chake kufotokozera koperekedwa ndi Prot. Timotei Butkevich wa "kutamanda" ndi khalidwe la woyang'anira nyumba, akuwoneka odalirika, ngakhale kuti sitingagwirizane naye. Malinga ndi kumasulira kwake, mwininyumbayo anachotsa m’maakaunti a wongongole ndalama zokhazo zimene anali nazo, popeza kuti poyamba analemba m’malisiti ake ndalama zonse zimene anagaŵira malowo kwa alendiwo mwa pangano ndi mbuye wake. zomwe ankafuna kuti adzipezere yekha. Popeza tsopano analibenso mwayi wolandira ndalama zomwe anagwirizana nazo - akusiya ntchito - adasintha ma risiti popanda kuvulaza mbuye wake, chifukwa adayenerabe kulandira (Butkevich, p. 327).
Koma sizingatheke kugwirizana ndi Prot. T. Butkevich, kuti tsopano woyang’anira nyumbayo “anakhala woona mtima ndi wolemekezeka” ndi kuti mbuyeyo anam’tamanda ndendende chifukwa chokana mwayi wolandira ndalama zake.
Chotero, ndithudi, mbuyeyo, monga munthu wolemekezeka, sanakakamizidwe kuumirira amangongolewo kum’lipira zonse zimene bwanamkubwa anafunikira: iye ankaona kuti anali ndi ngongole yaing’ono. Woyang'anirayo sanamuvulaze pochita - chifukwa chiyani mbuyeyo sayenera kumuyamika? Ndiko kuvomereza koyenera kwa kachitidwe ka mdindo kotchulidwa pano.
“Ana a nthawi ya pansi pano ali ozindikira koposa ana a kuunika.” Kutanthauzira kwanthawi zonse kwa chiganizochi ndikuti anthu akudziko amadziwa kulinganiza zinthu zawo bwino kuposa akhristu ndikukwaniritsa zolinga zapamwamba zomwe adadzipangira. Komabe, nkovuta kugwirizana ndi kutanthauzira uku, choyamba, chifukwa pa nthawi imeneyo mawu oti “ana a kuwala” sanali kutanthauza Akhristu: mu Yohane Mlaliki, amene akutchulidwa ndi Bishopu Mikaeli ndi amene amagwirizana ndi omasulira ena pamalo ano. Ngakhale kuti mawuwa agwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi, sikuti akutanthauza “Akhristu” (Yohane 12:36).
Ndipo chachiwiri, ndimotani mmene anthu akudziko, odziphatika ku dziko, ali anzeru koposa anthu odzipereka kwa Kristu? Kodi omalizirawo sanasonyeze nzeru zawo mwa kusiya zonse ndi kutsatira Kristu? Ichi ndichifukwa chake m'nkhaniyi timakondanso kuvomereza malingaliro a Prot. T. Butkevich, mogwirizana ndi zimene “ana a m’nthaŵi ino” ali amisonkho, amene, mogwirizana ndi Afarisi, amakhala mumdima wauzimu, otanganidwa ndi zinthu zazing’ono chabe zapadziko lapansi (kusonkhanitsa misonkho), ndipo “ana a kuunika” ali otanganidwa. Afarisi amene amadziona ngati aunikiridwa (onani Aroma 2:19) ndi amene Khristu amawatcha “ana a kuwala”, modabwitsa, molingana ndi maonekedwe awo.
"mu mtundu wake". Mawu owonjezera a Kristu akuti: “mwa mtundu wake” amagwirizananso ndi kumasulira kumeneku. Ndi mawu ameneŵa akusonyeza kuti sakutanthauza “ana a kuunika” m’lingaliro loyenerera la liwulo, koma “ana a kuunika” mwapadera, mtundu wawo.
Choncho, tanthauzo la mawuwa likanakhala: chifukwa okhometsa msonkho ndi oganiza bwino kuposa Afarisi (prot. T. Butkevich, p. 329).
Koma ponena za kufotokoza kumeneku—ndipo sitiyenera kunyalanyaza—kugwirizana kwa mawu omalizira a vesilo ndi mawu akuti mbuyeyo anayamikira mlonda wosakhulupirikayo sikunadziwikebe.
