The European Convention of Human Rights, imatchula maufulu ndi kumasuka zomwe sizingaphwanyidwe ndi mayiko, omwe adavomereza mgwirizanowu. Ufulu umenewu umaphatikizapo: ufulu wokhala ndi moyo kapena kuletsa kuzunzidwa, ufulu waufulu ndi chitetezo, ndi kulemekeza moyo waumwini ndi wabanja.
Msonkhanowu umapereka maziko ovomerezeka ovomerezeka omwe amalola kumvetsetsa komweko kwa ufulu waumunthu kwa munthu aliyense mosasamala kanthu za dziko liti ku Ulaya munthu akukhala, ndipo ngakhale mayikowa sagawana nawo miyambo ya ndale, malamulo kapena chikhalidwe.
Zinalembedwa zaka pambuyo pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse
Msonkhanowu udapangidwa ndikulembedwa zaka zingapo pambuyo pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse kuteteza anthu ku nkhanza za mayiko awo, kupanga chidaliro pakati pa anthu ndi maboma ndi kulola kukambirana pakati pa mayiko.
Europe ndi dziko lonse lapansi zakula kwambiri kuyambira 1950, mwaukadaulo komanso potengera malingaliro amunthu komanso chikhalidwe cha anthu. Ndi kusintha kotereku kwa zaka makumi asanu ndi awiri zapitazi, mipata muzochitika zenizeni zam'mbuyomu komanso kusaoneratu zam'tsogolo pakupanga zolemba zina mumgwirizanowu kumabweretsa zovuta za momwe mungadziwire ndi kuteteza ufulu waumunthu m’dziko lamakono.
Pofuna kuthana ndi mavutowa, European Convention idayenera kusintha. Lakhala likukonzedwanso kaŵirikaŵiri, ndipo ndondomeko zatsopano zawonjezeredwa kukulitsa kukula kwa ufulu wachibadwidwe, ndikuwona kusintha kwa anthu, kuphatikizapo nkhani zokhudzana ndi matekinoloje atsopano, bioethics kapena chilengedwe, komanso nkhani zina zomwe masiku ano timaziona ngati zabwinobwino. monga chitetezo cha katundu, ufulu wa zisankho zaufulu kapena kumasuka.
Madivelopa omwe adalemba zolemba za European Convention adaphunzitsidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yomwe Ufulu Wachibadwidwe unalibe pakatikati pakupanga malamulo ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu. Ndicho chifukwa chake kunali koyenera kupanga izo poyamba. Zinayenera kuvomerezana pazandale m'dziko lomwe linali litangodutsa nkhondo ziwiri zapadziko lonse, ndipo lidakumana ndi zovuta zambiri ndipo nthawi zina maikowa angakhale asanakonzekeretu Ufulu Wachibadwidwe Wadziko Lonse panobe.
Zowona zatsopano ndi chitukuko chaukadaulo komanso malingaliro a anthu
Kuyambira pamene Msonkhanowu unatsegulidwa kuti usayine mu 1950 pakhala kusintha kwakukulu kwa malingaliro pazinthu monga chilango cha imfa ndi tsankho chifukwa cha jenda ndi kulemala. Kuphatikiza apo, European Convention iyeneranso kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhudzana ndi zinthu zomwe sizinalipo mu 1950, monga makamera oteteza chitetezo (otchedwa CCTV) pagulu komanso m'masitolo, mu in vitro fertilization (IVF), intaneti, zosiyanasiyana. kupita patsogolo kwachipatala, ndi zina zambiri.
Khoti Loona za Ufulu Wachibadwidwe ku Ulaya, bungwe lalikulu lazamalamulo la Council of Europe lomwe limatanthauzira European Convention ndikulamulira milandu yokhudzana ndi kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwake kapena kusowa kwake m'moyo weniweni likabweretsedwa pamaso pake, lalamulira pazinthu zambiri zamagulu monga kuchotsa mimba, kudzipha kothandizira, kufufuza thupi, ukapolo wapakhomo, kuvala zizindikiro zachipembedzo. m’sukulu, kutetezedwa kwa magwero a atolankhani ndi kusungidwa kwa deta ya DNA.
Nthaŵi zina, anthu akhala akudzudzulidwa motsutsana ndi Pangano la Mayiko a ku Ulaya, ndipo makamaka tanthauzo lake, kuti lafutukuka “kuposa zimene oyambitsa Panganoli anali kuganiza pamene anasaina nawo.” Zonena zoterozo kaŵirikaŵiri zadzutsidwa ndi tizigawo tina ta a Conservative, koma m’kusanthula zimenezi kwenikweni zimapezedwa kukhala zosokera ndipo zimasonyeza kumvetsetsa pang’ono mmene malamulo amapangidwira ndi kuwamasulira.
Kutsutsa “zolimbikitsa chilungamo” za Khoti Loona za Ufulu Wachibadwidwe la ku Ulaya, kumene nthaŵi zambiri kukhoza kukhala kozikidwa pa chigamulo chokayikitsa cha Khotilo, kaŵirikaŵiri kumawonekera pa nkhani zimene wodandaulayo sakugwirizana ndi chigamulocho m’malo motsatira mfundo yake. Khotilo likumasulira mbali zina za Pangano la Mayiko a ku Ulaya mogwirizana ndi mmene zinthu zilili masiku ano, kuphatikizapo malamulo ena apadziko lonse a ufulu wachibadwidwe.
Kuchiza European Convention ngati "chida chamoyo" ndikofunikira kuti lamulo ligwirizane ndi kusinthaku, komanso kuti ufulu waumunthu ukhalebe weniweni. Pangano la ku Ulaya liyenera kukhala ‘chida chamoyo’ pamene dziko likusintha, osasintha maganizo a Ufulu Wachibadwidwe.
