NeChitatu, Paramende yakabvumidza Artificial Intelligence Act iyo inochengetedza kuchengetedzwa uye kutevedza kodzero dzakakosha, uku ichiwedzera hunyanzvi.
Regulation, vakabvumirana munhaurirano nenyika dziri nhengo muna Zvita 2023, yakatsigirwa neMEPs nemavhoti mazana mashanu nemakumi maviri nevatatu, makumi mana nevatanhatu vachipikisa uye makumi mana nevaviri vakarambira.
Inovavarira kuchengetedza kodzero dzakakosha, demokrasi, hutongi hwemutemo uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza kubva kune njodzi yakanyanya AI, uku ichiwedzera hunyanzvi uye kumisikidza Europe semutungamiri mumunda. Iwo mutemo unogadza zvisungo zveAI zvichibva pane zvingangoita njodzi uye nhanho yekukanganisa.
Zvikumbiro zvakarambidzwa
Mitemo mitsva iyi inorambidza zvimwe zvikumbiro zveAI zvinokanganisa kodzero dzevagari, kusanganisira masisitimu emhando yebiometric zvichienderana nehunhu uye kukweshwa kusingatarisirwe kwemifananidzo yechiso kubva painternet kana CCTV footage kugadzira dhatabhesi rinozivikanwa kumeso. Kuzivikanwa kwemanzwiro munzvimbo yebasa uye muzvikoro, kupihwa zvibodzwa munharaunda, kufembera kwemapurisa (kana zvichingobva pakunyora munhu kana kuongorora maitiro ake), uye AI inonyengedza maitiro evanhu kana kushandisa kusazvibata kwevanhu inorambidzwa zvakare.
Kuregererwa kwemutemo
Kushandiswa kwebiometric identification systems (RBI) nemutemo kunorambidzwa mumusimboti, kunze kwemamiriro akanyorwa uye akanyatsotsanangurwa. "Real-time" RBI inogona kuiswa chete kana dziviriro dzakasimba dzaitwa, semuenzaniso kushandiswa kwayo kunoganhurirwa nenguva uye nenzvimbo uye zvichienderana nemvumo yekutonga kana yekutonga. Kushandisa kwakadaro kungasanganisira, semuenzaniso, kutsvaga kwakanangwa kwemunhu akashaika kana kudzivirira kurwisa kwegandanga. Kushandisa masisitimu akadaro post-facto ("post-remote RBI") inoonekwa seyakanyanya njodzi yekushandisa, inoda mvumo yekutonga ichibatanidzwa nemhosva.
Zvisungo zvehurongwa hwepamusoro-ngozi
Zvakajeka zvisungo zvinofanoona zvakare kune mamwe ane njodzi aI masisitimu (nekuda kwekukuvadza kwavo kwakakosha kune hutano, chengetedzo, kodzero dzakakosha, nharaunda, democracy uye kutonga kwemutemo). Mienzaniso yekushandiswa kwenjodzi huru yeAI inosanganisira zvivakwa zvakakosha, dzidzo uye kudzidziswa mabasa emaoko, basa, mabasa akakosha epachivande uye eruzhinji (semuhutano, kubhengi), mamwe masisitimu mukutevedzwa kwemutemo, kutama uye kutonga kwemuganhu, kururamisira uye nzira dzegutsaruzhinji (sekukurudzira sarudzo) . Masisitimu akadai anofanirwa kuongorora nekudzikisa njodzi, kuchengetedza matanda ekushandisa, kuve pachena uye kwakaringana, uye kuve nechokwadi chekutariswa kwevanhu. Vagari vachave nekodzero yekuendesa zvichemo pamusoro pehurongwa hweAI uye kugamuchira tsananguro pamusoro pezvisarudzo zvakavakirwa panjodzi huru yeAI inokanganisa kodzero dzavo.
Transparency zvinodiwa
General-chinangwa AI (GPAI) masisitimu, uye maGPAI mamodheru aakavakirwa paari, anofanirwa kuzadzisa zvimwe zvinodiwa pachena, kusanganisira kutevedzera mutemo wekodzero weEU uye kuburitsa pfupiso dzakadzama dzezviri kushandiswa pakudzidziswa. Iwo ane simba akawanda eGPAI modhi anogona kuunza njodzi yehurongwa achasangana nezvimwe zvinodiwa, zvinosanganisira kuita ongororo yemhando, kuongorora uye kudzikisira njodzi dzehurongwa, uye kushuma nezvezviitiko.