Tiyenera kuvomereza kuti lingaliro la theka lachiŵiri la vesi 8 silikunena za mawu onse a theka loyamba, koma limafotokoza chinthu chimodzi chokha “chanzeru” kapena “chanzeru”.
Yehova anamaliza fanizoli ndi mawu akuti: “Ndipo Yehova anayamikira kapitawo wosakhulupirikayo chifukwa anachita mwanzeru.” Tsopano akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito fanizoli kwa ophunzira ake ndipo pano, poyang’ana amisonkho akum’yandikira ( cf. Luka 15:1 ), monga ngati akunena kuti: “Inde, nzeru, kuzindikira podzifunira wekha chipulumutso n’chinthu chachikulu; tsopano tiyenera kuvomereza kuti, modabwitsa anthu ambiri, nzeru zotere zikusonyezedwa ndi okhometsa msonkho, osati ndi anthu amene nthaŵi zonse amadziona ngati anthu aunikiridwa koposa, mwachitsanzo, Afarisi”.
Luka 16:9 . Ndipo ndinena kwa inu, Pangani mabwenzi ndi chuma chosalungama;
Yehova anali atayamikira kale okhometsa msonkho amene ankamutsatira, koma anachita zimenezi ndi chiweruzo cha anthu onse. Tsopano Iye akulankhula kwa iwo molunjika mu umunthu Wake: “Ndipo ine, monga mbuye amene anthu anam’kongola kwambiri, ndinena kwa inu, Ngati munthu ali nacho chuma, monga ngati kapitawo anali nacho m’njira ya nkhokwe, mumangidwa; iye, kuti apeze mabwenzi amene, monga abwenzi a mlondayo, adzakulandirani inu ku malo okhala kosatha”.
“chuma chosalungama”. Chuma chimene Yehova amachitcha kuti “chosalungama” ( μαμωνᾶ τῆς ἀδικίας), osati chifukwa chinapezedwa mwa njira zosalungama – chuma choterocho chiyenera kubwezedwa mwalamulo monga chabedwa ( Lev. 6:4; Deut. 22:1 ), koma chifukwa n’chachabechabe. , mwachinyengo, modukizadukiza, ndipo nthawi zambiri amapangitsa munthu kukhala wadyera, woipa, kuiwala udindo wake wochitira zabwino anansi ake, ndipo amakhala ngati chopinga chachikulu panjira yopita ku Ufumu wa Kumwamba (Marko 10:25).
"pamene umakhala wosauka" (ἐκλίπητε) - molondola kwambiri: pamene (chuma) chimachotsedwa pamtengo wake (malinga ndi kuwerenga bwino - ἐκλίπῃ). Izi zikulozera ku nthawi ya Kudza Kwachiwiri kwa Khristu, pamene chuma chapadziko lapansi sichidzakhalanso ndi tanthauzo lililonse (cf. Luka 6:24; Yakobo 5:1ff.).
"kuvomereza iwe". Sizikunenedwa kuti iwo ndi ndani, koma tiyenera kuganiza kuti ndi abwenzi omwe angapezeke mwa kugwiritsa ntchito bwino chuma cha padziko lapansi, mwachitsanzo. pamene agwiritsidwa ntchito m’njira yokondweretsa Mulungu.
“mokhalamo muyaya”. Mawu amenewa amagwirizana ndi mawu akuti “m’nyumba zawo” ( vesi 4 ) ndipo akutanthauza Ufumu wa Mesiya umene udzakhalapo mpaka kalekale ( 3 Esdras 2:11 ).
Luka 16:10 . Iye amene ali wokhulupirika m’chaching’onong’ono alinso wokhulupirika m’chachikulu;
Pokulitsa lingaliro la kufunika kwa kugwiritsira ntchito chuma mwanzeru, Yehova choyamba anagwira mawu, titero kunena kwake, mwambi wakuti: “Iye amene ali wokhulupirika m’chaching’ono alinso wokhulupirika m’chachikulu.”
