Dziviriro, EU inogadzira mauto eEurope here?

Kunyange hazvo pasina mauto eEurope uye dziviriro inoramba iri nyaya yenhengo dzenhengo, EU yakatora matanho makuru ekusimudzira kudyidzana kwedziviriro mumakore mashoma apfuura.

Kubva 2016, pave nekufambira mberi kwakakosha munzvimbo yeEU chengetedzo nedziviriro ine akati wandei kongiri zvirongwa zveEU kukurudzira kubatana uye kusimbisa kugona kweEurope kuzvidzivirira. Verenga muchidimbu nezvezvichangobva kuitika.

Tarisiro yepamusoro yekudzivirira kweEU

Ruzhinji rwevagari veEU (81%) vari kufarira mutemo wakafanana wekudzivirira nekuchengetedza, pamwe nezvikamu zviviri muzvitatu vachiutsigira munyika imwe neimwe, maererano ne2022 data yakaburitswa neEurobarometer. Vamwe 93% vanobvuma kuti nyika dzinofanira kuita pamwe chete kudzivirira nzvimbo yeEU, nepo 85% ichifunga kuti kushandira pamwe pakudzivirira kunofanirwa kuwedzerwa padanho reEU.

Vatungamiriri veEU vanoona kuti hapana nyika yeEU inogona kugadzirisa kutyisidzira kwazvino kwekuchengetedza iri yega. Semuenzaniso Mutungamiri weFrance Macron akadana chirongwa chakabatana chemauto eEurope muna 2017, apo aimbove chancellor weGerman Merkel akati "tinofanira kushanda pachiratidzo chezuva rimwe chete kugadzira mauto eEurope chaiwo" maari. kutaura kuEuropean Parliament muna Mbudzi 2018. Kuenda kumubatanidzwa wekuchengetedza nekudzivirira kwave kuri chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvevon der Leyen Commission.

EU matanho ekusimudzira kubatana kwekudzivirira

Iyo yakajairika EU kudzivirira mutemo inopihwa neChibvumirano cheLisbon (Chisungo 42(2) TEU) Nekudaro, chibvumirano chinotaurawo zvakajeka kukosha kwegwaro redziviriro yenyika, kusanganisira nhengo yeNato kana kusarerekera. Paramende yeEuropean yakaramba ichitsigira kudyidzana kwakawanda, kuwedzera mari uye kuunganidza zviwanikwa kugadzira kuwirirana padanho reEU kuchengetedza zvirinani maEuropean.

Mumakore achangopfuura, EU yakatanga kuita zvirongwa zvekuda chinzvimbo kupa zvimwe zviwanikwa, kukurudzira kushanda zvakanaka, kufambisa kushandira pamwe uye kutsigira kusimudzira kwehunyanzvi:

• Iyo yekugara yakarongeka kubatana (PESCO) yaive yakatangwa muna Zvita 2017. Ikozvino inoshanda pahwaro hwe 47 mapurojekiti ekubatananezvisungo zvinosunga zvinosanganisira European Medical Command, Maritime Surveillance System, kubatsirana kune cyber-security uye kukurumidza kupindura zvikwata, uye yakabatana EU njere chikoro.
• The European Defense Fund (EDF) yaive yakatanga muna June 2017. Yakanga iri yekutanga kushandiswa kweEU bhajeti kubatanidza mari yekudzivirira kuchengetedza. Musi wa29 Kubvumbi 2021, MEPs vakabvuma kupa mari chiridzwa chemureza chine bhajeti re7.9 bhiriyoni sechikamu cheEU yenguva refu bhajeti (2021-2027).
• EU yasimba kubatana neNATO pamapurojekiti kumativi ose nzvimbo nomwe kusanganisira cybersecurity, maekisesaizi ekubatana uye kurwisa-hugandanga.
• Chirongwa chekufambisa kufamba kwechiuto mukati uye mukati meEU kuti zvikwanise kuti vashandi vemauto nemidziyo vaite nekukurumidza mukupindura matambudziko.
• Kuita kuti mari yevashandi vemauto nemauto uye mashandiro ashande zvakanyanya. Kubva muna Chikumi 2017 mutsva wekuraira uye dhizaini chimiro (MPCC) yakavandudza manejimendi edambudziko reEU.

Kushandisa zvakawanda, kushandisa zviri nani, kushandisa pamwe chete

Nyika dzeEU dzinoshandisa mari yakawanda pakutenga michina yekudzivirira

Zvinoenderana nedata rakaburitswa neEuropean Defence Agency musi wa8 Zvita 2022, mari yese yekudzivirira yeEuropean yakamira pamusoro pe214 bhiriyoni muna 2021, yakakwira 6% muna 2020, gore rechinomwe rakateedzana rekukura.

Chirevo chinoratidza kushandiswa kwemidziyo yekudzivirira uye kutsvagisa nekusimudzira kwakakwira 16% kusvika kune rekodhi € 52 bhiriyoni.

IEU inosimbisa hurongwa hwayo hwekudzivirira

Hondo yeRussia kurwisa Ukraine yakasimbisa kukosha kweEU kusimbisa nzira yayo yekudzivirira uye kukurumidze kugadzira zvombo.

Musi waChikunguru 13, 2023 Paramende yakavhotera ye500 miriyoni mukubatsira mari yekubatsira indasitiri yeEU kukwidza kugadzirwa kwezvombo uye makombi kuti awedzere kuendeswa kuUkraine uye kubatsira nyika dzeEU kuzadza masheya, ayo anonzi Kuita Mukutsigira Kugadzirwa Kwezvombo. (ASAP).

MEPs zvakare iri kushanda kuEuropean Defence Indasitiri Reinforcement kuburikidza neyakajairwa Procurement Act (EDIRPA) kutsigira nyika dzeEU mukutenga pamwe chete zvigadzirwa zvekudzivirira senge masystem ezvombo, zvombo uye midziyo yekurapa, kuitira kubatsira kuzadza mapeji ekukurumidzira uye akakosha. Chinangwa chechiito ndechekusimudzira European Defense indasitiri uye tekinoroji base uye kukurudzira kubatana pakutenga kwekudzivirira.

Muna June 2023, Paramende neKanzuru vakawirirana pamitemo mitsva yekukurudzira nyika dzeEU kuti dzitore pamwe chete zvigadzirwa zvekudzivirira uye kutsigira indasitiri yekudzivirira yeEU. Chishandiso chitsva chichava nebhajeti yemamiriyoni mazana matatu emadhora kusvika 300. EU ichabatsira kusvika ku2025% yemutengo wekutenga wezvibvumirano zvekutenga zvakajairika.

Mufananidzo neEuropean Defence Agency