Pamusoro pezvo, mapikicha ekunyepedzera kana akaitwa, odhiyo kana vhidhiyo yemukati ("deepfakes") inoda kunyorwa zvakajeka saizvozvo.
Matanho ekutsigira hunyanzvi uye maSME
Regulatory sandboxes uye chaiyo-yepasirese kuyedzwa ichafanirwa kuisirwa padanho renyika, uye kuitwa kuti iwanikwe kune maSME uye kutanga-ups, kuvandudza uye kudzidzisa hunyanzvi AI isati yaiswa pamusika.
Quotes
Munguva yekupokana kweplenary neChipiri, iyo Internal Market Committee co-rapporteur Brando Benifei (S&D, Italy) akati: “Pakupedzisira tava nemutemo wekutanga munyika unosunga paungwaru hwekugadzira, kuderedza njodzi, kugadzira mikana, kurwisa rusarura, uye kuunza pachena. Kutenda kuParamende, maitiro asingagamuchirwi eAI acharambidzwa muEurope uye kodzero dzevashandi uye vagari dzichadzivirirwa. Hofisi yeAI yave kugadzirirwa kutsigira makambani kuti atange kutevedzera mitemo asati atanga kushanda. Takava nechokwadi chekuti vanhu uye tsika dzeEurope dziri pakati pebudiriro yeAI”.
Civil Liberties Committee co-rapporteur Dragos Tudorache (Renew, Romania) akati: "EU yaunza. Takabatanidza pfungwa yehungwaru hwekugadzira kune zvakakosha zvinoumba hwaro hwemagariro edu. Nekudaro, basa rakawanda riri kumberi rinopfuura iyo AI Act pachayo. AI ichatisundidzira kuti tifunge zvakare chibvumirano chemagariro pamwoyo wedemokrasi yedu, mhando dzedzidzo yedu, misika yevashandi, uye mabatiro atinoita hondo. Iyo AI Act inzvimbo yekutanga yemhando nyowani yehutongi yakavakirwa pane tekinoroji. Iye zvino tinofanira kutarisa nezvekushandisa mutemo uyu”.
Matanho anotevera
Iwo mutemo uchiri pasi pekupedzisira gweta-rurimi cheki uye unotarisirwa kuzogashirwa kusati kwapera paramende (kuburikidza neinonzi corrigendum nzira). Mutemo unofanirwawo kutsigirwa zviri pamutemo neKanzuru.
Ichapinda musimba mazuva makumi maviri mushure mekuburitswa kwayo muChinyorwa chepamutemo, uye ichashanda zvizere mwedzi ye24 mushure mekupinda kwayo musimba, kunze kwe: kurambidzwa kwemaitiro anorambidzwa, ayo achashanda mwedzi mitanhatu mushure mekupinda musimba; makodhi ekuita (mwedzi mipfumbamwe mushure mekupinda musimba); general-chinangwa AI mitemo inosanganisira hutongi (12 mwedzi mushure mekupinda musimba); uye zvisungo zvehurongwa hwepamusoro-njodzi (mwedzi 36).
kumashure
Iyo Artificial Intelligence Act inopindura zvakananga kune zvikumbiro zvevagari kubva kuMusangano weRamangwana reEurope (COFE), zvakanyanya chirevo 12(10) pakusimudzira kukwikwidza kweEU muzvikamu zvehurongwa, chirevo 33(5) munharaunda yakachengeteka uye yakavimbika, kusanganisira kurwisa disinformation uye kuona kuti vanhu vanozotonga, chirevo 35 pakusimudzira hunyanzvi hwedhijitari, (3) uku uchiona tarisiro yevanhu uye (8) Kuvimbika uye nekuchenjera kushandiswa kweAI, kuseta chengetedzo uye kuve nechokwadi chekujeka, uye Chikumbiro 37 (3) pakushandisa AI nematurusi edhijitari kuvandudza kuwana kwevagari ruzivo, kusanganisira vanhu vakaremara.