Ili ndi lingaliro wamba lomwe silifunikira kufotokozera mwapadera. Koma kenako Iye amalankhula mwachindunji kwa otsatira Ake mwa okhometsa msonkho. Mosakayikira iwo anali ndi chuma chambiri chimene anali nacho, ndipo sanali okhulupirika nthaŵi zonse m’kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo: kaŵirikaŵiri, m’kutolera misonkho ndi misonkho, anadzitengera iwo eni gawo la zosonkhetsedwa. Choncho, Yehova amawaphunzitsa kusiya khalidwe loipali. N’chifukwa chiyani ayenera kudziunjikira chuma? Ndi zosalungama, zachilendo, ndipo tiyenera kuziona ngati zachilendo. Muli ndi mwayi kupeza weniweni, mwachitsanzo. chuma chamtengo wapatali ndithu, chimene chiyenera kukondedwa kwambiri ndi inu, chimene chili choyenera udindo wanu monga ophunzira a Khristu. Koma ndani angakudalireni chuma chapamwamba ichi, chabwino ichi, chabwino chowona, ngati simungathe kulamulira otsika? Kodi mungalemekezedwe ndi madalitso amene Kristu amapereka kwa otsatira Ake owona mu Ufumu waulemerero wa Mulungu umene watsala pang’ono kuvumbulutsidwa?
Luka 16:11 . Chifukwa chake ngati simunakhala okhulupirika m’chuma chosalungama, adzakhulupirira inu ndani?
“adzakudalirani ndani”. Khristu akuwauza kuti: “Muli ndi mwayi wopeza chenicheni, ndicho chuma chamtengo wapatali, chimene chiyenera kukhala chokondedwa kwambiri kwa inu, chimene chimagwirizana ndi udindo wanu monga ophunzira a Khristu. Koma ndani angakudalitseni chuma chapamwamba ichi, chabwino ichi, chabwino chowona, ngati simungathe kulamulira otsika? Kodi mungalemekezedwe ndi madalitso amene Kristu amapereka kwa otsatira Ake owona mu Ufumu waulemerero wa Mulungu umene watsala pang’ono kuvumbulutsidwa?
Luka 16:12 . Ndipo ngati simunakhala wokhulupirika kwa mlendo, adzakupatsani inu ndani zanu?
Luka 16:13 . Palibe kapolo akhoza kapolo wa ambuye awiri; kapena adzakondweretsa mmodzi, nadzanyoza winayo. Simungathe kutumikira Mulungu ndi Chuma.
Kuchokera pakukhulupirika pakugwiritsa ntchito chuma chapadziko lapansi, Kristu amapita ku funso la utumiki wokhawo wa Mulungu, umene sugwirizana ndi utumiki wa Mamoni. Onani Mateyu 6:24 pamene chiganizochi chikubwerezedwa.
M’fanizo la kazembe wosalungama, Kristu, amene m’chiphunzitsochi amalingalira koposa amisonkho onse, amaphunzitsanso ochimwa onse mwachisawawa mmene angapezere chipulumutso ndi chisangalalo chamuyaya. Ili ndilo tanthauzo lachinsinsi la fanizoli. Munthu wolemerayo ndi Mulungu. Mwini wosalungama ndi wochimwa amene amaononga mphatso za Mulungu mosasamala kwa nthawi yaitali, mpaka Mulungu adzamuyankha kudzera mu zizindikiro zoopseza (matenda, tsoka). Ngati wochimwayo sanachite misala, amalapa, monga mmene kapitawo amakhululukira amangawa onse a mbuye wake amene ankaganiza kuti anali nawo.
Palibe chifukwa chofotokozera mwatsatanetsatane mafotokozedwe ophiphiritsa a fanizoli, chifukwa apa tidzayenera kutsogozedwa ndi zochitika mwachisawawa ndikutembenukira kumisonkhano: monga fanizo lina lililonse, fanizo la mdindo wosalungama lili, kuphatikiza pa fanizo lalikulu. lingaliro, zina zowonjezera zomwe sizikusowa kufotokozera.
Luka 16:14 . Afarisi, amene anali okonda ndalama, anamva zonsezi ndipo anamunyoza.
"adaseka". Pakati pa omvetsera fanizo la mwini wake wosalungama panali Afarisi, amene ankanyoza ( ἐξεμυκτήριζον) Khristu - mwachiwonekere chifukwa chakuti iwo ankaganiza kuti maganizo Ake ponena za chuma cha padziko lapansi anali opusa. Lamulo, iwo anati, limayang'ana chuma mwanjira ina: pali chuma cholonjezedwa ngati mphotho kwa olungama chifukwa cha zabwino zake, chifukwa chake sichingatchedwe chosalungama. Komanso Afarisi nawonso ankakonda ndalama.
Luka 16:15 . Ndipo adati kwa iwo, Mudziwonetsera nokha olungama kwa anthu, koma Mulungu adziwa mitima yanu; pakuti chimene chili chokwera mwa anthu chiri chonyansa pamaso pa Mulungu.
“mumadzionetsera ngati olungama.” Ndiko ndendende kumvetsetsa kumeneku kwa chuma kumene Kristu akulingalira, ndipo akuwoneka kuti akunena kwa iwo: “Inde, mulinso malonjezano m’chilamulo a mphotho za pa dziko lapansi, makamaka a chuma cha ku moyo wolungama. Koma mulibe ulamuliro wopenyerera chuma chanu monga mphotho yochokera kwa Mulungu chifukwa cha chilungamo chanu. Chilungamo chanu ndi chongoganizira. Ngakhale mutadzipezera ulemu kwa anthu chifukwa cha chilungamo chanu chachinyengo, simudzazindikirika ndi Mulungu, Amene amaona mmene mtima wanu ulili. Ndipo dziko ili ndi loyipa kwambiri. “
Luka 16:16 . Chilamulo ndi aneneri analipo kufikira pa Yohane; kuyambira pamenepo Ufumu wa Mulungu udalalikidwa, ndipo onse anayesera kulowamo.
Ndime zitatu izi ( 16 – 18 ) zili ndi mawu amene afotokozedwa kale m’mabuku ofotokoza za Uthenga Wabwino wa Mateyu ( cf. Mat. 11:12 – 14, 5:18, 32 ). Apa ali ndi tanthauzo la mawu oyamba a fanizo lotsatirali la munthu wolemera ndi wosauka Lazaro. Kupyolera mwa iwo, Yehova akutsimikizira kufunika kwakukulu kwa chilamulo ndi aneneri (amenenso adzatchulidwa m’fanizoli), zimene zimakonzekeretsa Ayuda kuvomereza ufumu wa Mesiya, amene mlaliki wake ndi Yohane M’batizi. Kuyungizya waawo, lufutuko lwa Bwami bwa Leza mboluyubununwa lulayumya bantu.
Luka 16:17 . Koma kumwamba ndi dziko lapansi zichoke nkwapafupi, koma kuti kadontho kakang’ono kachilamulo kagwe nkwapafupi.
"Mzere umodzi wa Chilamulo". Lamulo siliyenera kutaya mbali zake zirizonse, ndipo monga chitsanzo cha kutsimikiziriridwa kwa lamulo kumeneku Kristu akusonyeza kuti iye anamvetsetsa lamulo la chisudzulo ngakhale mosamalitsa kuposa mmene linamasuliridwa m’sukulu ya Afarisi.
Luka 16:18 . Aliyense wosudzula mkazi wake ndi kukwatira wina achita chigololo, ndipo aliyense wokwatira wosudzulidwa ndi mwamuna wachita chigololo.
B. Weiss akupereka kutanthauzira kwina kwa chiganizo ichi mu ndime iyi. Malinga ndi iye, Mlaliki Luka akumvetsetsa mawu amenewa mophiphiritsa, monga kusonyeza ubale wa lamulo ndi dongosolo latsopano la Ufumu wa Mulungu (onani Aroma 7:1-3). Iye amene, chifukwa cha omalizawo, asiya zoyambazo, achita tchimo la chigololo lomwelo pamaso pa Mulungu, monganso iye amene, Mulungu atamasula munthu ku kumvera lamulo mwa kulengeza kwa Uthenga Wabwino, akadafunabe kupitirizabe chigololo chake. ubale ndi lamulo. Wina adachimwa pakusasinthika kwa chilamulo (vesi 17), ndipo winayo adachimwa posafuna kutenga nawo mbali pakufuna kwa anthu moyo watsopano wachisomo (vesi 16).
Luka 16:19 . Panali munthu wina wolemera, wobvala chibakuwa ndi bafuta, nadyerera masiku onse.
Mu fanizo lotsatira la Lazaro wolemera ndi wosauka Lazaro, Ambuye akuwonetsa zotsatira zoyipa za kugwiritsa ntchito chuma molakwika (onani v. 14). Fanizo limeneli silinanenedwe mwachindunji kwa Afarisi, chifukwa iwo sakanafanana ndi munthu wachuma amene anali wosasamala za chipulumutso chake, koma motsutsana ndi lingaliro lawo la chuma monga chinthu chosavulaza kotheratu ku ntchito ya chipulumutso, ngakhale monga umboni wa chilungamo cha munthu. , mwini wake. Ambuye akusonyeza kuti chuma sichiri umboni wa chilungamo nkomwe, ndipo kuti nthawi zambiri chimapweteka kwambiri mwini wake, ndikumuponya kuphompho la gehena pambuyo pa imfa.
"marigold". Ndi nsalu yaubweya, yaubweya wopaka utoto wofiirira wokwera mtengo womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zovala zakunja (zofiira).
"Vison". Ndi nsalu yoyera yopangidwa kuchokera ku thonje (choncho osati nsalu) ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zovala zamkati.
“Tsiku lililonse ankadya mosangalala”. Kuchokera apa n’zachionekere kuti munthu wolemerayo sanali wokondweretsedwa ndi zochitika za anthu ndi zosoŵa za anzake, kapenanso chipulumutso cha moyo wake. Sanali munthu wachiwawa, wopondereza osauka, ndipo sanachite upandu wina uliwonse, koma madyerero okhazikika ameneŵa anali tchimo lalikulu pamaso pa Mulungu.
Luka 16:20 . Panalinso munthu wosauka dzina lake Lazaro, amene anali atagona mulu pakhomo pake
“Lazaro” ndi dzina lofupikitsidwa kuchokera ku Eleazara, – thandizo la Mulungu. Mwina tingagwirizane ndi omasulira ena kuti dzina la wopemphapemphayo linatchulidwa ndi Khristu pofuna kusonyeza kuti munthu wosaukayu anali ndi chiyembekezo choti Mulungu amuthandiza.
"gona pansi" - ἐβέβλέτο - anaponyedwa kunja, osati monga momwe tamasulira "kugona pansi". Munthu wosaukayo anaponyedwa kunja ndi anthu pa chipata cha munthu wolemera.
“khomo lake” ( πρὸς τὸν πυλῶνα) – pakhomo lotuluka pabwalo kulowa m’nyumba ( cf. Mat. 26:71 ).
Luka 16:21 . ndipo padali masiku asanu kudya nyenyeswa zakugwa pa gome la mwini chumayo; ndipo adadza agalu nanyambita nkhanambo zake.
"zinyenyeswazi zomwe zidagwa patebulo". M’mizinda ya kum’maŵa chinali chizoloŵezi kuponya zotsala zonse za chakudyacho mwachindunji m’khwalala, kumene amadyedwa ndi agalu amene ankangoyendayenda m’misewu. Pa nthawiyi, Lazaro yemwe ankadwala anagawira agalu nyenyeswazi. Agalu, nyama zonyansa, zodetsedwa kwa Ayuda, zinanyambita nkhanambo zake—zinkachitira watsoka munthu amene sakanatha kuzithamangitsa monga wa mtundu wake. Palibe lingaliro lililonse lodandaula kumbali yawo pano.
Luka 16:22 . Wosaukayo anafa, ndipo Angelo anamutengera iye ku chifuwa cha Abrahamu; mwini chumayo adafanso, ndipo adamuyika;
“ananyamulidwa ndi Angelo”. Limanena za mzimu wa wopemphapempha, umene unatengedwa ndi angelo amene, malinga ndi lingaliro la Ayuda, amanyamula mizimu ya olungama kupita nayo kumwamba.
"Chifuwa cha Abrahamu". Ndilo mawu achihebri otanthauza chisangalalo chakumwamba cha olungama. Olungama amakhalabe pambuyo pa imfa yawo mu mgonero wapafupi kwambiri ndi kholo lakale Abrahamu, kusanjika mitu yawo pa chifuwa chake. Komabe, pachifuwa cha Abrahamu sichifanana ndi paradaiso - ndiye, titero kunena kwake, malo osankhidwa ndi abwino, omwe anali m'paradaiso ndi Lazaro wopemphapempha, yemwe adapeza pano pothawirako bata m'manja mwa kholo lake (chithunzi apa. satengedwa pa chakudya chamadzulo kapena patebulo, mwachitsanzo, chonenedwa pa Mat. .
Zoonadi, kumwamba sikukumveka bwino pano m’lingaliro la ufumu wa ulemerero (monga pa 2 ] asipike. . . . , . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . , koma kutanthauza kuti anthu olungama asiya moyo wapadziko lapansi. Mkhalidwe uwu ndi wanthawi yochepa ndipo olungama adzakhala momwemo mpaka kubweranso kwachiwiri kwa Khristu.
Luka 16:23 . ndipo m’gehena, pokhala iye m’mazunzo, anakweza maso ake nawona Abrahamu patali, ndi Lazaro m’chifuwa chake.
"ku gehena". Liwu Lachihebri lakuti “shelo,” lotembenuzidwa pano kuti “helo,” monganso mu Septuagint, limatanthauza malo okhala anthu onse omwalira kufikira chiukiriro, ndipo lagawanika kukhala kumwamba kwa oopa Mulungu ( Luka 23:43 ) ndi helo kwa oipa. Ndiponso, Talmud imanena kuti kumwamba ndi helo zimakonzedwa m’njira yakuti munthu ali pamalo amodzi azitha kuona zimene zikuchitika kumalo ena. Koma sikuli kofunikira kupeza malingaliro otsimikiza za moyo wapambuyo pa imfa kuchokera m’kukambitsirana kotsatiraku pakati pa munthu wolemera ndi Abrahamu, pakuti mosakayikira m’mbali iyi ya fanizoli tili ndi chithunzithunzi chandakatulo chabe cha ganizo lodziwika bwino lofanana ndi . msonkhano umenewo, mwachitsanzo, mu 3 Sam. 22 , pamene mneneri Mikaya akulongosola vumbulutso la tsoka lankhondo la Ahabu limene linavumbulidwa kwa iye. Mwachitsanzo, kodi n’zotheka kutengera zimene munthu wachuma uja ananena zokhudza ludzu lake? Chabwino, alibe thupi ku gehena.
“anawona Abrahamu patali, ndi Lazaro pachifuwa chake.” Izi, ndithudi, zinamuwonjezera chisoni, chifukwa anakwiya kwambiri kuona wopemphapempha wonyozeka akusangalala ndi ubwenzi woterowo ndi kholo lakale.
Luka 16:24 . ndipo adafuwula nati, Atate Abrahamu, mundichitire ine chifundo, mutume Lazaro, anyowetse nsonga ya chala chake m’madzi, naziziritse lilime langa; chifukwa ndimva zowawa m’lawi ili lamoto.
Ataona Lazaro m’chifuwa cha Abrahamu, munthu wachuma wovutikayo anapempha Abrahamu kuti atumize Lazaro kuti akam’thandize ndi dontho la madzi.
Luka 16:25 . Abrahamu anati, Mwana, kumbukira kuti unalandira kale zabwino zako m’moyo wako, ndi Lazaro zoipazo: ndipo tsopano iye atonthozedwa pano, ndipo iwe ukuzunzidwa;
"zabwino zanu". Komabe, Abrahamu, monyadira kutcha munthu wachumayo “mwana” wake, anakana kukwaniritsa pempho lake: walandira kale zokwanira zimene ankaziona kuti n’zabwino (“zabwino zake”), pamene Lazaro anawona zoipa zokhazokha m’moyo wake (pano palibe m’neneri umene uli m’malo mwake.” anawonjezera “ake”, kusonyeza kuti kuvutika sikofunikira kwa munthu wolungama).
Kuchokera ku chitsutso cha Lazaro kupita kwa munthu wachumayo, amene mosakayika anali ndi liwongo kaamba ka tsoka lake loŵaŵa chifukwa chakuti anakhala ndi moyo woipa, n’zachionekere kuti Lazaro anali munthu wopembedza.
Luka 16:26 . koma pali phompho lalikuru pakati pa ife ndi inu, kotero kuti iwo akufuna kuwoloka kuchokera kuno kudza kwa inu sangathe, kotero kuti iwonso sangathe kuwoloka kuchokera kumeneko kudza kwa ife.
"amawona kusiyana kwakukulu". Abrahamu akulozera chifuniro cha Mulungu kuti munthu asachoke kumwamba kupita ku gehena ndi mosemphanitsa. Pofotokoza ganizo limeneli mophiphiritsa, Abrahamu akunena kuti pakati pa Gehena ndi Paradaiso pali phompho lalikulu (malinga ndi lingaliro la arabi, inchi imodzi yokha), kotero kuti Lazaro, ngati anafuna kupita kwa munthu wolemerayo, sakanatha kutero.
“kuti iwo sangakhoze”. Kuchokera ku yankho la Abrahamu limeneli, tingathe kunena za kunama kwa chiphunzitso cha kukhulupirira mizimu, chimene chimavomereza kuthekera kwa kuwonekera kwa akufa, amene molingaliridwa kuti angakhutiritse munthu wina za chowonadi chapamwamba: tili ndi Tchalitchi Choyera monga chitsogozo chathu m’moyo ndipo osasowa njira zina.
Luka 16:27 . Ndipo anati, Ndikupemphani, Atate, mumtumize iye ku nyumba ya atate wanga;
Luka 16:28 . pakuti ndili nawo abale asanu, kuti ndiwachitire umboni, kuti iwonso angadze ku malo ano a mazunzo.
“kuwachitira umboni”, kutanthauza kuwauza momwe ndimavutikira chifukwa sindinkafuna kusintha moyo wanga wopanda nkhawa.
Luka 16:29 . Abrahamu anati kwa iye, Ali ndi Mose ndi aneneri; amvere iwo.
Apa zikunenedwa kuti pali njira imodzi yokha yopulumukira ku tsogolo la munthu wachuma amene akumira ku gahena, ndiyo kulapa, kusintha moyo waulesi, wokhutitsidwa ndi zokondweretsa, ndi kuti chilamulo ndi aneneri ndiwo njira zosonyezedwa kuti zitheke. onse ofuna mwambo . Ngakhale kubweranso kwa akufa sikungachitire zabwino anthu amene akukhala moyo wopanda nkhawa woterowo monga njira zophunzitsira zopezeka nthaŵi zonse.
Luka 16:30 . Ndipo adati, Iyayi, Atate Abrahamu; koma ngati akapita mmodzi wa akufa kwa iwo, adzalapa.
Luka 16:31 . Ndipo Abrahamu anati kwa iye, Ngati Mose ali aneneri ngati samvera, ngakhale wina akauka kwa akufa, sadzakopeka mtima.
"sadzatsimikizika". Pamene mlalikiyo analemba izi, lingaliro la kusakhulupirira limene Ayuda anakumana nalo kuuka kwa Lazaro (Yohane 12:10) ndi kuuka kwa Khristu Mwiniwake mwina linabuka m’maganizo mwake. Kusiyapo pyenepi, Kristu na apostolo akhadamala kale kulamuswa muli akufa, pontho pyenepi pyaphataniza tani Afarisi akukhonda khulupira? Iwo anayesa kufotokoza zozizwitsa zimenezi ndi zifukwa zachibadwa kapena, monga momwe zinachitikiradi, mothandizidwa ndi mphamvu ina yamdima.
Omasulira ena, kuwonjezera pa tanthauzo lachindunji lomwe latchulidwa pamwambapa, amawona m’fanizoli tanthauzo lophiphiritsa ndi laulosi. Malinga ndi iwo, munthu wachumayo, ndi khalidwe lake lonse ndi tsogolo lake, amadziwonetsera ngati Chiyuda, chomwe chinkakhala mosasamala ndi chiyembekezo cha ufulu wake mu Ufumu wa Kumwamba, ndiyeno, pakubwera kwa Khristu, mwadzidzidzi anadzipeza yekha kunja kwa khomo. Ufumu, ndipo wopemphapempha akuyimira chikunja, chimene chinali chosiyana ndi anthu a Israeli ndikukhala mu umphawi wauzimu, ndipo kenako analandiridwa mwadzidzidzi mu chifuwa cha Mpingo wa Khristu.
Kuchokera mu Chirasha: Baibulo Lofotokozera, kapena Ndemanga za mabuku onse a Malemba Opatulika a Chipangano Chakale ndi Chatsopano: M'mavoliyumu 7 / Ed. Prof. AP Lopukhin. -Mkonzi. 4 pa. - Moscow: Dar, 2009. / T. 6: Mauthenga Anayi. - 1232 pp. / Uthenga Wabwino wa Luka. 735-959 p.
